Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

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• Previous epidemiological studies support the idea of ileal microbiota triggering multiple sclerosis AI翻译
  作者：Simka, Marian
  作者单位：University of Opole
• Bistable random momentum transfer in a linear on- chip resonator AI翻译
  作者：Gu, Tingyi; Chang, Lorry; Wu, Jiagui; Wu, Lijun; Lee, Hwaseob; Chen, Young-Kai; Rahim, Masudur; Dong, Po; Wong, Chee Wei
  作者单位：University of Delaware; Columbia University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Brookhaven National Laboratory
  摘要：Optical switches and bifurcation rely on the nonlinear response of materials. Here, we demonstrate linear temporal bifurcation responses in a passive multimode microresonator, with strongly coupled chaotic and whispering gallery modes (WGMs). In micro-disks, the chaotic modes exhibit broadband transfer within the deformed cavities, but their transient response is less explored and yields a random output of the analog signal distributed uniformly from 0 to 1. Here, we build chaotic states by pe...
• Spirandelli et al., Exotic self-assembly of hard spheres in a morphometric solvent (vol 121, e2314959121, 2024) AI翻译
  作者：Spirandelli, Ivan; Coles, Rhoslyn; Friesecke, Gero; Evans, Myfanwy E.
• Mutualism between degraders and nondegraders stabilizes the function of a natural biopolymer- degrading community AI翻译
  作者：Liu, Liang; Tian, Changfu; Wang, Miaoxiao; Luo, Ying; Huang, Yaru; Jiang, Tingting; Zhao, Hongwen; Yu, Qijun; Wang, Entao; Yang, Jinshui; Yuan, Hongli
  作者单位：China Agricultural University; China Agricultural University; China Agricultural University; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science & Technology (EAWAG); Instituto Politecnico Nacional - Mexico
  摘要：Natural biopolymer-degrading microbial communities drive carbon biogeochemical cycling. Within these communities, polymer degraders facilitate the growth of non-degraders by breaking down polymers through extracellular enzymes. However, the contributions of nondegraders to community dynamics, as well as the mechanisms that limit their access to degradation products, remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate EMSD5, a lignocellulose-degrading microbial community that efficiently converts co...
• SHANK2 establishes auditory hair bundle architecture essential for mammalian hearing AI翻译
  作者：Choi, Han Seul; Park, Hyeyoung; Min, Hyehyun; Kim, Kwan Soo; Kim, Soo Min; Li, Jinan; Liu, Chang; Ko, Hyuk Wan; Lee, Min Goo; Song, Lei; Zhao, Bo; Bok, Jinwoong
  作者单位：Yonsei University; Yonsei University Health System; Yonsei University; Yonsei University Health System; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; Yonsei University; Yonsei University; Yonsei University Health System; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Yonsei University; Yonsei University Health System; Yonsei University; Yonsei University Health System
  摘要：The mammalian auditory system relies on the precise architecture of the hair cell stereociliary bundle for effective sound transduction. Each bundle consists of approximately 100 actin-filled stereocilia arranged in a three-row staircase pattern, forming a linear shape in inner hair cells (IHCs) and a V-shape in outer hair cells (OHCs), the latter geometry being a hallmark of the mammalian cochlea. While the initial development from uniformly distributed microvilli into stereociliary bundles i...
• HIF1α mediates circadian regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism and substrate preference in response to time-of-day exercise AI翻译
  作者：Ehrlich, Amy M.; MacGregor, Kirstin A.; Ashcroft, Stephen P.; Small, Lewin; Altintas, Ali; Chibalin, Alexander V.; Anagho-Mattanovich, Matthias; Stocks, Ben; Moritz, Thomas; Treebak, Jonas T.; Zierath, Juleen R.
  作者单位：University of Copenhagen; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet
  摘要：The regulation of metabolism in peripheral tissues is intricately linked to circadian rhythms, with hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF1 alpha) implicated in modulating time-of-day-specific exercise responses. To investigate this relationship, we generated a skeletal muscle-specific HIF1 alpha knockout (KO) mouse model and performed extensive metabolic phenotyping and transcriptomic profiling under both basal conditions and following acute exercise during early rest (ZT3) and active (ZT15) p...
• Preservation bias obscures gradual Ordovician reef evolution AI翻译
  作者：Jeon, Juwan; Li, Qi-Jian; Lee, Jeong-Hyun
  作者单位：Korea University; Korea University; Institute for Basic Science - Korea (IBS); Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Chungnam National University
  摘要：The fossil record often creates an illusion of sudden evolutionary bursts, which may reflect preservation biases rather than actual biological events. The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GOBE) appears to mark the abrupt rise of diverse reef-building metazoans during the late Darriwilian (similar to 460 Ma), seemingly contradicting gradual evolutionary models. Here, we demonstrate this apparent burst is largely an artifact of a global sea-level fall (similar to 475 to 460 Ma) that pr...
• Downward movement of nitrate stimulates losses of soil organic carbon in deeper soil layers AI翻译
  作者：Ju, Xiaotang; Zhang, Chong; Tian, Xue
  作者单位：Hainan University
• A Mycobacterium tuberculosis secreted virulence factor Rv1435c/hsr1 disrupts host snRNP biogenesis AI翻译
  作者：Chauhan, Komal; Datta, Dipanwita; Kapoor, Yogita; Passricha, Nishat; Dutt, Ravi; Arora, Naresh; Das, Mrinmoy; Rao, Kavya; Singh, Lakshyaveer; Gautam, Arunima; Sharma, Raman Deep; Sarkar, Binayak; Yadav, Mohit; Malakar, Basanti; Kalam, Haroon; Saini, Prince; Mehra, Lalita; Das, Prasenjit; Ahuja, Vineet; Singhal, Amit; Nandicoori, Vinay; Kumar, Dhiraj
  作者单位：Department of Biotechnology (DBT) India; International Center for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology (ICGEB); International Center for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi; Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR) - India; CSIR - Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology (CCMB); Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR); Department of Biotechnology (DBT) India; National Institute of Immunology (NII); Indian Institute of Science Education & Research (IISER) - Mohali; All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi; All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi; Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR); A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A*STAR IDL); Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR); A*STAR - Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN)
  摘要：Transcriptional adaptation drives the host responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) the mechanism for which remains unknown. Here, we report a mechanism whereby a secreted Mtb protein interferes with the biogenesis of key spliceosomal components. A ing with the host RNA splicing factors (SFs). Through custom- designed in- cell assays, between Mtb phagosomes and U5 snRNA and SNRPF, key components of the snRNPs. Genetic deletion of Rv1435c/hsr1 reverses the specific exon- skipping events ca...
• High tree diversity exposed to unprecedented macroclimatic conditions even under minimal anthropogenic climate change AI翻译
  作者：Boonman, Coline C. F.; Hoeks, Selwyn; Serra-Diaz, Josep M.; Guo, Wen-Yong; Enquist, Brian J.; Maitner, Brian; Merow, Cory; Svenning, Jens-Christian
  作者单位：Aarhus University; Wageningen University & Research; Radboud University Nijmegen; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Institut Botanic de Barcelona (ICUB); INRAE; AgroParisTech; Universite de Lorraine; East China Normal University; University of Arizona; The Santa Fe Institute; State University System of Florida; University of South Florida; University of Connecticut; University of Connecticut
  摘要：Tree species worldwide face increasing exposure to unprecedented macroclimatic conditions due to anthropogenic climate change, which may trigger biome shifts and ecosystem disruptions. We quantified climate change exposure-shifts to species' currently unoccupied climate zones-for 32,089 tree species globally by 2100, assessing both species-level and local tree diversity risks. On average, 69% of species are predicted experience macroclimatic shifts in at least 10% of their range, while 14% fac...