-
作者：Chen, Heng; Han, Li
作者单位：University of Hong Kong
摘要：Does news media coverage of autocracies hinge on their relationship with those regimes? Exploiting a large-scale media crackdown in May 2019 in China, in which multiple influential UK- and US-based news sites were blocked, we find that news outlets adopted a more negative tone in their coverage of China and reported more frequently on sensitive topics such as human rights, after being blocked, compared to those with no access change. Such effects are absent in news on economic topics and opini...
-
作者：Citino, Luca; Russ, Kilian; Scrutinio, Vincenzo
作者单位：European Central Bank; Bank of Italy; University of Bologna; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：In this paper, we study the selection patterns of individuals who manage to have their lay-off delayed around an age at lay-off threshold entitling them to four additional months of unemployment insurance, that is, manipulators. Using administrative data from Italy and bunching techniques, we document substantial manipulation around the cut-off and show that manipulators are selected on their long-term non-employment risk, but not on their moral hazard cost. Finally, we develop a sufficient st...
-
作者：Bisin, Alberto; Clementi, Gian Luca; Gottardi, Piero
作者单位：New York University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Universita Ca Foscari Venezia
摘要：We develop a general equilibrium model with production and incomplete markets. Firms optimally design their capital structure to cater to investors' hedging needs. Depending on the heterogeneity of such needs, equilibrium may feature either complete financial market segmentation or only partial segmentation. Firms respond to greater hedging needs by issuing more debt and allocating most of the proceeds to shareholders. How much more debt depends on the availability of competing risk-sharing in...
-
作者：Adhvaryu, Achyuta; Gade, Smit; Molina, Teresa; Nyshadham, Anant
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Hawaii System; University of Hawaii Manoa; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：We conducted a randomised controlled trial in which we enabled workers to directly and anonymously communicate with human resources through mobile-phone-based technology. Treated workers were much more likely to know about the tool than controls, though usage was low: only 5% of treated workers reported ever using it. Despite this, turnover and absenteeism were 10% and 5% lower, respectively, for treated versus control workers. Together these findings suggest a substantial option value of enha...
-
作者：Gibson, Matthew D.
作者单位：Williams College; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：Adam Smith alleged that employers often secretly combine to reduce labour earnings. This paper examines an important case of such behaviour: no-poaching agreements through which information-technology companies agreed not to compete for each other's workers. Exploiting the plausibly exogenous timing of a US Department of Justice investigation, I estimate the effects of these agreements using a difference-in-differences design. Data from Glassdoor permit the inclusion of rich employer- and job-...
-
作者：Douenne, Thomas; Hummel, Albert Jan; Pedroni, Marcelo
作者单位：University of Amsterdam; University of Groningen; Inter-American Development Bank; University of Amsterdam
摘要：We study optimal fiscal policy to address climate change and inequality. We theoretically characterise optimal carbon and income taxes and quantify them for the US economy using a climate model calibrated to DICE. In contrast to the representative-agent setting, we find that (i) tax distortions have a negligible effect on the optimal carbon tax; (ii) inequality only slightly reduces it; (iii) the revenue from carbon taxes is optimally split about equally between reducing tax distortions and in...
-
作者：Huang, Wei; Liu, Qingfeng; Xing, Jianwei; Zheng, Shilin
作者单位：Peking University; Tsinghua University; Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
摘要：This study leverages personnel system reforms within economics departments at Chinese universities to assess the impact of the tenure-track system on research productivity. Using individual-level data on faculty members, we show that tenure-track faculty produce 0.135 (or 100%) more publications in high-quality journals annually during their probationary period compared to faculty hired under the traditional personnel system. Our findings suggest that this increase in productivity is driven by...
-
作者：Grewenig, Elisabeth; Lergetporer, Philipp; Werner, Katharina
作者单位：Technical University of Munich
摘要：Gender gaps in labour-market outcomes often exacerbate with the arrival of the first child. We investigate how highlighting existing gender norms affects labour-supply expectations in a sample of 2,000 German adolescents. At baseline, the majority of girls expect to work 20 hours or less per week when having a young child, and expect their partners to work 30 hours or more. We implement randomised treatments that (i) increase the salience of the existing traditional norm prescribing labour sup...
-
作者：Cervellati, Matteo; Meyerheim, Gerrit; Sunde, Uwe
作者单位：University of Bologna; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Munich
摘要：The relation between income and democracy remains debated, empirically and theoretically. We propose a broader perspective that goes beyond a uni-directional and mono-causal interpretation of the income-democracy nexus by focusing on the neglected role of the transition from economic stagnation to sustained growth. We illustrate our argument with an integrated model of long-run growth and democratisation that delivers two general insights. First, rather than higher income levels per se, it is ...
-
作者：Koethenbuerger, Marko; Naguib, Costanza; Stettler, Christian; Stimmelmayr, Michael
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of Bern; University of Bath
摘要：We provide quasi-experimental evidence on the income tax-induced residential mobility of foreign high-income households living in Switzerland by exploiting the differential tax treatment of UK and US households. While the two groups are similar in terms of non-tax sorting preferences, US households are effectively insulated from Swiss income taxation due to the US worldwide income tax system. Thus, they provide the control group for the UK households, our treatment group. Comparing the residen...
