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作者：de Brauw, Alan; Eozenou, Patrick
作者单位：CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI); The World Bank
摘要：Although farmers in developing countries are generally thought to be risk averse, little is known about the actual form of their risk preferences. In this paper, we use a relatively large lab-in-the-field experiment to explore risk preferences related to sweet potato production among a sample of farmers in northern Mozambique. A unique feature of this experiment is that it includes a large subsample of husband and wife pairs. After exploring correlations between husband and wife preferences, w...
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作者：Lambert, Sylvie; Ravallion, Martin; van de Walle, Dominique
作者单位：Paris School of Economics; INRAE; Georgetown University; The World Bank
摘要：How much economic mobility is there across generations in a poor, primarily rural, economy? How much do intergenerational linkages contribute to current inequality? We address these questions using original survey data on Senegal that include a sub-household measure of consumption for cells within the household. While intergenerational linkages are evident, we find a relatively high degree of mobility across generations, associated with the shift from farm to non-farm sectors and greater econo...
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作者：Hansen, Casper Worm
作者单位：Aarhus University
摘要：Exploiting cross-state variation in infectious causes of death, along with time variation arising from medical innovations toward the middle of the twentieth century, this study examines the consequences of a positive health shock in the US. It establishes that states with higher levels of mortality from infectious causes prior to the onset of the era of big medicine experienced greater increases in life expectancy, population, and total GDP after its onset, whereas per capita GDP remained lar...
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作者：Santra, Sattwik
摘要：This paper explores the impact of trade on the relative returns to skill in the presence of non-homothetic preferences. In a general equilibrium model of trade in differentiated products, it is shown that, if consumers react to a rise in real income by increasing their demands of the relatively skill intensive commodity/ies, then real income gains associated with trade, increase the skilled-unskilled wage ratio. This result generalizes to trade driven by comparative advantages and to technolog...
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作者：Lagerloef, Nils-Petter
作者单位：York University - Canada
摘要：The effects of political fragmentation on long-run development seem to have changed over the course of human history. Technological leaders used to be empires, but the Industrial Revolution started in the fragmented Europe. This paper sets up a model to help us think about this puzzle. There are two sets of mechanisms at play: a standard scale effect, which benefits unified regions, since technology is a non-rivalrous good: and several competition effects, both negative (like wasteful armies) ...
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作者：Joanis, Marcelin
作者单位：University of Sherbrooke; Universite de Montreal
摘要：Recent decentralization reforms in developing countries have often lead to the coexistence of multiple tiers of government in given policy areas, triggering new accountability issues. This paper provides a novel theoretical treatment of the efficiency consequences of such 'partial expenditure decentralization.' It develops a political agency model in which two levels of government are involved in the provision of a local public good, with voters imperfectly informed about each government's con...
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作者：Burda, Michael C.; Severgnini, Battista
作者单位：Humboldt University of Berlin; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); IZA Institute Labor Economics; Copenhagen Business School
摘要：We use synthetic data generated by a prototypical stochastic growth model to assess the accuracy of the Solow residual (Solow, 1957) as a measure of total factor productivity (TFP) growth when the capital stock in use is measured with error. We propose two alternative measurements based on current investment expenditures: one eliminates the capital stock by direct substitution, while the other employs generalized differences of detrended data and the Malmquist index. In short samples, these me...
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作者：Ham, John C.; Song, Heonjae
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; National University of Singapore; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Seoul
摘要：We derive a bargaining model of transfers between adult children and their parents, and then estimate the model using data from South Korea. Our analysis extends the literature on family bargaining by i) arguing that transfers from the couple represent semiprivate consumption (e.g. it is plausible that the wife cares more about her parents than about the husband's parents, and vice-versa) and ii) using results from laboratory experiments to help identify the model. We find that women have slig...
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作者：Ghani, Ejaz; Kerr, William R.; O'Connell, Stephen D.
作者单位：The World Bank; Harvard University; Bank of Finland; National Bureau of Economic Research; City University of New York (CUNY) System; City University of New York (CUNY) Graduate School
摘要：We quantify the link between the timing of state-level implementations of political reservations for women in India with the role of women in India's manufacturing sector. While overall employment of women in manufacturing does not increase after the reforms, we find significant evidence that more women-owned establishments were created in the unorganized/informal sector. These new establishments were concentrated in industries where women entrepreneurs have been traditionally active and the e...
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作者：Gil-Pareja, Salvador; Llorca-Vivero, Rafael; Antonio Martinez-Serrano, Jose
作者单位：University of Valencia
摘要：This paper investigates whether and to what extent nonreciprocal preferential trade agreements (NRPTAs) have increased developing countries' exports to richer countries. Using recent developments in the econometric analysis of the gravity equation over the period 1960-2008, we find robust evidence that, on the whole, NRPTAs and the Generalized System of Preferences have had an economically significant effect on exports from developing countries. However, the estimation of catch-all dummies mas...
