Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

最新文章

• Ultradian rhythms of CRHPVN neuron activity, behavior, and stress hormone secretion AI翻译
  作者：Zheng, Shaojie; Focke, Caroline M. B.; Young, Calvin K.; Tripp, Isaac; Ganeshan, Dharshini; Power, Emmet M.; Schwenke, Daryl O.; Herbison, Allan E.; Kim, Joon S.; Iremonger, Karl J.
  作者单位：University of Otago; University of Otago; University of Cambridge
  摘要：The stress axis is always active, even in the absence of any threat. This manifests as hourly pulses of corticosteroid stress hormone secretion over the day. Corticotropin- releasing control both the neuroendocrine stress axis as well as stress- associated behaviors. However, it is currently unclear how the resting activity of these neurons is coordinated with both spontaneous behavior and ultradian pulses of corticosteroid secretion. To ity in Crh- Ires- Cre mice and a newly generated line of...
• Sound- evoked tonic motility of cochlear outer hair cells in mice with stereociliary defects AI翻译
  作者：Dewey, James B.
  作者单位：University of Southern California
  摘要：Mammalian hearing sensitivity depends on the amplification of sound-induced cochlear vibrations by outer hair cells (OHCs). OHCs transduce deflections of their stereociliary bundles into receptor potentials that drive changes in cell length. While fast, phasic OHC length changes are thought to generate the forces that underlie cochlear amplification, OHCs also exhibit large tonic length changes in response to sound. These tonic length changes could theoretically arise from asymmetries in the m...
• The intensification of the strongest nor'easters AI翻译
  作者：Chen, Kevin; Li, Xueke; Weaver, Mackenzie M.; Christiansen, Shannon A.; Horton, Annabelle L.; Mann, Michael E.
  作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：Nor'easters are coastal extratropical cyclones that feed upon both thermal contrasts (meridional and land-ocean) and oceanic latent heat release, causing them to intensify along the U.S. East Coast. With central pressures that sometimes rival those of tropical cyclones, they represent a significant coastal hazard and are often associated with strong winds, heavy snowfall, disruption, and damage. While interest in studying the impacts of climate change on storm behavior is growing, nor'easters ...
• Inactivation of PI3K-C2α deregulates cell death pathways and sensitizes to endotoxic shock AI翻译
  作者：Posor, York; Conduit, Sarah E.; Pearce, Wayne; Morelli, Daniele; Constantinou, Georgia; Whitehead, Maria; Sebire, Neil J.; Scudamore, Cheryl L.; Peltzer, Nieves; Walczak, Henning; Vanhaesebroeck, Bart
  作者单位：University of London; University College London; Leibniz Association; Leibniz Forschungsinstitut furr Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP); University of London; University College London; University of Cologne; University of Cologne; University of Stuttgart; University of Cologne
  摘要：The organismal roles of the class II PI3K isoform PI3K-C2 alpha remain poorly understood. Recent studies have found PI3K-C2 alpha to promote arterial thrombosis and breast cancer metastasis, generating interest in this kinase as a drug target, with small molecule PI3K-C2 alpha inhibitors now available. However, the consequences of systemic PI3K-C2 alpha inactivation in the nondiseased, postnatal state are largely unknown. Here, we show that induction of genetic PI3K-C2 alpha inactivation in ad...
• An enzyme-based approach for highly efficient self-replication of DNA origami dimers AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Lei; Sha, Ruojie; Chaikin, Paul
  作者单位：New York University; New York University
  摘要：Self- replication and exponential growth are essential to all living things, the driving force for Darwinian evolution, and potentially useful in nanotechnology for large- scale production of nanoscopic materials. An artificial (nonliving) self- replication system has been shown to exhibit exponential growth and selection using DNA monomer origami tiles templated on a dimer seed. That system purposefully avoided the use of enzymes to get a hint of how self- replication might have evolved in a ...
• Herbarium specimens reveal a constrained seasonal climate niche despite diverged annual climates across a wildflower clade AI翻译
  作者：Bontrager, Megan; Worthy, Samantha J.; Cacho, N. Ivalu; Leventhal, Laura; Maloof, Julin N.; Gremer, Jennifer R.; Schmitt, Johanna; Strauss, Sharon Y.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of Toronto; University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; Carnegie Institution for Science; Stanford University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Davis
  摘要：Quantifying species' niches across a clade reveals how environmental tolerances evolve, and offers insights into present and future distributions. We use herbarium specimens to explore climate niche evolution across 14 annual species of the Streptanthus (s.l.) clade (Brassicaceae), which originated in deserts and diversified into cooler, moister areas. To understand how climate niches evolved, we used historical climate records to estimate each species' 1) classic annual climate niche, average...
• The growth and collapse of autonomy at work AI翻译
  作者：Mujcic, Redzo; Oswald, Andrew J.
  作者单位：University of Warwick; University of Warwick; University of Oxford
  摘要：Humans hate being monitored. Autonomy is prized-including by research scientists. Yet little is known about a fundamental issue in the modern world: What is happening to job autonomy in today's workplaces as people move from youth on to middle age and then on to older ages? It would be natural to believe that individuals in the second half of their careers would be the senior ones with high autonomy. We provide evidence that such a belief is wrong. This study uses longitudinal data on hundreds...
• How to tackle the looming challenge of solar PV panel recycling AI翻译
  作者：Xia, Siyou; Yang, Yu; Poon, Jessie P. H.
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geographic Sciences & Natural Resources Research, CAS; State University of New York (SUNY) System; SUNY Delhi; University at Buffalo, SUNY; Beijing Normal University
• Fine structural design of 3βHSD1 inhibitors for prostate cancer AI翻译
  作者：He, Dongyin; Zhang, Luyao; Yu, Leiye; Zhang, Yuhang; Chen, Jingjing; Wang, Leibo; Hu, Haoran; Liu, Hongyu; Zheng, Hong; Xia, Jixin; Chen, Jiahui; Li, Chenhui; Li, Xin; Tang, Huiru; Liu, Jia; Ren, Ruobing; Hu, Youhong; Li, Zhenfei
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, CAS; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Fudan University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Fudan University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Nutrition & Health, CAS; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, CAS; Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS
  摘要：Prostate cancer is a global health challenge, particularly for patients resistant to the second-generation anti-androgen receptor pathway inhibitors. The steroidogenic enzyme 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (3 beta HSD1) has emerged as a promising therapeutic target and the corresponding inhibitors, biochanin-A (BCA) and its derivatives, suppress tumor growth in preclinical models and patients. However, the poor oral bioavailability of BCA hinders its clinical application. Here, we ...
• Institutions of public judgment established by social contract AI翻译
  作者：Kessinger, Taylor A.; Plotkin, Joshua B.
  作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：Indirect reciprocity is a compelling explanation for stable cooperation in a large society: Those who cooperate appropriately earn a good standing, so that others are more likely to cooperate with them. However, this mechanism requires a population to agree on who has good standing and who has bad standing. Consensus can be provided by a central institution that monitors and broadcasts reputations. But how might such an institution be maintained, and how can a population ensure that it is effe...