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作者：Clark, Cory J.; Jussim, Lee; Frey, Komi; Stevens, Sean T.; al-Gharbi, Musa; Aquino, Karl; Bailey, J. Michael; Barbaro, Nicole; Baumeister, Roy F.; Bleske-Rechek, April; Buss, David; Ceci, Stephen; Giudice, Marco Del; Ditto, Peter H.; Forgas, Joseph P.; Geary, David C.; Geher, Glenn; Haider, Sarah; Honeycutt, Nathan; Joshi, Hrishikesh; Krylov, Anna I.; Loftus, Elizabeth; Loury, Glenn; Lu, Louise; Macy, Michael; Martin, Chris C.; McWhorter, John; Miller, Geoffrey; Paresky, Pamela; Pinker, Steven; Reilly, Wilfred; Salmon, Catherine; Stewart-Williams, Steve; Tetlock, Philip E.; Williams, Wendy M.; Wilson, Anne E.; Winegard, Bo M.; Yancey, George; von Hippel, William
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作者：Ornes, Stephen
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作者：Siqueira-Batista, Rodrigo; Gomez, Felipe
作者单位：Universidade Federal de Vicosa; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC)
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作者：Whetsel, Charles W.; Levine, Joel S.; Hoffman, Stephen J.; Antonsen, Erik L.
作者单位：National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); California Institute of Technology; Aerospace Corporation - USA; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital
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作者：Kalutskii, Maksim; Grubmueller, Helmut; Volkov, Vladimir A.; Igaev, Maxim
作者单位：University of London; Queen Mary University London; University of Dundee
摘要：Microtubules are dynamic cytoskeletal polymers that add and lose tubulin dimers at their ends. Microtubule growth, shortening, and transitions between them are linked to GTP hydrolysis. Recent evidence suggests that flexible tubulin protofilaments at microtubule ends adopt a variety of shapes, complicating structural analysis using conventional techniques. Therefore, the link between GTP hydrolysis, protofilament structure and microtubule polymerization state is poorly understood. Here, we inv...
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作者：Vervust, Wouter; Safaei, Sina; Witschas, Katja; Leybaert, Luc; Ghysels, An
作者单位：Ghent University; Ghent University
摘要：Oxygen is crucial for mitochondrial energy production in neurons and is efficiently stored and transported within the hydrophobic core of phospholipid bilayers. Using a diffusive model derived from molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that oxygen storage in a bilayer follows first-order kinetics, which can be effectively represented by an RC (resistor-capacitor) circuit. For myelin, with multiple bilayers, oxygen transport is modeled through a ladder network of RC circuits, where oxy...
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作者：Hofmann, Valentin; Weissweiler, Leonie; Mortensen, David R.; Schuetze, Hinrich; Pierrehumbert, Janet B.
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Munich; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Oxford
摘要：What mechanisms underlie linguistic generalization in large language models (LLMs)? This question has attracted considerable attention, with most studies analyzing the extent to which the language skills of LLMs resemble rules. As of yet, it is not known whether linguistic generalization in LLMs could equally well be explained as the result of analogy. A key shortcoming of prior research is its focus on regular linguistic phenomena, for which rule-based and analogical approaches make the same ...
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作者：Rick, John W.; Lema, Veronica S.; Echeverria, Javier; Valverde, Giuseppe Alva; Contreras, Daniel A.; Espinoza, Oscar Arias; Rosenfeld, Silvana A.; Sayre, Matthew P.
作者单位：Stanford University; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); National University of Cordoba; Universidad de Santiago de Chile; Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
摘要：Ritual is broadly accepted as an important locus of social interaction in the pre-Hispanic Central Andes, and research into the development of durable sociopolitical inequality in the region often focuses on the social and political roles of public rituals. At the Middle-Late Formative Period (ca. 1200-400 BCE) monumental center of Chav & iacute;n de Hu & aacute;ntar, as well as at contemporary sites, ritual has long been hypothesized to include the use of psychoactive plants. However, neither...
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作者：Chi, Guanghua; Abel, Guy J.; Johnston, Drew; Giraudy, Eugenia; Bailey, Mike
作者单位：University of Hong Kong; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA); Harvard University
摘要：Existing estimates of human migration are limited in their scope, reliability, and timeliness, prompting the United Nations and the Global Compact on Migration to call for improved data collection. Using privacy protected records from three billion Facebook users, we estimate country-to-country migration flows at monthly granularity for 181 countries, accounting for selection into Facebook usage. Our estimates closely match high-quality measures of migration where available but can be produced...
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作者：Cordero, Radames J. B.; de Groh, Kim K.; Dragotakes, Quigly; Singla, Saranshu; Maurer, Christopher; Trunek, Andrew; Chiu, Arlene; Hwang, Jonghyun; Crowell, Sylvie; Benyo, Theresa; Thon, Susanna M.; Rothschild, Lynn J.; Dhinojwala, Ali; Casadevall, Arturo
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Glenn Research Center; University System of Ohio; University of Akron; Johns Hopkins University; Princeton University; Johns Hopkins University; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA)
摘要：Materials in low Earth orbit (LEO) face radiation, atomic oxygen erosion, and extreme temperature fluctuations, which can severely compromise their structural and functional integrity. Developing lightweight, multifunctional materials capable of withstanding these harsh conditions is critical for long-term space exploration and sustainable extraterrestrial settlements. This study evaluates the structural stability and radiation shielding efficacy of polylactic acid (PLA) and biocomposites, inc...
