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作者：Kramer, Brandon L.; Lee, Catherine
作者单位：Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick
摘要：Recent scholarship has highlighted the rise of diversity projects across various educational and business contexts, but few studies have explored the meaning of diversity in biomedical research. In this paper, we employ a computationally driven matching technique to examine quantitative trends in the use of various forms of diversity and population terminology in a sample of nearly two million biomedical abstracts spanning a 30-y period. The curated dictionaries we leverage to detect these tre...
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作者：Ozturk, S. Furkan; Sasselov, Dimitar D.
作者单位：Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; Smithsonian Institution; Harvard University; University of Cambridge
摘要：For centuries, scientists have been puzzled by the mystery of life's biomolecular homochirality-the singlehandedness of biological compounds. Sugars and nucleic acids are right-handed, while amino acids are left-handed in biological systems. Likewise, certain metabolites are homochiral, though their handedness varies. However, efforts to address the homochirality problem have often focused on a single compound, a single molecular class, or invoke an extraterrestrial origin. Here, we emphasize ...
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作者：Wright, Vashan; Morzfeld, Matthias; Manga, Michael
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Scripps Institution of Oceanography; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
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作者：Sugo, Noriyuki; Uchimura, Arikuni; Matsumoto, Risa; Nakayama, Hiro; Fujimoto, Shota; Mizuno, Saya; Higuchi, Mayumi; Toshishige, Masaaki; Satoh, Yasunari; Wakayama, Sayaka; Wakayama, Teruhiko; Yagi, Takeshi
作者单位：University of Osaka; Radiation Effects Research Foundation - Japan; University of Yamanashi
摘要：Somatic mutations in cortical neurons have been implicated in psychiatric disorders. While endogenous DNA damage and repair errors are potential contributors to these mutations during development, the underlying mutagenic mechanism remains unclear. Here, we investigated somatic mutations in immature cortical neurons using mouse somatic cell nuclear transfer-derived embryonic stem cells and whole-genome sequencing. Insertions and deletions (indels) were commonly observed in both repeat and nonr...
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作者：Oide, Hiromu; Kubori, Tomoko; Nagai, Hiroki; Nozawa, Takashi; Nakagawa, Ichiro; Sasai, Miwa; Yamamoto, Masahiro; Arasaki, Kohei
作者单位：Tokyo University of Pharmacy & Life Sciences; Gifu University; Gifu University; Kyoto University; University of Osaka; University of Osaka; University of Osaka
摘要：The interferon (IFN)-inducible GTPases play a crucial role in cell autonomous immunity against intracellular pathogens. Particularly, these GTPases directly recognize the host membrane-derived vacuole containing pathogens and subsequently destroy it. Although it has been revealed that these GTPases target the membrane of Legionella pneumophila (L. pneumophila)-containing vacuole (LCV), molecular mechanism has been totally uncleared. Here, we show that mouse guanylate-binding protein 2 (mGBP2) ...
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作者：Lafuma, Fabien; Renvoise, Elodie; Clavel, Julien; Corfe, Ian J.; Escarguel, Gilles
作者单位：University of Helsinki; Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Biology (INSB); Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Geological Survey of Finland (GTK)
摘要：Morphological change occurs over macroevolutionary timescales under the action of natural selection and genetic drift combined with developmental processes shaping organogenesis. Although determining their relative weight is made difficult by discrepancies between paleontological and neontological data, mammalian tooth morphology may bridge the gap between fossil record and laboratory observations. Fossils indicate that mammals have frequently diversified after evolving molars bearing more cus...
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作者：Cho, Yongick; Jacobs, William M.
作者单位：Princeton University
摘要：Coupling between chemical fuel consumption and phase separation can lead to condensation at a nonequilibrium steady state, resulting in phase behaviors that are not described by equilibrium thermodynamics. Theoretical models of such chemically driven fluids typically invoke near-equilibrium approximations at small length scales. However, because dissipation occurs due to both molecular-scale chemical reactions and mesoscale diffusive transport, it has remained unclear which properties of phase...
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作者：Gozashti, Landen; Nakamoto, Anne; Russell, Shelbi; Corbett-Detig, Russell
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作者：Mildenberger, Matto; Constantino, Sara M.; Mahdavi, Paasha; Bergquist, Parrish; De Roche, Gabriel; Franzblau, Emma; Martinez-Alvarez, Cesar; Sturm, Ingmar
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Stanford University; University of Pennsylvania; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：Climate change caused by carbon pollution from the world's largest economies poses an existential threat to small-island states and territories this century. These places bear virtually no responsibility for climate change but will face sea-level rise, fresh water resource degradation, and intensified storms that will kill or dislocate exposed publics, and damage local economies. To alleviate this crisis, the global community has begun discussing who is responsible for climate mitigation and a...
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作者：Richardson, James A.; Engelstadter, Jan; Letten, Andrew D.
