2期

最新文章

• Implementing the Kunming-Montreal Biodiversity Targets AI翻译
  作者：Gittleman, John L.; Pimm, Stuart L.; Van Rensburg, Berndt J.; Van Houtan, Kyle S.; Roberts, Callum M.
  作者单位：Duke University; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia; University of Pretoria; University of Queensland; University of Pretoria; Palm Beach Atlantic University West Palm Beach; University of Exeter
  摘要：The Kunming-Montreal Biodiversity Targets present the most ambitious and serious conservation agenda ever developed-the overarching goal of preserving 30% of the planet by 2030. An organizational framework is now in place to deliver stable, predictive, and adaptive actions to monitor and measure the Earth's biodiversity, assess ecological and evolutionary changes, identify key drivers of those changes, and, at the core, apply effective scientific, financial, and governmental treatments to halt...
• Immature Caenorhabditis elegans motor neurons control early embryo behavior via both synaptic and nonsynaptic GABA release AI翻译
  作者：Marvel-Coen, James; Ardiel, Evan; Zhao, Jian; Nurrish, Stephen; Kaplan, Joshua M.
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Western Washington University
  摘要：Prenatal brain activity has long lasting efects on subsequent neurodevelopment. It is unclear if early brain activity is dominated by cell intrinsic, synaptic, or nonsynaptic mechanisms. We address this question by analyzing Caenorhabditis elegans embryo behavior in snf-11 mutants, which lack a plasma membrane GABA reuptake pump (orthologous to GAT1). At 510 to 570 min postfertilization, embryo motion was transiently and potently inhibited in snf-11 GAT1 mutants, which precedes formation of mo...
• Distinct PlzC mechanisms integrate chemotaxis and c-di-GMP signaling to regulate Vibrio cholerae motility and biofilm formation AI翻译
  作者：Park, Jin Hwan; Kennedy, Emily N.; Tripathi, Sarvind; Romp, Avery B.; Rubin, Seth M.; Bourret, Robert B.; Yildiz, Fitnat H.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina School of Medicine; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
  摘要：Bacterial motility and biofilm formation are essential for the adaptation and survival of Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera. In many bacterial species, the second messenger c-di-GMP regulates these processes through PilZ domain proteins, however the downstream mechanisms have remained poorly defined. Here, we identify the PilZ domain protein PlzC as a key positive regulator of motility and biofilm formation through distinct mechanisms. A suppressor screen for mutants restoring De...
• Adult neural stem cells mediate hippocampal synapse elimination for circuit homeostasis through MERTK AI翻译
  作者：Qin, Dezhe; Liu, Qiang; Liang, Ziqi; Cai, Hui; Luo, Xing; Wang, Min; Guo, Weixiang
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing Institute of Geology & Paleontology, CAS; Institute of Genetics & Developmental Biology, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS
  摘要：Although radial-like neural stem cells (rNSCs) give rise to functional neurons throughout life in discrete regions of the adult brain, their functions are not limited to neurogenesis. Recent studies indicate that the processes of rNSCs approach and/or wrap synapses. However, the function of these processes at synapses remains unknown. In this study, we report a role for rNSCs in actively engulfing synapses in the adult hippocampus. Mice in which rNSCs lack the phagocytic receptor MERTK exhibit...
• Charting a course for the National Academies and the nation we serve AI翻译
  作者：McNutt, Marcia
  作者单位：National Academies of Sciences, Engineering & Medicine
• Elucidating cooperative genetic events in DCIS progression in mutant p53-driven breast cancer AI翻译
  作者：Morrissey, Rhiannon L.; Mcdaniel, Joy M.; Chau, Gilda P.; Su, Xiaoping; Mitheera, V; Chandra, Vidhi; Dixon, Beverly R. E. A.; El-Naggar, Adel K.; Thompson, Alastair M.; Lozano, Guillermina
  作者单位：University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; Baylor College of Medicine
  摘要：Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a precursor mammary lesion characterized by abnormal epithelial cells in mammary ducts that remain confined to the luminal space. Not all DCIS becomes invasive, and no strategy currently exists in patients to stratify indolent DCIS from DCIS at risk of progression. Several studies of human DCIS and breast cancer suggest that TP53 mutations occur early in DCIS. However, TP53 mutation alone is insufficient for DCIS formation or transformation to invasive diseas...
• Repeated losses of self-fertility shaped heterozygosity and polyploidy in yeast evolution AI翻译
  作者：Vittorelli, Nina; Gomez-Munoz, Cintia; Andriushchenko, Irina; Ollivier, Louis; Agier, Nicolas; Delmas, Stephane; Corbeau, Yann; Achaz, Guillaume; Lagomarsino, Marco Cosentino; Liti, Gianni; Llorente, Bertrand; Fischer, Gilles
  作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Sorbonne Universite; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite PSL; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); College de France; Universite Paris Saclay; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); University of Milan; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Universite Cote d'Azur; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); UNICANCER; Aix-Marseille Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut Paoli-Calmette (IPC)
  摘要：Evolutionary transitions in mating strategy have profound consequences for genetic variation and adaptation. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mating-type switching is a central feature of the life cycle that enables haploid cells to be self-fertile and mate with their own mitotic descendants (homothallism). Yet heterothallic isolates that have lost this ability are found across diverse niches, indicating that this trait is polymorphic. Here, we experimentally characterized loss of mating-type swit...
• Domestication drives repeated evolution of sexual-asexual life cycle trade-offs in yeast AI翻译
  作者：Becerra-Rodriguez, Carmen; Thiele, Pia; Brach, Gauthier; Dutta, Abhishek; Garin, Marion; Tan, Guihong; Loegler, Victor; Friedrich, Anne; Andrews, Brenda; Boone, Charles; Schacherer, Joseph; Hou, Jing
  作者单位：Universites de Strasbourg Etablissements Associes; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Strasbourg; CNRS - National Institute for Biology (INSB); University of Toronto
  摘要：For thousands of years, humans have domesticated animals and cultivated crops by managing reproduction and selecting for desirable traits. In contrast, microbial domestication has often occurred unintentionally, and the variation of life cycle as well as its impact on genome evolution remain poorly understood. Here, we systematically examined life cycle variation across a diverse panel of 771 diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolates from both wild and domesticated lineages. We identified wide...
• Constitutively high levels of endogenous soluble ST2 inhibit food allergic responses in mice AI翻译
  作者：Kojima, Mayuki; Izawa, Kumi; Ando, Tomoaki; Maeda, Keiko; Kaitani, Ayako; Nakano, Nobuhiro; Yamamoto, Risa; Miyazaki, Shunichi; Shinagawa, Mayu; Sasaki, Mio; Kamei, Anna; Maehara, Akie; Negishi, Naoko; Yamada, Hiromichi; Uchida, Shino; Inage, Eisuke; Ohtsuka, Yoshikazu; Nakae, Susumu; Ogawa, Hideoki; Okumura, Ko; Shoji, Hiromichi; Shimizu, Toshiaki; Kitaura, Jiro
  作者单位：Juntendo University; Juntendo University; Juntendo University; Juntendo University; Juntendo University; Hiroshima University
  摘要：IL-33-induced signals via membrane-bound ST2 (ST2L) are critical for allergies. However, the physiological role of endogenous soluble ST2 (sST2) remains elusive. Here, we generated sST2-deficient mice with intact ST2L using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Skin fibroblasts constitutively released sST2 protein at extremely high levels compared to mast cells, which did not reflect the expression levels of sST2 mRNA. This discrepancy can be partly explained by the sST2 protein degradation mediated by mast...
• Effective chilling temperatures for dormancy release in extratropical forest trees increase from cold to warm regions AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Rui; Wang, Fucheng; Zheng, Jinbin; Chen, Lei; Gu, Hongshuang; Zhao, Yu; Fu, Yongshuo; Vitasse, Yann; Chen, Xinli; Hanninena, Heikki; Zohner, Constantin M.; Wu, Jiasheng
  作者单位：Zhejiang A&F University; Zhejiang A&F University; Sichuan University; Beijing Normal University; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow & Landscape Research; University of Bern; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
  摘要：Seasonal dormancy in extratropical trees is a critical adaptation that synchronizes growth with favorable climatic conditions. Traditionally, the effective chilling temperatures (ECT) required for dormancy release have been assumed to be fixed, ranging between 0 and 10 degrees C, based largely on studies in cold climates. However, whether the ECT range varies across diverse climatic regions remains unclear, limiting our ability to predict tree responses to climate change. Here, we quantify ECT...