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作者：Chou, Shin-Yi; Grossman, Michael; Liu, Jin-Tan
作者单位：Lehigh University; City University of New York (CUNY) System; National Taiwan University; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We estimate the impacts of the introduction of National Health Insurance in Taiwan in March 1995 on infant survival. Prior to NHI, government workers (the control group) possessed health insurance policies with comprehensive coverage for births and infant medical care services. Private sector industrial workers and farmers (the treatment groups) lacked this coverage. All households received coverage in 1995. Since stringent requirements for reporting births introduced in 1994 produced artifici...
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作者：Currie, Janet; Lin, Wanchuan; Meng, Juanjuan
作者单位：Princeton University; Peking University
摘要：China has high rates of antibiotic abuse and antibiotic resistance but the causes are still a matter for debate. Strong physician financial incentives to prescribe are likely to be an important cause. However, patient demand (or physician beliefs about patient demand) is often cited and may also play a role. We use an audit study to examine the effect of removing financial incentives, and to try to separate out the effects of patient demand. We implement a number of different experimental trea...
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作者：Bruhn, Miriam; Ibarra, Gabriel Lara; McKenzie, David
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：We conduct randomized experiments around a large-scale financial literacy course in Mexico City to understand the reasons for low take-up among a general population, and to measure the impact of this financial education course. Our results suggest that reputational, logistical, and specific forms of behavioral constraints are not the main reasons for limited participation, and that people do respond to higher benefits from attending in the form of monetary incentives. Attending training result...
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作者：Canals, Claudia; Sener, Fuat
作者单位：Union College
摘要：This paper empirically assesses the responsiveness of US offshoring to intellectual property rights (IPR) reforms in 16 countries. We construct a measure of US offshoring at the industry level based on trade in intermediate goods, covering 23 industries for the period 1973-2006. For each industry, we differentiate between broad offshoring and intra-industry offshoring activities. We conduct a difference-in-difference analysis using the IPR reform years proposed in Branstetter et al. (2006, Qua...
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作者：Aker, Jenny C.; Klein, Michael W.; O'Connell, Stephen A.; Yang, Muzhe
作者单位：Tufts University; Tufts University; Swarthmore College; Lehigh University
摘要：This paper uses unique high-frequency data on prices of two agricultural goods to examine the additional costs incurred in cross-border trade between Niger and Nigeria, as well as trade between ethnically distinct markets within Niger. We find a sharp and significant conditional price change of about 20 to 25% between markets immediately across the national border. This price change is significantly lower when markets on either side of the border share a common ethnicity. Within Niger, trade b...
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作者：Gollin, Douglas; Rogerson, Richard
作者单位：University of Oxford; Princeton University
摘要：A defining feature of many poor economies is the large fraction of workers engaged in subsistence agriculture. We develop a multi-sector multi-region model of a poor economy in which it is costly to transport goods across regions in order to study this outcome. A key finding is that higher transport costs drive up the size of the agricultural workforce and the fraction in subsistence. In a calibrated version of our model we show that the effect of transport productivity is quantitatively impor...
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作者：Bargain, Olivier; Donni, Olivier; Kwenda, Prudence
作者单位：Aix-Marseille Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Aix-Marseille Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute for Humanities & Social Sciences (INSHS); CY Cergy Paris Universite; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Witwatersrand
摘要：Poverty measures often ignore the distribution of resources within families and the gains from joint consumption. In this paper, we estimate the allocation process and adult economies of scale in households from Cote d'Ivoire using a collective model of household consumption. Identification relies on the observation of adult-specific goods, as in the Rothbarth method, and a joint estimation on couples and singles. Our results show that men and women's shares of total expenditure are of the sam...
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作者：Liu, Qing; Shi, Kang; Wu, Zhouheng; Xu, Juanyi
作者单位：Tsinghua University; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Chinese University of Hong Kong
摘要：Oil price stabilization polices are adopted extensively in developing countries. Some argue that developed economies, especially the US, may gain from these policies through trade. This paper studies this issue in a two-country model with dollar currency pricing. We find that the optimal level of oil price stabilization chosen by developing countries and its implications for global welfare depend critically on whether monetary policy can effectively respond to oil shocks. In an environment wit...
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作者：Keswell, Malcolm; Carter, Michael R.
作者单位：University of Cape Town; University of Cape Town; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Despite a theoretical literature that promises that land transfers will have large impacts on the well-being of poor households, well-identified empirical evidence on the efficacy of land redistribution is scarce. In an effort to fill this gap, this paper examines South Africa's Land Redistribution for Agricultural Development (LRAD) program. We exploit features of LRAD program implementation to extract exogenous variation in whether, and for how long, applicant households enjoyed land transfe...
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作者：Gallego, Francisco A.; Tessada, Jose A.
作者单位：Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
