-
作者：Burlando, Alfredo
作者单位：University of Oregon
摘要：Do transitory economic shocks affect neonatal outcomes? I show that an unexpected, month-long blackout in Tanzania caused a sharp but temporary drop in work hours and earnings for workers in electricity-dependent jobs. Using records from a maternity ward, I document a reduction in birth weights for children exposed in utero to the blackout, and an increase in the probability of low birth weight. The reduction is correlated with measures of maternal exposure to the blackout. The blackout also i...
-
作者：Platteau, Jean-Philippe; Somville, Vincent; Wahhaj, Zaki
作者单位：University of Namur; University of Kent
摘要：We investigate donor-beneficiary relationships in participatory development programmes, where (i) communities are heterogeneous and dominated by the local elite, (ii) the elite strategically proposes a project to the donor, knowing that the latter has imperfect knowledge of the needs of the target population. We analyse how changes in the donor's outside option or information about the needs of the target population affect elite capture. Our central, paradoxical result is that a more attractiv...
-
作者：Valsecchi, Michele
作者单位：University of Gothenburg
摘要：In this paper, I ask whether there is a relationship between land property rights and international migration. In order to identify the impact of property rights, I consider a country-wide land certification program that took place in Mexico in the 1990s. My identification strategy exploits the staggered implementation and the households' eligibility for the program. I find that the program increased the eligible households' likelihood of having one or more members abroad by 12%. In terms of t...
-
作者：Attanasio, Orazio P.; Kaufmann, Katja M.
作者单位：University of London; University College London; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); National Bureau of Economic Research; Bocconi University; Bocconi University
摘要：In this paper we investigate the role of expected returns to schooling and of perceived risks (of unemployment and earnings) as determinants of schooling decisions. Moreover, our data also allow us to analyze whether youths' and/or mothers' expectations predict schooling decisions, and whether this depends on the age and gender of the youth. In particular, we use Mexican data that contain labor market expectations of mothers and youths. We find that expected returns and risk perceptions are im...
-
作者：Popov, Alexander
作者单位：European Central Bank
摘要：This paper provides evidence that financial openness is an important determinant of growth rate asymmetry in emerging markets. I exploit exogenous shocks to financial flows and examine the impact of equity market liberalization on the skewness of output growth for 93 countries during the 1973-2009 period. I show that opening the economy to foreign portfolio investment results in a substantially higher negative skewness of output growth. This result obtains with equal strength in the aggregate ...
-
作者：Zhang, Hongliang; Behrman, Jere R.; Fan, C. Simon; Wei, Xiangdong; Zhang, Junsen
作者单位：Chinese University of Hong Kong; University of Pennsylvania; Lingnan University
摘要：Many children worldwide are left-behind by parents migrating for work over 61 million in rural China alone, almost half of whom are left-behind by both parents. While previous literature considers impacts of one parent absent on educational inputs (e.g., study time, enrollment, schooling attainment), this study directly investigates impacts on children's learning (test scores) and distinguishes impacts of absence of one versus both parents. Dynamic panel methods that control for both unobserve...
-
作者：de Janvry, A.; Dequiedt, V.; Sadoulet, E.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Universite Clermont Auvergne (UCA)
摘要：In recent years, index-based insurance has been offered to smallholder farmers in the developing world to protect against common shocks such as weather shocks. Despite their attractive properties, these products have met with low demand. We consider the frequent situation where farmers are members of groups with common interests. We show that this creates strategic interactions among group members in deciding to insure that reduce the demand for insurance for two reasons. One is free riding du...
-
作者：de Laat, Joost
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：One of the main elements separating different models of intrahousehold allocations is the household information set. This paper tests for the endogeneity of the household information set in a context where household members cannot observe each other easily: spousal information in the context of split urban migration in Kenya. Based on unique data, it finds that split migrant couples in the Nairobi slums invest considerable resources into information acquisition substituting visits, monitoring ...
-
作者：de Mel, Suresh; McKenzie, David; Woodruff, Christopher
作者单位：University of Peradeniya; The World Bank; University of Warwick
摘要：We conduct a randomized experiment among women in urban Sri Lanka to measure the impact of the most commonly used business training course in developing countries, the Start-and-Improve Your Business (SIYB) program. We study two groups of women: a random sample operating subsistence enterprises and a random sample out of the labor force but interested in starting a business. We track impacts of two treatments - training only and training plus a cash grant - over two years. For women in busines...
-
作者：Wilson, Nicholas L.; Xiong, Wentao; Mattson, Christine L.
作者单位：Reed College - Portland; Harvard University; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital
摘要：Risk compensation has been called the Achilles' heel of HIV prevention policies (Cassell et al., 2006). This paper examines the behavioral response to male circumcision, a major HIV prevention policy currently being implemented throughout much of Sub-Saharan Africa. Contrary to the presumption of risk compensation, we find that the response due to the perceived reduction in HIV transmission appears to have been a reduction in risky sexual behavior. We suggest a mechanism for this finding: circ...
