-
作者：Ellegard, Lina Maria; Kjellsson, Gustav; Mattisson, Linn
作者单位：Lund University; Kristianstad University; University of Gothenburg
摘要：The emergence of markets for on-demand online physician consultations-direct-to-consumer telemedicine-is currently transforming many healthcare settings. Direct-to-consumer telemedicine may be a cost-effective substitute for in-person consultations, but the convenience of seeking direct-to-consumer telemedicine may increase the demand for the service and, consequently, costs for health insurers. To causally assess the degree to which direct-to-consumer telemedicine consultations substitute for...
-
作者：Bargain, Olivier; Etienne, Audrey; Melly, Blaise
作者单位：Universite de Rouen Normandie; University of Bern
摘要：We exploit an exceptionally long administrative panel dataset (1988-2019) for France to estimate the unconditional quantile effects of public sector employment, while accounting for individual fixed effects. We find that the public sector wage gap is broadly negative across the whole wage distribution after controlling for observable and unobservable heterogeneities. The public sector compresses the wage distribution, with particularly large wage penalties observed at the top. This compression...
-
作者：Guirkinger, Catherine; Platteau, Jean-Philippe; Wahhaj, Zaki
作者单位：University of Namur; University of London; King's College London
摘要：Arranged marriage with a spouse chosen in the country of origin is a persisting practice in many migrant communities. In this context, rather than being imposed by migrant parents on children, an arranged marriage is the outcome of a negotiation between them. Parents see this type of marriage as a vector of transmission of their identity to the next generation. Children resist because they are concerned about mutual compatibility with their future spouse. Then, paradoxically, the possibility o...
-
作者：Charness, Gary; Grieco, Daniela
作者单位：University of Milan
摘要：We investigate whether AI systems outperform humans in creative tasks that vary in their degree of 'openness'. To this end, we generated creative responses using three versions of ChatGPT and recruited 738 participants to blindly evaluate six creative answers, randomly drawn from three pools-each comprising 160 responses-generated by both humans and AI. This process yielded 4,428 individual evaluations. Our results show that, regardless of the GPT version employed, human-generated responses ac...
-
作者：Abrams, Eliot; Libgober, Jonathan; List, John A.
作者单位：University of Southern California; University of Chicago; Australian National University
摘要：We analyse one prominent policy solution to the credibility crisis in experimental research-research registries-with primary focus on the AEA RCT Registry. We find that the AEA RCT Registry has had a limited impact to date. A majority of recent economics experiments are not registered, only about half of those registered did so prior to intervention and most of these preregistrations lack sufficient detail. We find broad similarities when comparing these patterns to ClinicalTrials.gov. We then...
-
作者：Ottonello, Pablo; Song, Wenting
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：We provide empirical evidence on how news about financial intermediaries' net worth impacts the aggregate economy, using a high-frequency identification strategy. We measure 'financial shocks' based on the idiosyncratic stock price changes of large US intermediaries in a narrow window around their earnings announcements. We document significant effects of these shocks on the stock price and borrowing costs of non-financial firms, as well as on macroeconomic variables. The effects are more pron...
-
作者：Guimaraes, Bernardo; Pessoa, Joao Paulo; Ponczek, Vladimir
作者单位：Getulio Vargas Foundation
摘要：The Pel & eacute; Act banned non-compete agreements in Brazilian football in 1998. We explore this policy change to study how non-competes affect the labour market. The Act changed the wage profile heterogeneously, reducing young players' wages and raising salaries for older ones. Turnover increased slightly. We develop and structurally estimate a model and show that changing the parameter capturing the non-compete friction leads to the changes observed in the data. From the estimation, we rec...
-
作者：Qiu, Xincheng; Russo, Nicolo
作者单位：Peking University; Goethe University Frankfurt
摘要：This paper examines income tax systems in over thirty countries over the past forty years, using microdata from the Luxembourg Income Study. We show that income tax systems worldwide are well approximated by a two-parameter log-linear effective tax function. We provide country- and year-specific estimates and document several insights. First, higher average tax rates are associated with higher progressivity. Second, richer countries have more progressive tax systems. Third, progressivity varie...
-
作者：d'Este, Rocco
作者单位：University of Sussex
摘要：Prisons are central institutions in the criminal justice system, yet limited data have impeded a systematic analysis of their internal dynamics. We compile a novel, comprehensive dataset covering all prisons in England and Wales to evaluate the effects of a UK-wide ban on new psychoactive substances-potent synthetic drugs designed to circumvent regulation and readily trafficked into custodial settings. We first document the diffusion of these substances across the prison system and a strong co...
-
作者：Bartling, Bjorn; Fehr, Ernst; Huffman, David; Netzer, Nick
作者单位：University of Zurich; Cornell University
摘要：Agreements are rarely fully enforceable, exposing trading parties to the risk of exploitation. In such cases, trust-defined as the belief in the trustworthiness of others-may be key to realising gains from trade. This paper asks whether trust substitutes for or complements contract enforcement. While intuition may suggest that trust matters more when enforcement is weak, our experiment, which exogenously varies both trust and enforcement, shows that it can matter more when enforcement is stron...
