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作者：Zhang, Shuai; Wang, Mingming; Xiao, Liujun; Guo, Xiaowei; Zheng, Jinyang; Zhu, Biao; Luo, Zhongkui
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Nanjing Agricultural University; Peking University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University
摘要：Soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization is a key component of the global carbon cycle. Its temperature sensitivity Q10 (which is defined as the factor of change in mineralization with a 10 degrees C temperature increase) is crucial for understanding the carbon cycle- climate change feedback but remains uncertain. Here, we demonstrate the universal control of carbon quality- availability tradeoffs on Q10. When carbon availability is not limited, Q10 is controlled by carbon quality; otherwise, ...
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作者：Kolesnikov, Alexander V.; Murphy, Daniel P.; Corbo, Joseph C.; Kefalov, Vladimir J.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine; Washington University (WUSTL)
摘要：Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a common form of retinal dystrophy that can be caused by mutations in any one of dozens of rod photoreceptor genes. The genetic heteroge-neity of RP represents a significant challenge for the development of effective thera-pies. Here, we present evidence for a potential gene- independent therapeutic strategy based on targeting Nr2e3, a transcription factor required for the normal differentia-tion of rod photoreceptors. Nr2e3 knockout results in hybrid rod photorece...
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作者：Isiksacan, Ziya; D'Alessandro, Angelo; Mckenna, David H.; Tessier, Shannon N.; Kucukal, Erdem; Gokaltun, A. Aslihan; William, Nishaka; Sandlin, Rebecca D.; Bischof, John; Mohandas, Narla; Busch, Michael P.; Elbuken, Caglar; Gurkan, Umut A.; Toner, Mehmet; Acker, Jason P.; Yarmush, Martin L.; Usta, O. Berk
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Children's Hospital Colorado; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Hacettepe University; University of Alberta; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; New York Blood Center; Vitalant; Vitalant Research Institute; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University; University of Oulu; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; Canadian Blood Services; Rutgers University System; Rutgers University New Brunswick
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作者：Lin, Jonathan; Emanuel, Kerry
作者单位：Columbia University; Cornell University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Observational data have long suggested that in the tropics, when the troposphere locally warms, the lower stratosphere locally cools. Here, the observed anti -correlation between tropospheric and lower stratospheric temperature is confirmed-the lower stratosphere cools by approximately 2 degrees per degree of warming in the mid -troposphere. This anti -correlation is explained through a recently proposed theory holding that there is a quasi -balanced response of the stratosphere to tropospheri...
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作者：Tengoelics, Roland; Szappanos, Balazs; Muelleder, Michael; Kalapis, Dorottya; Grezal, Gabor; Sajben, Csilla; Agostini, Federica; Mokochinski, Joao Benhur; Balint, Balazs; Nagyg, Laszlo G.; Ralser, Markus; Papp, Balazs
作者单位：HUN-REN; HUN-REN Biological Research Center; HUN-REN; HUN-REN Biological Research Center; Institute of Biochemistry - HAS; HUN-REN; HUN-REN Biological Research Center; Szeged University; Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin; Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin; HUN-REN; HUN-REN Biological Research Center; Institute of Biochemistry - HAS; HUN-REN; HUN-REN Biological Research Center; Thermo Fisher Scientific
摘要：Cellular metabolism evolves through changes in the structure and quantitative of metabolic networks. Here, we explore the evolutionary dynamics of metabolic by focusing on the collection of metabolite levels, the metabolome, which captures aspects of cellular physiology. Using a phylogenetic framework, we profiled metabolites in 27 populations of nine budding yeast species, providing a graduated view of bolic variation across multiple evolutionary time scales. Metabolite levels evolve rapidly ...
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作者：Wytock, Thomas P.; Motter, Adilson E.
作者单位：Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University
摘要：Recent developments in synthetic biology, next -generation sequencing, and machine learning provide an unprecedented opportunity to rationally design new disease treatments based on measured responses to gene perturbations and drugs to reprogram cells. The main challenges to seizing this opportunity are the incomplete knowledge of the cellular network and the combinatorial explosion of possible interventions, both of which are insurmountable by experiments. To address these challenges, we deve...
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作者：Anees, Faisal; Montoya, Diego A.; Pisetsky, David S.; Payne, Christine K.
作者单位：Duke University; Duke University; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); Durham VA Medical Center
摘要：Autoimmune and inflammatory diseases are highly complex, limiting treatment and the development of new therapies. Recent work has shown that cell - free DNA bound to biological microparticles is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus, a prototypic autoimmune disease. However, the heterogeneity and technical challenges associated with the study of biological particles have hindered a mechanistic understanding of their role. Our goal was to develop a well- controlled DNA-particle model system to...
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作者：Chaudhary, Namit; Newby, Alexandra N.; Arral, Mariah L.; Yerneni, Saigopalakrishna S.; Lopresti, Samuel T.; Doerfler, Rose; Petersen, Daria M. Strelkova; Montoya, Catalina; Kim, Julie S.; Fox, Bethany; Coon, Tiffany; Malaney, Angela; Sadovsky, Yoel; Whitehead, Kathryn A.
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; Carnegie Mellon University; Carnegie Mellon University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Magee-Womens Research Institute
摘要：Treating pregnancy- related disorders is exceptionally challenging because the threat of maternal and/or fetal toxicity discourages the use of existing medications and hinders new drug development. One potential solution is the use of lipid nanoparticle (LNP) RNA therapies, given their proven efficacy, tolerability, and lack of fetal accumulation. Here, we describe LNPs for efficacious mRNA delivery to maternal organs in pregnant mice via several routes of administration. In the placenta, our ...
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作者：Dai, Panxi; Nie, Ji; Yu, Yan; Wu, Renguang
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Peking University; Peking University; China Meteorological Administration
摘要：The projected changes in the hydrological cycle under global warming remain highly uncertain across current climate models. Here, we demonstrate that the observational past warming trend can be utilized to effectively co1nstrain future projections in mean and extreme precipitation on both global and regional scales. The physical basis for such constraints relies on the relatively constant climate sensitivity in individual models and the reasonable consistency of regional hydrological sensitivi...
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作者：Papastavrou, Nikolaos; Horning, David P.; Joyce, Gerald F.
作者单位：Salk Institute
摘要：An RNA polymerase ribozyme that was obtained by directed evolution can propagate a functional RNA through repeated rounds of replication and selection, thereby enabling Darwinian evolution. Earlier versions of the polymerase did not have sufficient copying fidelity to propagate functional information, but a new variant with improved fidelity can replicate the hammerhead ribozyme through reciprocal synthesis of both the hammerhead and its complement, with the products then being selected for RN...
