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作者：Langlois, Thomas A.; Charlton, Julie A.; Goris, Robbe L. T.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Princeton University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：Perceptual judgments of the environment emerge from the concerted activity of neural populations in decision-making areas downstream of the sensory cortex. When the sensory input is ambiguous, perceptual judgments can be biased by prior expectations shaped by environmental regularities. These effects are examples of Bayesian inference, a reasoning method in which prior knowledge is leveraged to optimize uncertain decisions. However, it is not known how decision-making circuits combine sensory ...
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作者：Ahmed, Musahid; Lu, Wenchao
作者单位：United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
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作者：Walter, Justin D.; Beffinger, Michal; Egloff, Pascal; Zimmermann, Iwan; Hurlimann, Lea M.; Ackle, Fabian; Seifert, Matthias; Kobold, Sebastian; vom Berg, Johannes; Seeger, Markus A.
作者单位：University of Zurich; University of Munich; Helmholtz Association; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
摘要：Protein therapeutics such as antibodies require in- depth in vivo characterization during development and consequently account for a large proportion of laboratory animal consumption in the pharmaceutical industry. Currently, antibody candidates are exhaustively tested one- by- one in animal models to determine pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) profiles. The simultaneous analysis of antibody mixtures in single animals, called cassette- dosing, could in principle overcome this bottlen...
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作者：Dai, Rongbo; Wen, Zuozhu; Hong, Haizheng; Browning, Thomas J.; Hu, Xiaohua; Chen, Ze; Liu, Xin; Dai, Minhan; Morel, Francois M. M.; Shi, Dalin
作者单位：Xiamen University; Helmholtz Association; GEOMAR Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research Kiel; Princeton University
摘要：Ocean acidification caused by increasing anthropogenic CO2 is expected to impact marine phytoplankton productivity, yet the extent and even direction of these changes are not well constrained. Here, we investigate the responses of phytoplankton community composition and productivity to acidification across the western North Pacific. Consistent reductions in primary production were observed under acidified conditions in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre and the northern South China Sea, wherea...
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作者：Ji, Wencheng; Ciamarra, Massimo Pica; Wyart, Matthieu
作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science; Nanyang Technological University; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto Superconduttori, Materiali e Dispositivi Innovativi (SPIN-CNR); Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne
摘要：Low-energy excitations play a key role in all condensed-matter systems, yet there is limited understanding of their nature in glasses, where they correspond to local rearrangements of groups of particles. Here, we introduce an algorithm to systematically uncover these excitations up to the activation energy scale relevant to structural relaxation. We use it in a model system to measure the density of states on a scale never achieved before, confirming that this quantity shifts to higher energy...
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作者：Li, Shaowei; Chen, Xi; Xin, Jingxue; Liu, Bowen; Liu, Bo; Hu, Min; Wong, Wing Hung
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University
摘要：Stem cells possess inherent properties of self- renewal and differentiation, and thus hold significant promise for regenerating damaged tissues or replacing lost cells. Unless their therapeutic effects are solely mediated by paracrine, transplanted stem cells need to be highly plastic to adapt to the host tissue environment and differentiate into constituent tissue- specific cells for tissue repair. Stem cells used in current cell- based therapies either have limited differentiation potential ...
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作者：Tempest, Nicola; Soul, Jamie; Hill, Christopher J.; Gutierrez, Eva Caamano; Hapangama, Dharani K.
作者单位：University of Liverpool; University of Liverpool; University of Liverpool
摘要：Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is a devastating condition that leaves many undergoing fertility treatment childless. The human endometrium is receptive to a blastocyst for a brief period, the window of implantation. Critical knowledge underpinning biological processes leading to RIF, essential for effective treatment, is lacking. We employed spatial transcriptomics to define region- and cell- type- specific differences in endometrial gene expression in luteinizing hormone timed biopsies ...
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作者：Waight, Hannah; Yuan, Yin; Roberts, Margaret E.; Stewart, Brandon M.
作者单位：University of Oregon; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Princeton University; Princeton University
摘要：Autocratic governments around the world use clandestine propaganda campaigns to influence the media. We document a decade-long trend in China toward the planting of government-authored articles in party and commercial newspapers. To examine this phenomenon, we develop an approach to identifying scripted propaganda-the coerced reprinting of lightly adapted government-authored articles in newspapers- that leverages the footprints left by the government when making media interventions. We show th...
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作者：Zhang, Zheng; Meng, Yichen; Lin, Tao; Zhang, Zhanrong; Tao, Zhengbo; Yin, Haozan; Yang, Fu; Zhou, Xuhui
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作者：Menefee, Anne; Wiseman, Hannah; Blumsack, Seth; Helbing, Michael
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; The Santa Fe Institute
