Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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• Arf1 and ARFGEF2/Sec71 control neuroblast polarity by anchoring nonmuscle myosin II AI翻译
  作者：Gujar, Mahekta R.; Tan, Ye Sing; Gao, Yang; Wang, Hongyan
  作者单位：National University of Singapore; National University of Singapore; National University of Singapore
  摘要：Neural stem cells (NSCs) can self- renew and undergo differentiation via asymmetric division. Dysregulation in the balance between self- renewal and differentiation can lead to tumor formation or neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the regulation localization during asymmetric division in dividing cells is not well established. Here, we show that the Golgi proteins Arf1 and ARFGEF2/Sec71 control asymmetric division of Drosophila NSCs by facilitating the localization of myosin II regulatory ...
• FAO-fueled OXPHOS and NRF2mediated stress resilience in MICs drive lymph node metastasis AI翻译
  作者：Li, Shan-Shan; Zhang, Baifeng; Huang, Cuicui; Fu, Yuying; Zhao, Yuying; Gong, Lanqi; Tan, Yanan; Wang, Huali; Chen, Wenqi; Luo, Jie; Zhang, Yu; Ma, Stephanie; Fu, Li; Liu, Chenli; Huang, Jiandong; Ju, Huai-Qiang; Lee, Anne Wing-Mui; Guan, Xin-Yuan
  作者单位：University of Hong Kong; Advanced Energy Science & Technology Guangdong Laboratory; University of Hong Kong; State Key Lab Oncology South China; Sun Yat Sen University; University of Hong Kong; Shenzhen University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, CAS
  摘要：Metastasis is an inefficient process requiring cancer cells to adapt metabolically for survival and colonization in new environments. The contributions of tumor metabolic reprogramming to lymph node (LN) metastasis and its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Through single-cell RNA sequencing, we identified rare metastasis-initiating cells (MICs) with stem-like properties that drive early LN metastasis. Integrated transcriptome, lipidomic, metabolomic, and functional analyses demonstrated th...
• Biphasic mechanochemistry of single-chain polymerization AI翻译
  作者：Chakraborty, Udit Kumar; Yang, Muwen; Baral, Susil; Liu, Chunming; Chen, Anqi; Chen, Peng
  作者单位：Cornell University; California Institute of Technology; Illinois State University; University System of Ohio; University of Akron
  摘要：Mechanical forces can induce chemical reactions, produce chemical signals, and alter reaction kinetics. Here, using magnetic tweezers-based single-molecule force spectroscopy, we study the force effects on the ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of single-polymer chains, during which nonequilibrium conformational entanglements can form and unravel stochastically. We find a surprising, biphasic force dependence of polymerization kinetics: The single-chain polymerization rate initially...
• Tetrapod species-area relationships across the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction AI翻译
  作者：Close, Roger Adam; Reijenga, Bouwe Rutger
  作者单位：University of Oxford
  摘要：Mass extinctions are rare but catastrophic events that profoundly disrupt biodiversity. Widely accepted consequences of mass extinctions, such as biodiversity loss and the appearance of temporary disaster taxa, imply that species-area relationships (SARs, or how biodiversity scales with area) should change dramatically across these events: Specifically, both the slope (the rate of accumulation of new species with increasing area) and intercept (the density of species at local scales) of the po...
• Revealing the roles of the solid-electrolyte interphase in designing stable, fast- charging, low- temperature Li- ion batteries AI翻译
  作者：Tao, Lei; Zhang, Hanrui; Shah, Sameep Rajubhai; Yang, Xixian; Lai, Jianwei; Guo, Yanjun; Russell, Joshua A.; Xia, Dawei; Min, Jungki; Huang, Weibo; Shi, Chenguang; Liang, Zhaohui; Yu, Deyang; Hwang, Sooyeon; Xiong, Hui; Madsen, Louis A.; Zhao, Kejie; Shi, Feifei; Lin, Feng
  作者单位：Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Purdue University System; Purdue University; Purdue University in Indianapolis; Boise State University; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Brookhaven National Laboratory; Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University; Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
  摘要：Designing the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) is critical for stable, fast-charging, low-temperature Li-ion batteries. Fostering a fluorinated interphase, SEI enriched with LiF, has become a popular design strategy. Although LiF possesses low Li-ion conductivity, many studies have reported favorable battery performance with fluorinated SEIs. Such a contradiction suggests that optimizing SEI must extend beyond chemical composition design to consider spatial distributions of different chemica...
• Large-scale combination screens reveal small-molecule sensitization of antibiotic-resistant gram-negative ESKAPE pathogens AI翻译
  作者：Tse, Megan W.; Zhu, Meilin; Peters, Benjamin; Hamami, Efrat; Chen, Julie; Davis, Kathleen P.; Nitz, Samuel; Weller, Juliane; Warrier, Thulasi; Hunt, Diana K.; Morales, Yoelkys; Kawate, Tomohiko; Gaulin, Jeffrey L.; Come, Jon H.; Hernandez-Bird, Juan; Huo, Wenwen; Neisewander, Isabelle; Yu, Xiao; Aceves-Salvador, Jose A.; Kiessling, Laura L.; Hung, Deborah T.; Mecsas, Joan; Aldridge, Bree B.; Isberg, Ralph R.; Blainey, Paul C.
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Tufts University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Tufts University
  摘要：Antibiotic resistance, especially in multidrug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens, remains a worldwide problem. Combination antimicrobial therapies may be an important strategy to overcome resistance and broaden the spectrum of existing antibiotics. However, this strategy is limited by the ability to efficiently screen large combinatorial chemical spaces. Here, we deployed a high-throughput combinatorial screening platform, DropArray, to evaluate the interactions of over 30,000 compounds with up to 22...
• Global phase diagram of D-wave superconductivity in the square-lattice t-J model AI翻译
  作者：Chen, Feng; Haldane, F. D. M.; Sheng, D. N.
  作者单位：California State University System; California State University Northridge; Princeton University
  摘要：The Hubbard and closely related t-J models are exciting platforms for unconventional superconductivity (SC). Through state-of-the-art density matrix renormalization group calculations using the grand canonical ensemble, we address open issues regarding the ground-state phase diagram of the extended t-J model on a square lattice in the parameter regime relevant to cuprate superconductors. On large 8-leg cylinders, we demonstrate that the pure t-J model with only nearest-neighbor hoppings and su...
• ANGPTL3/8 is an atypical unfoldase that regulates intravascular lipolysis by catalyzing unfolding of lipoprotein lipase AI翻译
  作者：Kumari, Anni; Larsen, Sanne W. R.; Bondesen, Signe; Qian, Yuewei; Tian, Hao D.; Walker, Sydney G.; Davies, Brandon S. J.; Remaley, Alan T.; Young, Stephen G.; Konrad, Robert J.; Jorgensen, Thomas J. D.; Ploug, Michael
  作者单位：University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen University Hospital; Rigshospitalet; University of Copenhagen; University of Southern Denmark; Eli Lilly; Lilly Research Laboratories; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (NHLBI); University of Iowa; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
  摘要：Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) carries out the lipolytic processing of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) along the luminal surface of capillaries. LPL activity is regulated by the angiopoietin-like proteins (ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4, ANGPTL8), which control the delivery of TRL-derived lipid nutrients to tissues in a temporal and spatial fashion. This regulation of LPL mediates the partitioning of lipid delivery to adipose tissue and striated muscle according to nutritional status. A complex between ANGPT...
• Agriculture's impact on water-energy balance varies across climates AI翻译
  作者：Zaerpour, Masoud; Hatami, Shadi; Papalexiou, Simon Michael; Pietroniro, Alain; Nazemi, Ali
  作者单位：University of Calgary; Universidade de Sao Paulo; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague; Concordia University - Canada
  摘要：Agriculture is a cornerstone of global food production, accounting for a substantial portion of water withdrawals worldwide. As the world's population grows, so does the demand for water in agriculture, leading to alterations in regional water-energy balances. We present an approach to identify the influence of agriculture on the water-energy balance using empirical data. We explore the departure from the Budyko curve for catchments with agricultural expansion and their associations with chang...
• Order-disorder transition in multidirectional crowds AI翻译
  作者：Bacik, Karol A.; Sobota, Grzegorz; Bacik, Bogdan S.; Rogers, Tim
  作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Bath
  摘要：One of the archetypal examples of active flows is a busy concourse crossed by people moving in different directions according to their personal destinations. When the crowd is isotropic-comprising individuals moving in all different directions-the collective motion is disordered. In contrast, if it is possible to identify two dominant directions of motion, for example in a corridor, the crowd spontaneously organizes into contraflowing lanes or stripes. In this article, we characterize the phys...