Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

最新文章

• Spatiotemporal mapping of alloy mesostructure dynamics via multimodal coherent X-ray diffraction imaging AI翻译
  作者：Takazawa, Shuntaro; Ninomiya, Kakeru; Ha, Minh-Quyet; Vu, Tien-Sinh; Sasaki, Yuhei; Abe, Masaki; Uematsu, Hideshi; Okawa, Naru; Ishiguro, Nozomu; Ozaki, Kyosuke; Hatsui, Takaki; Hoshino, Taiki; Nishibori, Maiko; Dam, Hieu-Chi; Takahashi, Yukio
  作者单位：Tohoku University; Tohoku University; RIKEN; Tohoku University; Japan Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (JAIST); Tohoku University
  摘要：Understanding mesoscale structural dynamics of precipitation-strengthened alloys is essential for optimizing the mechanical performances of these alloys. Herein, we establish a multimodal coherent X-ray diffraction imaging framework for spatiotemporal mapping of mesoscale structural dynamics in precipitation-strengthened alloys. As a demonstrative application, we visualized the structural evolution in Mg97Zn1Gd2 during isothermal annealing at 700 K, revealing real-time dynamics of nucleation, ...
• Pseudouridine prevalence in Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus transcriptome reveals an essential mechanism for viral replication AI翻译
  作者：Mottram, Timothy J.; Harper, Katherine L.; Vasconcelos, Elton J. R.; Whitehouse, Adrian
  作者单位：University of Leeds; University of Leeds; University of Leeds; Rhodes University
  摘要：Pseudouridylation is a prevalent RNA modification occurring in transfer RNAs (tRNAs), ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), small non-coding RNAs (snoRNAs), and has been most recently identified in mRNAs and lncRNAs. Emerging evidence suggests that this dynamic RNA modification is implicated in altering gene expression by regulating RNA stability, modulating translation elongation, and modifying amino acid substitution rates. However, the role of pseudouridylation in infection is poorly understood. Herein, ...
• Disentanglement of prosodic meaning: Toward a framework for the analysis of nonverbal information in speech AI翻译
  作者：Biron, Tirza; Barboy, Moshe; Ben-Artzy, Eran; Golubchik, Alona; Marmor, Yanir; Marron, Assaf; Szekely, Smadar; Winter, Yaron; Harel, David
  作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science
  摘要：We propose a theoretical framework and a cost-effective automated method for the interpretation of prosodic messages (e.g., chunking of information, emphasis, conversation action, emotion). At the core of the proposal is a hierarchy of layered prosodic messages that co-occur within the same intonation unit (0.5 to 2 s long). Motivated by this hierarchy, a procedure for the differential detection of three such co-occurring nonverbal messages is then described. In way of implementation, we produ...
• From simplicity to complexity: A path to innovation in science and art AI翻译
  作者：Goldstein, Joseph L.
  作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
• Extracellular salt bridge networks around S4 implicated in HCN channel gating and heart disease AI翻译
  作者：Ryu, Kaei; Kasuya, Go; Nakajo, Koichi
  作者单位：Jichi Medical University
  摘要：The hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel is a voltage-gated cation channel that plays a crucial role in regulating cellular excitability, especially cardiac pacemaker cells and neurons. Its dysregulation is linked to heart diseases such bradycardia and neurological disorders such as epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, and neuropathic pain. Structural and functional studies have revealed that the S4 voltage sensor the HCN channel moves downward during hyperpolarization. ...
• Fatty acid 2-hydroxylase facilitates rotavirus uncoating and endosomal escape AI翻译
  作者：Li, Enkai; Zang, Ruochen; Kawagishi, Takahiro; Zhang, Wei; Iyer, Kruthika; Hou, Gaopeng; Zeng, Qiru; Meganck, Rita M.; Ross, Susan R.; Wang, Xin; Su, Xiong; Ding, Siyuan
  作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Shandong University; University of Osaka; Washington University (WUSTL); University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; Hainan University; Hainan University; Soochow University - China
  摘要：Despite the clinical significance of many nonenveloped viruses, the molecular mechanisms of their internalization and membrane penetration are not well understood. Rotaviruses (RVs) are nonenveloped double- stranded RNA viruses and the leading cause of severe dehydrating diarrhea in infants and young children. We identified fatty acid 2- hydroxylase (encoded by FA2H) in the fatty acid 2- hydroxylation pathway as a proviral gene that supports RV infection. Genetic ablation of FA2H interfered wi...
• AhR signaling in skin-resident CD207+cells is involved in UV-B-induced amelioration of neuroinflammation AI翻译
  作者：Mykicki, Nadine; Eble, Johannes A.; Weighardt, Heike; Gonnelli, Elena; Schneeweiss, Maria; Esser, Charlotte; Weishaupt, Carsten; Rezaei, Maryam; Foerster, Irmgard; Schwab, Nicholas; Wiendl, Heinz; Clausen, Bjoern E.; Meuth, Sven G.; Loser, Karin
  作者单位：Carl von Ossietzky Universitat Oldenburg; University of Munster; University of Bonn; University of Munster; Leibniz Association; Leibniz Institut fur Umweltmedizinische Forschung (IUF); University of Munster; University of Munster; University of Freiburg; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf
  摘要：Environmental stimuli, including the exposure to ultraviolet (UV)-B light, are known to play a role in the modulation of immune-mediated mechanisms in multiple sclerosis (MS). In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), we have shown that UV-B irradiation ameliorates disease outcome by regulatory T cells (Treg) expansion. Moreover, the UV-B-mediated induction of Treg numbers was also observed in MS. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) can be activated by environmental factors including...
• 12/15-lipoxygenase orchestrates murine wound healing via PPARγ-activating oxylipins acting holistically to dampen inflammation AI翻译
  作者：Thomas, Christopher P.; Tyrrell, Victoria J.; Burston, James J.; Johnson, Sam R. C.; Aldrovandi, Maceler; Alvarez-Jarreta, Jorge; Inglis, Rossa; Leonard, Adam; Fice, Lydia; Costales, Jeremie; Vidal-Puig, Antonio; Protty, Majd; Guy, Carol; Andrews, Robert; Szomolay, Barbara; Cossins, Ben C.; Figueras, Ana Cardus; Carobbio, Stefania; Jones, Simon A.; O'Donnell, Valerie B.
  作者单位：Cardiff University; Cardiff University; Cardiff University; Prince Felipe Research Center; Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Addenbrooke's Hospital; University of Cambridge
  摘要：12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX, Alox15) generates bioactive oxygenated lipids during inflammation, however its homeostatic role(s) in normal healing are unclear. Here, the role of 12/15-LOX in resolving skin wounds was elucidated, focusing on how its lipids act together in physiologically relevant amounts. In mice, wounding caused acute appearance of 12/15-LOX-expressing macrophages and stem cells, coupled to early generation of similar to 12 monohydroxy-oxylipins and enzymatically oxidized pho...
• Chants across seven traditions share acoustic traits that enhance subjective relaxation AI翻译
  作者：Canessa-Pollard, Valentina; Anikin, Andrey; Reby, David
  作者单位：University of Chichester; Lund University; Institut Universitaire de France
  摘要：For over 5,000 y, chanting has been practiced across many Western and Eastern traditions. However, there is hardly any empirical research on 1) whether chants from across the globe share common acoustic properties, 2) whether these acoustic features make them distinct from other human vocalizations, and 3) the extent to which they may positively impact listeners' well-being. Here, we collected 242 chants belonging to seven distinct traditions and associated with a wide range of language famili...
• Abiotic synthesis during the interaction of ferrous chloride-rich silicic fluids with marble under high-grade metamorphic conditions AI翻译
  作者：Fei, Chenhui; Guo, Shun; Li, Yibing; Liu, Jingbo
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geology & Geophysics, CAS; Zhejiang Ocean University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS
  摘要：Ferrous chloride-rich silicic fluid and melt infiltration led to the decarbonation of dolomitic marble in the Chinese Sulu ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic terrain under temperatures ranging from 670 to 800 degrees C, pressures from the aragonite + albite to calcite stability fields and the oxygen fugacities between the hematite-magnetite and pyrite-pyrrhotite-magnetite buffers, resulting in the formation of olivine marble and diopsidite. The inclusions in zircons trapped during the decarbonatio...