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作者：Wu, Jiarui; Bei, Naifang; Wang, Yuan; Su, Xiaoli; Zhang, Ningning; Wang, Lili; Hu, Bo; Wang, Qiyuan; Jiang, Qian; Zhang, Chenchong; Liu, Yangfan; Wang, Ruonan; Li, Xia; Lu, Yuxuan; Liu, Zirui; Cao, Junji; Tie, Xuexi; Li, Guohui; Seinfeld, John
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Earth Environment, CAS; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Stanford University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS; California Institute of Technology
摘要：Aerosol light absorption has been widely considered as a contributing factor to the worsening of particulate pollution in large urban areas, primarily through its role in stabilizing the planetary boundary layer (PBL). Here, we report that absorption- dominated aerosol-radiation interaction can decrease near- surface fine particulate matter concentrations ([PM2.5]) at a large- scale during wintertime haze events. A warm bubble effect by the significant heating rate of absorbing aerosols above ...
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作者：Xiong, Feng; Zhang, Zhongjuan; Gong, Wen; Hermann, Marita; Bak, Deniz Tiambeng; Garbsch, Frauke; Laux, Thomas
作者单位：Shandong Agricultural University; University of Freiburg; University of Freiburg; University of Regensburg
摘要：In many plants, the asymmetric division of the zygote sets up the apical-basal body axis. In the cress Arabidopsis, the zygote coexpresses regulators of the apical and basal embryo lineages, the transcription factors WOX2 and WRKY2/WOX8, respectively. WRKY2/ WOX8 activity promotes nuclear migration, cellular polarity, and mitotic asymmetry of the zygote, which are hallmarks of axis formation in many plant species. However, the role of WOX2 and how the antagonistic WOX2 and WRKY2/WOX8 functions...
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作者：Gonzalez, Brenda Martinez-; Soria, Maria Eugenia; Avila, Ana Isabel de; Somovilla, Pilar; Sabido, Claudia Aguilar-; Minguez, Pablo; Orta, Cristina Ferrer-; Vidal, Llanos Salar-; Lorenzo-Redondojk, Ramon; Delgado, Soledad; Moran, Federico; Verdaguer, Nuria; Gadea, Ignacio; Domingo, Esteban; Perales, Celia
作者单位：Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBM); Autonomous University of Madrid; Autonomous University of Madrid; Autonomous University of Madrid; Autonomous University of Madrid; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; CIBER - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red; CIBERER; Autonomous University of Madrid; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular de Barcelona (IBMB); Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Northwestern University; Feinberg School of Medicine; Northwestern University; Universidad Politecnica de Madrid; Complutense University of Madrid
摘要：RNA virus populations consist of complex and dynamic mutant spectra in which most individual genomes differ in one or more positions from the other genomes of the same population. This behavior, known as quasispecies dynamics, applies to SARS-CoV-2 which exhibits intrahost genetic and functional heterogeneity while evolving at a high rate in the human population. In the present study, we describe a remarkable reduction in mutant spectrum complexity (intrahost viral genome heterogeneity) in SAR...
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作者：O'Donnell, Andrew J.; Pellatz, Preston J.; Nichols, Caroline S.; Gershenzon, Jonathan; Peters, Reuben J.; Schmidt, Axel
作者单位：Max Planck Society; Iowa State University; University of Iowa
摘要：A long-standing question in biology is what makes evolution more or less repeatable. Although evolution seems repeatable when observing convergent phenotypic outcomes, each episode of convergence could have been contingent on an idiosyncratic history that is not expected to repeat. Overlooking events that preceded convergent episodes therefore risks overestimating repeatability. Here, we demonstrate using resurrected ancestral proteins that the evolution of a characteristic diterpene resin aci...
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作者：Qin, Sanbo; Zhou, Huan- Xiang
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital
摘要：The small-angle scattering (SAS) profile of a dense protein solution contains rich information about interprotein interactions, but extracting this information has been extremely challenging. In previous studies, we developed a fast Fourier transform-based method, FMAPB2, to compute protein pair interactions at the all-atom level. Here, we use FMAPB2 to precompute pair interaction energies and then use the latter to drive simulations of dense protein solutions. The resulting MAEPPI (many-prote...
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作者：Su, Yapeng; Thelen, Ashley; Wirth, Lena V.; Jenkins, Cody M.; Mak, Sam R.; Chen, Daniel G.; Gottardo, Raphael; Greenberg, Philip D.
作者单位：Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; University of Cambridge; University of Lausanne; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV); University of Lausanne; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：Adoptive T cell therapies have shown limited efficacy against solid tumors due in part to immunosuppressive cues such as from TGF-f3 and insufficient survival/proliferative signals within the tumor microenvironment (TME). We engineered chimeric immunomodulatory fusion proteins (IFPs) that convert immunosuppressive TGF-f3 signals into proliferative/survival Interleukin 2 (IL-2) signals in T cells. Chimeric TGF-f3R/IL-2R IFPs were constructed by fusing extracellular domains of the TGF-f3 recepto...
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作者：Tsubery, Yehonatan; Aharoni, Hillel
作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science
摘要：Topological defects, such as disclination lines in nematic liquid crystals, are fundamental to many physical systems and applications. In this work, we study the behavior of nematic disclinations in thin parallel-plate geometries with strong patterned planar anchoring. Building on prior models, we solve both the forward problem-predicting disclination trajectories from given surface patterns-and an extended inverse problem-designing surface patterns to produce a tunable family of disclination ...
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作者：Bender, Andrew; Zhao, Chong; Vogel, Edward; Awh, Edward; Voytek, Bradley
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作者：Goutte, Sandra; Boissinot, Stephane
作者单位：New York University; New York University Abu Dhabi; New York University; New York University Abu Dhabi
摘要：Color polymorphism can influence the evolutionary fate of cryptic species because it increases populations' chances of survival in heterogenous or variable environments. Yet, little is known about the molecular and evolutionary mechanisms underlying the persistence of cryptic color polymorphisms, or the impact these polymorphisms have on the macroevolutionary dynamics of lineages. Here, we examine the evolutionary history of the most widespread cryptic color polymorphism in anurans, involving ...
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作者：Shen, Fan; Li, Linjie; Yang, Dongchun; Tang, Zhexiao; Zhang, Lu; Liu, Kefang; Hou, Wenzhe; Lu, Zhuozhuang; Fang, Jing - Yuan; Qi, Jianxun; Zhao, Xin; Gao, George F.
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Microbiology, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Institute of Process Engineering, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Chinese Center for Disease Control & Prevention; National Institute for Viral Disease Control & Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control & Prevention
摘要：In eukaryotic systems, three major types of cell junctions have been well characterized. While bacterial adhesion mechanisms also exhibit remarkable diversity, the molecular processes that regulate the dynamic modulation of binding strength between elongated bacterial cells and host cells remain poorly understood. Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) utilizes the surface adhesin CbpF to interact with the highly expressed host receptors CEACAM1 and CEACAM5 on cancer cells to facilitate tumor ...
