2期

最新文章

• Pathogen-inspired engineering of plant protease enhances late resistance AI翻译
  作者：Huang, Jie; Penrose, Alice; Carballo, Laura Ossorio; van der Hoorn, Renier A. L.; Raikhel, Natasha
  作者单位：University of Oxford
  摘要：The apoplast is an important battlefield in plant-pathogen interactions. The late blight oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans, for instance, secretes cystatin-like protease inhibitors EpiC1 and EpiC2B to suppress C14, a papain-like immune protease secreted by tomato. Here, we found that P. infestans also secretes two distinct papain-like pro-teases termed Pain1 and Pain2, which are transcriptionally induced during infection. Both Pains promote P. infestans infection, but not when their cat...
• Gender stereotypes across nations relate to the social position of women and men: Evidence from cross-cultural public opinion polls AI翻译
  作者：Nater, Christa; Miller, David I.; Eagly, Alice H.; Sczesny, Sabine
  作者单位：University of Bern; American Institutes for Research; Northwestern University
  摘要：Gender stereotypes, defined as widely shared beliefs about the typical attributes of women and men, have far-reaching consequences for both stereotyped groups. This preregistered research examined cross-cultural variation in gender stereotypes based on public opinion poll data from 1995 (22 nations with 22,000 respondents) and 2023 (40 nations with 4,800 respondents). Results revealed that men were perceived as more agentic than women and women as more communal than men in all studied nations ...
• Prevention of ubiquitination at K6 and K9 in mutant huntingtin exacerbates disease pathology in a knock-in mouse model AI翻译
  作者：Qi, Pengfei; Yu-Taeger, Libo; Han, Hezhou; Zhou, Junbo; Singer-Mikosch, Elisabeth; Casadei, Nicolas; Riess, Olaf; Ziv, Noam E.; Ciechanover, Aaron; Nguyen, Hoa Huu Phuc
  作者单位：Ruhr University Bochum; Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; Technion Israel Institute of Technology; Technion Israel Institute of Technology
  摘要：Huntington disease (HD) is caused by an expansion of the polyglutamine (polyQ) tract in the huntingtin protein (HTT), leading to its misfolding and aggregation. The subcellular localization of mutant HTT (mHTT) aggregates critically influences their neuronal toxicity, with nuclear aggregates contributing more significantly to neurodegeneration than those in the neuropil. Our previous findings demonstrated that site-specific ubiquitination of lysine residues at the positions of K6 and K9 in HTT...
• Catalysts and inhibitors of critical transitions in ecological systems AI翻译
  作者：Yang, Yuguang; Barabas, Gyorgy; Saavedra, Serguei; Li, Aming
  作者单位：Peking University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Linkoping University; HUN-REN; HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research; The Santa Fe Institute; Peking University
  摘要：Ecological systems can experience sudden and often irreversible regime shifts, also known as critical transitions, with major consequences such as desertification, locust outbreaks, and coral reef collapse. Anticipating these shifts is a central challenge, particularly under accelerating climate change. Although early warning signals of critical transitions have been widely studied, the mechanisms that drive or prevent them remain less well understood. Here, we develop a theoretical framework ...
• Cholesterol-containing lipid crystals can directly stiffen the rat steatotic liver before fibrosis AI翻译
  作者：Li, David; Loneker, Abigail E.; Safraou, Yasmine; Ford, Jamie; Mihelc, Elaine; Sakane, Sadatsugu; Kisseleva, Tatiana; Levental, Kandice R.; Levental, Ilya; Sack, Ingolf; Janmey, Paul A.; Wells, Rebecca G.
  作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin; Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Institute of Health; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of Virginia; University of Virginia (UVA) Health System; University of Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania Medicine; University of Pennsylvania
  摘要：Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is characterized by liver steatosis with cardiometabolic risk factors like dyslipidemia. Patients may progress from steatosis alone to complications such as fibrosis, end-stage liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The cause of progression is unclear. We previously showed that liver stiffening can drive fibrosis. However, the mechanical contributions of hepatic lipid and especially cholesterol accumulation are not known. W...
• Cell numbers contribute to cell fate during Ciona cardiopharyngeal mesoderm specification AI翻译
  作者：Singer, Emily; Kim, Haram; Levine, Michael S.; Treen, Nicholas
  作者单位：Princeton University; Princeton University
  摘要：The Ciona heart cell lineage can be accurately traced back to a pair of blastomeres, B7.5 cells, that form at the 64-cell stage. In addition to the adult heart, the B7.5 cells also contribute to two tail muscle cells in the larva, as well as the muscles that form the siphons for pumping water for feeding. Because of the simplicity of this system, we have a good understanding of how the B7.5 derivatives are specified during development. However, we know less about how the Ciona embryo precisely...
• Deep evolutionary conservation of a sex-determining locus without sequence homology AI翻译
  作者：Yu, Chuanxin; Hodapp, Dean; Moog, Safira; Dupont, Simon; Darrouzet, Eric; Valsecchi, Claudia Isabelle Keller; Colgan, Thomas Joseph; Pan, Qiaowei; Darras, Hugo
  作者单位：Max Planck Society; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Universite de Tours; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB); University of Basel; Zhejiang University
  摘要：Sex determination is fundamental to eukaryotic life, yet its molecular basis varies widely across the tree of life. In most animal clades, sex-determining mechanisms are highly diverse and evolve rapidly. Here, we identify an exception in aculeate Hymenoptera, an ancient and diverse clade of haplodiploid insects that includes ants, bees, and stinging wasps. By integrating comparative genomics across Hymenoptera with genetic mapping in bumblebees and hornets, we reveal that the ANTSR locus, a m...
• Income insufficiency impacts early brain development in infants facing increased psychosocial adversity: A network-based approach AI翻译
  作者：Chung, Haerin; Wilkinson, Carol L.; Liu, Asher; Said, Alex Job; Francis, Brianna; Conroy, Kathleen; Tager-Flusberg, Helen; Nelson, Charles A.
  作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston University; Harvard University
  摘要：Early adversity is associated with brain changes that negatively impact development, social-emotional functioning, and academic achievement. The multifaceted nature of adversity complicates efforts to isolate specific factors that affect brain development and developmental outcomes. In the present study, we leverage parent survey data and longitudinal electroencephalography (EEG) data collected from infants during 4-, 9-, and 12-mo well-child visits at a large hospital-based urban primary care...
• Mechanisms of the viscosity decrease and increase of aqueous CsCl AI翻译
  作者：Cohen, Max Moncada; Kacenauskaite, Laura; Heck, Tristan R.; Pan, Junkun; Fayer, Michael D.
  作者单位：Stanford University
  摘要：Aqueous salt solutions occur in many aspects of chemistry, biology, and geology. Increasing the concentration of most aqueous salt solutions increases the viscosities. In contrast, adding CsCl to water initially decreases the viscosity, but at moderate concentration further addition increases it. While this phenomenon is well known, the molecular mechanisms for the reduction and increase have not been elucidated. We used probe experiments, as well as density functional theory to investigate th...
• Blood-borne sphingosine 1-phosphate maintains vascular resistance, blood pressure, and cardiac function in mice AI翻译
  作者：Del Gaudio, Ilaria; Bonnin, Philippe; Vessieres, Emilie; Robidel, Estelle; Garcia, Manuela C.; Proux, Coralyne; Boutigny, Alexandre; Baudrie, Veronique; Ha, Hoa T. T.; Couty, Ludovic; Placier, Sandrine; Cornelissen, Ivo; Faedda, Nicolo; Mebrek, Nesrine; Morel, Theo; Nitzsche, Anja; David, Tovo; Baron, Stephanie; Lenoir, Olivia; Tharaux, Pierre-Louis; Zennaro, Maria-Christina; Nguyen, Long N.; Hla, Timothy; Henrion, Daniel; Camerer, Eric
  作者单位：Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Universite Paris Cite; Universite Paris Cite; Assistance Publique Hopitaux Paris (APHP); Hopital Universitaire Lariboisiere-Fernand-Widal - APHP; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Universite Paris Cite; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Universite d'Angers; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers; National University of Singapore; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Sorbonne Universite; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
  摘要：Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid that circulates in plasma bound to high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and albumin. Circulating S1P levels correlate positively with systolic blood pressure (BP) in hypertension and negatively with severity in septic shock and with left ventricular function in heart disease. In mice, isolated deficiency in HDL-S1P and endothelial cell S1P receptor (R)-1 both trigger hypertension, supporting an essential role for HDL-S1P in endothelial function. Ph...