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作者：Kojima, Fuhito; Sun, Ning; Yu, Ning Neil
作者单位：Stanford University; Nanjing Audit University; Nanjing Audit University; Stanford University
摘要：Studying job matching in a Kelso-Crawford framework, we consider arbitrary constraints imposed on sets of doctors that a hospital can hire. We characterize all constraints that preserve the substitutes condition (for all revenue fiaictions that satisfy the substitutes condition), a critical condition on hospitals' revenue functions for well-behaved competitive equilibria. A constraint preserves the substitutes condition if and only if it is a generalized interval constraint, which specifies th...
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作者：Armand, Alex; Atwell, Paul; Gomes, Joseph E.
作者单位：Universidade Nova de Lisboa; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Universite Catholique Louvain; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：We examine the role of FM radio in mitigating violent conflict. We collect original data on radio broadcasts encouraging defections during the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) insurgency. This constitutes the first quantitative evaluation of an active counterinsurgency policy that encourages defections through radio messages. Exploiting random topography-driven variation in radio coverage along with panel variation at the grid-cell level, we identify the causal effect of messaging on violence. Bro...
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作者：Becker, Sascha O.; Grosfeld, Irena; Grosjean, Pauline; Voigtlander, Nico; Zhuravskaya, Ekaterina
作者单位：Monash University; University of Warwick; Paris School of Economics; University of New South Wales Sydney; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of London; University College London
摘要：We study the long-run effects of forced migration on investment in education. After World War II, millions of Poles were forcibly uprooted from the Kresy territories of eastern Poland and resettled (primarily) in the newly acquired Western Territories, from which the Germans were expelled. We combine historical censuses with newly collected survey data to show that, while there were no pre-WWII differences in educational attainment, Poles with a family history of forced migration are significa...
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作者：Mattauch, Linus; Matthews, H. Damon; Millar, Richard; Rezai, Armon; Solomon, Susan; Venmans, Frank
作者单位：University of Oxford; Concordia University - Canada; Vienna University of Economics & Business; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Mons; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Lemoine and Rudik (2017) argues that it is efficient to delay reducing carbon emissions, due to supposed inertia in the climate system's response to emissions. This conclusion rests upon misunderstanding the relevant earth system modeling: there is no substantial lag between CO2 emissions and warming. Applying a representation of the earth system that captures the range of responses seen in complex earth system models invalidates the original article's implications for climate policy. The leas...
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作者：Millner, Antony
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
摘要：The -long-run social discount rate has an enormous effect on the value of climate mitigation, infrastructure projects, and other long-term public policies. Its value is however highly contested, in part because of normative disagreements about social time preferences. I develop a theory of nondogmatic social planners, who are insecure in their current normative judgments and entertain the possibility that they may change. Although each nondogmatic planner advocates an idiosyncratic theory of i...
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作者：Eliaz, Kfir; Spiegler, Ran
作者单位：Tel Aviv University; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; University of London; University College London
摘要：We formalize the argument that political disagreements can be traced to a clash of narratives. Drawing on the Bayesian Networks literature, we represent a narrative by a causal model that maps actions into consequences, weaving a selection of other random variables into the story. Narratives generate beliefs by interpreting long-run correlations between these variables. An equilibrium is defined as a probability distribution over narrative-policy pairs that maximize a representative agent's an...
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作者：De Chaisemartin, Clement; D'Haultfoeuille, Xavier
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris
摘要：Linear regressions with period and group fixed effects are widely used to estimate treatment effects. We show that they estimate weighted sums of the average treatment effects (ATE) in each group and period, with weights that may be negative. Due to the negative weights, the linear regression coefficient may for instance be negative while all the ATEs are positive. We propose another estimator that solves this issue. In the two applications we revisit, it is significantly different from the li...
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作者：Sonmez, Tayfun; Unver, M. Utku; Yenmez, M. Bumin
作者单位：Boston College; Deakin University
摘要：Over the last 15 years, kidney exchange has become a mainstream paradigm to increase transplants. However, compatible pairs do not participate, and full benefits from exchange can be realized only if they do. We propose incentivizing compatible pairs to participate in exchange by insuring their patients against future renal failure via increased priority in deceased-donor queue. We analyze equity and welfare benefits of this scheme through a new dynamic continuum model. We calibrate the model ...
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作者：Ganong, Peter; Noel, Pascal
摘要：We exploit variation in mortgage modifications to disentangle the impact of reducing long-term obligations with no change in short-term payments (wealth), and reducing short-term payments with no change in long-term obligations (liquidity). Using regression discontinuity and difference-in-differences research designs with, administrative data measuring default and consumption, we find that principal reductions that increase wealth without affecting liquidity have no effect, white maturity exte...
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作者：Bach, Laurent; Calvet, Laurent E.; Sodini, Paolo
作者单位：ESSEC Business School; Universite Catholique de Lille; EDHEC Business School; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Stockholm School of Economics
摘要：We investigate wealth returns on an administrative panel containing the disaggregated balance sheets of Swedish residents. The expected return on household net wealth is strongly persistent, determined primarily by systematic risk, and increasing in net worth, exceeding the risk-free rate by the size of the equity premium for households in the top 0.01 percent. Idiosyncratic risk is transitory but generates substantial long-term dispersion in returns in top brackets. Systematic and idiosyncrat...
