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作者：Bosker, Maarten; de Ree, Joppe
作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Utrecht University; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); The World Bank
摘要：Civil wars tend to cluster in particular areas of the world. We provide empirical evidence that cross-border conflict spillovers are an important factor in explaining this pattern. Moreover, we show that ethnicity plays a key role in conditioning the spread of civil wars. Only ethnic wars tend to spill over, and ethnic wars are more likely to spill over along ethnic lines. The latter result is robust to the inclusion of a host of (other) cross-border characteristics, such as geographical facto...
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作者：Broussard, Nzinga H.; Dercon, Stefan; Somanathan, Rohini
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; University of Oxford; Delhi School of Economics
摘要：We use a principal-agent framework and data from the Ethiopian Rural Household Survey between 1994 and 2004 to understand biases in the distribution of food aid in Ethiopia. We show that even when aid is systematically misallocated, aid recipients may match official classifications of needy households if agents deviate from allocation rules in ways that are difficult to monitor. Agent behavior is therefore best understood by comparing aid along dimensions of need that are visible to the princi...
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作者：Chung, Sunghoon
作者单位：Korea Development Institute (KDI)
摘要：This paper studies how environmental regulation shapes the pattern of foreign direct investment (FDI), and thereby assesses the pollution haven hypothesis. Conflicting results exist in the case studies examining the most advanced countries, partly due to the deterrent effect of clean technology adoptions on industry migration. To minimize the clean technology effect, we examine the pattern of South Korean FDI over 2000-2007, the period that Korean firms relied on old production technologies de...
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作者：Koppensteiner, Martin Foureaux
作者单位：University of Leicester
摘要：This paper examines the effect of automatic grade promotion on academic achievement in 1993 public primary schools in Brazil. A difference-in-differences approach that exploits variation over time and across schools in the grade promotion regime allows the identification of the treatment effect of automatic promotion. I find a negative and significant effect of about 7% of a standard deviation on math test scores. I provide evidence in support of the interpretation of the estimates as a disinc...
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作者：Meon, Pierre-Guillaume; Minne, Geoffrey
作者单位：Universite Libre de Bruxelles; Universite Libre de Bruxelles
摘要：This paper investigates the role of a free press and the circulation of information on the capacity of a country to declare an exchange regime that differs from the regime it implements de facto. We report consistent evidence that greater press freedom and easier access to information result in a lower probability of untruthfully reporting the de facto regime. These findings withstand a large set of robustness checks, including controlling for democracy and for the institutional and political ...
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作者：Vogl, Tom S.
作者单位：Princeton University
摘要：Taller workers are paid higher wages. A prominent explanation for this pattern is that physical growth and cognitive development share childhood inputs, inducing a correlation between adult height and two productive skills: strength and intelligence. This paper explores the relative roles of strength and intelligence in explaining the labor market height premium among Mexican men. While cognitive test scores account for a limited share of the height premium, roughly half of the premium can be ...
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作者：Hoffmann, Vivian; Gatobu, Ken Mwithirwa
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：Many important food quality and safety attributes are unobservable at the point of sale, particularly in informal markets with weak reputation effects. Through a framed field experiment conducted in western Kenya, we show that farmers place a large premium on maize they have grown themselves, relative to that available for purchase. Providing information on the origin of maize, and on its taste and safety, reduces this gap. We conclude that information which is unavailable during typical marke...
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作者：Saure, Philip; Zoabi, Hosny
作者单位：Swiss National Bank (SNB); New Economic School; New Economic School
摘要：Recent work in gender economics has identified trade as a potential determinant of female labor force participation (REP). It is usually suggested that FLFP rises whenever trade expands those sectors which use female labor intensively. This paper develops a theoretical model to argue that, quite surprisingly, the opposite effects can occur. Distinguishing between female intensive sectors (FIS) and male intensive sectors (MIS), we show that FLFP may actually fall if trade expands EIS. When FIS ...
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作者：de Janvry, Alain; Gonzalez-Navarro, Marco; Sadoulet, Elisabeth
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Toronto
摘要：What is the impact on voting behavior of strengthening property rights over agricultural land? To answer this question, we use the 14-year nationwide rollout of Mexico's land certification program (Procede) and match affected communities (ejidos) before and after the change in property rights with voting outcomes in corresponding electoral sections across six federal election cycles. We find that, in accordance with the investor class theory, granting complete property rights induced a conserv...
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作者：Bond, Eric W.; Saggi, Kamal
作者单位：Vanderbilt University
摘要：We analyze how a price control and the threat of compulsory licensing (CL) affect consumer access in a developing country (South) to a patented foreign product. In the model, the Southern government sets the level of the price control on a Northern patent-holder who chooses between entry and voluntary licensing (VL). While entry incurs a higher fixed cost, licensed production is of lower quality. If the patent-holder does not work its patent locally, the South is free to use CL The threat of C...
