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作者：Ghosh, Sayak; Ikeda, Matthias S.; Chakraborty, Anzumaan R.; Worasaran, Thanapat; Theuss, Florian; Peralta, Luciano B.; Lozano, P. M.; Kim, Jong-Woo; Thompson, P. J.; Ryan, Philip J.; Ye, Linda; Kapitulnik, Aharon; Kivelson, Steven A.; Ramshaw, B. J.; Fernandes, Rafael M.; Fisher, Ian R.
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Cornell University; Universidad de los Andes (Colombia); United States Department of Energy (DOE); Argonne National Laboratory; University of Liverpool; Stanford University; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR); University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：The iron-based high-Tc superconductors (SCs) exhibit rich phase diagrams with intertwined phases, including magnetism, nematicity, and superconductivity. The superconducting Tc in many of these materials is maximized in the regime of strong nematic fluctuations, making the role of nematicity in influencing the superconductivity a topic of intense research. Here, we use the AC elastocaloric effect (ECE) to map out the phase diagram of Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 near optimal doping. The ECE signature at T...
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作者：Li, Siyu; Lee, Byunguk; Lao, Yichong; Lertwiriyapiti, Sirawit; Huang, Xuhui; Wang, Tina
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Improving the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle enzyme Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) has the potential to increase crop productivity. However, the selectivity of the chaperones mediating Rubisco assembly in vascular plants toward their cognate Rubisco presents a substantive roadblock to both Rubisco protein engineering and transgenic expression of heterologous Rubisco orthologs, both of which necessitate changes to the Rubisco sequence. Here, we ask whether a plant Rubisc...
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作者：Mendana, Alfonso; Santos-Merino, Maria; Gutierrez-Lanza, Raquel; Dominguez-Quintero, Marina; Medina-Mendez, Juan Manuel; Gonzalez-Guerra, Ana; Campa, Victor; Baez, Miguel; Ducos-Galand, Magaly; Lopez-Igual, Rocio; Volke, Daniel C.; Gugger, Muriel; Nikel, Pablo I.; Mazel, Didier; de la Cruz, Fernando; Fernandez-Lopez, Raul
作者单位：Michigan State University; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); University of Sevilla; CSIC - Instituto de Bioquimica Vegetal y Fotosintesis (IBVF); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); Universidad de Cantabria; CSIC - Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnologia de Cantabria (IBBTEC); Pasteur Network; Universite Paris Cite; Institut Pasteur Paris; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Biology (INSB); Technical University of Denmark; Pasteur Network; Universite Paris Cite; Institut Pasteur Paris
摘要：Circadian clocks allow organisms to anticipate daily fluctuations in light and temperature, but how this anticipatory role promotes adaptation to different environments remains poorly understood. Here, we subjected the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 to a long-term evolution experiment under high light, high temperature, and elevated CO2 levels. After 1,200 generations, we obtained a strain exhibiting a 600% increase in growth rate. Whole-genome sequencing revealed three mutati...
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作者：Schofield, Heather
作者单位：Cornell University
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作者：Zhou, Xinying; Spengler, Robert N.; Sayfullaev, Bahediyoh; Mutalibjon, Khasanov; Ma, Jian; Liu, Junchi; Shen, Hui; Zhao, Keliang; Chen, Guanhan; Wang, Jian; Stidham, Thomas A.; Xu, Hai; Zhang, Guilin; Yang, Qingjiang; Hou, Yemao; Ma, Jiacheng; Kambarov, Nasibillo; Jiang, Hongen; Maksudov, Farhod; Goldstein, Steven; Wang, Jianxin; Fuller, Dorian Q.; Li, Xiaoqiang
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology & Paleoanthropology, CAS; Northwest University Xi'an; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Max Planck Society; Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan; Tianjin University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; University of London; University College London
摘要：Scholars are increasingly favoring models for the origins of agriculture that involve a protracted process of increasing interdependence within a series of mutualistic relationships between humans and plants, as opposed to a rapid single event or innovation. Nonetheless, these scholars continue to debate over when people first started foraging for grass seeds, when they began to readily utilize sickles, how prominent the early selection pressures were, and when the first traits of domesticatio...
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作者：Kalakonda, Sudhakar; Nallar, Shreeram C.; Jaber, Sausan; Keay, Susan K.; Rorke, Ellen; Munivenkatappa, Raghava; Lindner, Daniel J.; Fiskum, Gary M.; Kalvakolanu, Dhananjaya V.
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作者：Sun, Yuan; Chen, Han Y. H.; Chen, Xin; Hisano, Masumi; Chen, Xinli; Reich, Peter B.
作者单位：Yancheng Teachers University; Lakehead University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science; Hiroshima University; Zhejiang A&F University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Western Sydney University
摘要：Soil microbial diversity is crucial to sustaining ecosystem productivity and improving carbon sequestration. Global temperature continues to rise, but how climate warming affects microbial diversity and its capacity to sequester soil organic carbon (SOC) remains uncertain. Here, by conducting a global meta-analysis with 251 paired observations from 102 studies, we showed that, on average, warming reduced bacterial and fungal diversity (measured by richness and Shannon index) by 16.0 and 19.7%,...
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作者：Sutcliffe, Catherine; Nandy, Nabarun; Revici, Raluca; Johnson, Heather; Habib, Shukry J.; Ashe, Hilary L.; Wilcockson, Scott G.
作者单位：University of Manchester; Francis Crick Institute
摘要：Progenitor cell dedifferentiation is important for stem cell maintenance during tissue repair and age- related stem cell decline. Here, we use the Drosophila ovary as a model to study the role of cytonemes in bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signaling-directed provide evidence that differentiating germ cell cysts extend longer cytonemes that are more polarized toward the niche during dedifferentiation to reactivate BMP signaling. The presence of additional somatic cells in the niche is associate...
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作者：Tran, Norman; Frenette, Aaron; Holyoak, Todd
作者单位：University of Waterloo
摘要：Immunoglobulin A proteases (IgAPs) are a diverse group of enzymes secreted from bacteria that inhabit human mucosal tissues. These enzymes have convergently evolved to cleave human immunoglobulin A as a means of modulating and evading host immunity. Only two of three known IgAP families have been biochemically characterized beyond their initial discovery. Here, we show using solution-scattering, steady-state kinetic, and crystallographic approaches that the protease from Thomasclavelia ramosa,...
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作者：Goluguri, Rama Reddy; Guhathakurta, Piyali; Nandwani, Neha; Dawood, Aminah; Yokota, Seiji; Roopnarine, Osha; Thomas, David D.; Ruppel, Kathleen M.; Spudich, James A.
作者单位：Stanford University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Stanford University
摘要：In cardiac muscle, myosin molecules exist in multiple structural states as they transit through their ATPase cycle, including an off-cycle resting or OFF-state with their catalytic heads in a folded structure known as the interacting-heads motif (IHM). The blocked head configuration (BHC) of the IHM is unusual because its light chain binding region is held in an exaggerated prestroke angle stabilized by interactions with its own S2 tail. An additional partial OFF-state, where the second head o...
