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作者：Hamoudi, Amar; Thomas, Duncan
作者单位：Duke University
摘要：We investigate whether living arrangements respond to an arguably exogenous shift in the distribution of power in family economic decision-making. In the early 1990s, the South African Old Age Pension was expanded to cover most black South Africans above a sex-specific age cut-off resulting in a substantial increase in the income of older South Africans and potentially their say in the economic decisions of their families. Beneficiaries of the program are more likely to coreside with adults wh...
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作者：Minoiu, Camelia; Shemyakina, Olga N.
作者单位：International Monetary Fund; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
摘要：We examine the causal impact of the 2002-2007 civil conflict in Cote d'Ivoire on children's health using household surveys collected before, during, and after the conflict, and information on the exact location and date of conflict events. Our identification strategy relies on exploiting both temporal and spatial variation across birth cohorts to measure children's exposure to the conflict. We find that children from regions more affected by the conflict suffered significant health setbacks co...
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作者：Brainerd, Elizabeth; Menon, Nidhiya
作者单位：Brandeis University
摘要：This paper examines the impact of fertilizer agrichemicals in water on infant and child health using water quality data combined with data on child health outcomes from the Demographic and Health Surveys of India. Because fertilizers are applied at specific times in the growing season, the concentrations of agrichemicals in water vary seasonally and by cropped area as some Indian states plant predominantly summer crops while others plant winter crops. Our identification strategy exploits the d...
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作者：von Hagen, Juergen; Zhang, Haiping
作者单位：University of Bonn; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Singapore Management University
摘要：We develop a tractable two-country overlapping-generations model and show that cross-country differences in financial development can explain three recent empirical patterns of international capital flows: Financial capital flows from relatively poor to relatively rich countries, while foreign direct investment flows in the opposite direction; net capital flows go from poor to rich countries; despite its negative net international investment positions, the United States receives a positive net...
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作者：Sly, Nicholas; Soderbery, Anson
作者单位：University of Oregon; Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要：We examine how multinational firms strategically source production to mitigate the consequences of wage bargaining with workers. When wage bargaining pressure differs across countries, firms allocate production of goods with high markups toward countries with relatively competitive labor markets, limiting the rents available to workers with strong bargaining power. We use product-level data from the universe of automotive production facilities in North America at a monthly frequency between 19...
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作者：Powell-Jackson, Timothy; Hanson, Kara; Whitty, Christopher J. M.; Ansah, Evelyn K.
作者单位：University of London; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
摘要：We examine the impact of removing user fees for healthcare in rural Ghana using data from a randomized experiment that includes rich information on objective measures of child health status. We find that free care increased use of formal healthcare shifting care seeking away from informal providers, with particularly strong effects for children who were anaemic at baseline. There was no health effect on the intervention population taken overall. However, consistent with the utilization finding...
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作者：Jouini, Nizar; Rebei, Nooman
作者单位：African Development Bank Group (AfDB); International Monetary Fund
摘要：We propose an integrated method based on a two-sector small open economy dynamic and stochastic general equilibrium model to estimate non-tariff barriers and quantify the impact of services liberalization. The major component of trade barriers is explicitly modeled through the introduction of entry-sunk costs. Hence, liberalization is treated assuming a government's policy decision aimed at reducing those costs. Then, we estimate the model using Bayesian techniques for Tunisia and the Euro Are...
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作者：Vollrath, Dietrich
作者单位：University of Houston System; University of Houston
摘要：For a set of 14 developing countries I evaluate whether differences in wage gaps between sectors - estimated from individual-level wage data - have meaningful effects on aggregate productivity. Under the most generous assumptions regarding the homogeneity of human capital, my analysis shows that eliminating wedges between wages in different sectors leads to gains in output of less than 5% for most countries. These estimated gains of reallocation represent an upper bound as some of the observed...
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作者：Permanyer, Inaki
作者单位：Autonomous University of Barcelona; Centre d'Estudis Demografics (CED)
摘要：In the context of multidimensional poverty measurement, it seems plausible to assume that when individuals are deprived in some dimensions and non-deprived in the remaining ones, the latter can be allowed to play a non-trivial role in the assessment of those individuals' poverty levels. Yet, this simple and attractive property is violated by virtually all multidimensional poverty indices proposed in the literature so far because they stick to the so-called 'Strong Focus' axiom. This paper char...
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作者：Basu, Karna
作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System; Hunter College (CUNY)
摘要：I study the provision of commitment savings by informal banks to sophisticated hyperbolic discounters. Since a consumer is subject to temptation in the period that he signs a contract, banks might exploit his desire for instant gratification even as they help him to commit for the future. Without banking, savings decisions and welfare are not monotonic in the degree of time-inconsistency. Consequently, commitment savings will lower welfare for moderately time-inconsistent agents. If loan contr...
