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作者：Bonnet, Valentin; Maikranz, Erik; Madec, Marianne; Vertti-Quintero, Nadia; Cuche, Celine; Mastrogiovanni, Marta; Alcover, Andres; Di Bartolo, Vincenzo; Baroud, Charles N.
作者单位：Pasteur Network; Universite Paris Cite; Institut Pasteur Paris; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique; Pasteur Network; Universite Paris Cite; Institut Pasteur Paris; University of Geneva; Yeshiva University
摘要：Evaluating the ability of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) to eliminate tumor cells is crucial, for instance, to predict the efficiency of cell therapy in personalized medicine. However, the destruction of a tumor by CTLs involves CTL migration in the extra-tumoral environment, accumulation on the tumor, antigen recognition, and cooperation in killing the cancer cells. Therefore, identifying the limiting steps in this complex process requires spatio-temporal measurements of different cellular ev...
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作者：Lin, Zhenjian; Agarwal, Vinayak; Cong, Ying; Pomponi, Shirley A.; Schmidt, Eric W.
作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute Foundation; State University System of Florida; Florida Atlantic University
摘要：Sponges (Porifera) contain many peptide- specialized metabolites with potent biological activities and significant roles in shaping marine ecology. It is well established that symbiotic bacteria produce bioactive sponge peptides, both on the ribosome (RiPPs) and nonribosomally. Here, we demonstrate that sponges themselves also produce many bioactive macrocyclic peptides, such as phakellistatins and related proline-rich macrocyclic peptides (PRMPs). Using the Stylissa carteri sponge transcripto...
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作者：Velez-Ceron, Ignasi; Guillamat, Pau; Sagues, Francesc; Ignes-Mullol, Jordi
作者单位：University of Barcelona; University of Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology; Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya
摘要：In this work, we report a direct measurement of the forces exerted by a tubulin/kinesin active nematic gel as well as its complete rheological characterization, including the quantification of its shear viscosity, lb and its activity parameter, a. For this, we develop a method that allows us to rapidly photo -polymerize compliant elastic inclusions in the continuously remodeling active system. Moreover, we quantitatively settle longstanding theoretical predictions, such as a postulated relatio...
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作者：Xu, Feng; Zhang, Hongjian; Liu, Haodong; Han, Wenqi; Nie, Zhentao; Lu, Yufei; Wang, Haoyang; Zhu, Jixin
作者单位：Northwestern Polytechnical University; Henan University; Henan University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS
摘要：Silicone- based elastomers (SEs) have been extensively applied in numerous cutting- edge areas, including flexible electronics, biomedicine, 5G smart devices, mechanics, optics, soft robotics, etc. However, traditional strategies for the synthesis of polymer elastomers, such as bulk polymerization, suspension polymerization, solution polymerization, and emulsion polymerization, are inevitably restricted by long- time usage, organic solvent additives, high energy consumption, and environmental ...
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作者：Berger, Simone; Laechelt, Ulrich; Wagner, Ernst
作者单位：University of Munich; University of Munich; University of Vienna
摘要：Carriers for RNA delivery must be dynamic, first stabilizing and protecting therapeutic RNA during delivery to the target tissue and across cellular membrane barriers and then releasing the cargo in bioactive form. The chemical space of carriers ranges from small cationic lipids applied in lipoplexes and lipid nanoparticles, over medium- sized sequence- defined xenopeptides, to macromolecular poly-cations applied in polyplexes and polymer micelles. This perspective highlights the discovery of ...
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作者：Giubertoni, Giulia; Feng, Liru; Klein, Kevin; Giannetti, Guido; Rutten, Luco; Choi, Yeji; van der Net, Anouk; Castro-Linares, Gerard; Caporaletti, Federico; Micha, Dimitra; Hunger, Johannes; Deblais, Antoine; Bonn, Daniel; Sommerdijk, Nico; Saric, Andela; Ilie, Ioana M.; Koenderink, Gijsje H.; Woutersen, Sander
作者单位：University of Amsterdam; Institute of Science & Technology - Austria; University of London; University College London; Radboud University Nijmegen; Max Planck Society; Delft University of Technology; University of Amsterdam; University of Amsterdam; University of Amsterdam
摘要：Water is known to play an important role in collagen self -assembly, but it is still largely unclear how water-collagen interactions influence the assembly process and determine the fibril network properties. Here, we use the H2O/D2O isotope effect on the hydrogen -bond strength in water to investigate the role of hydration in collagen selfassembly. We dissolve collagen in H2O and D2O and compare the growth kinetics and the structure of the collagen assemblies formed in these water isotopomers...
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作者：Kojima, Yosuke; Ito, Ryosuke K.; Fukuyama, Ibuki; Ohkubo, Yusaku; Durso, Andrew M.
作者单位：Toho University; Kyoto University; Kyoto University; Okayama University; State University System of Florida; Florida Gulf Coast University
摘要：Warning coloration and Batesian mimicry are classic examples of Darwinian evolution, but empirical evolutionary patterns are often paradoxical. We test whether foraging costs predict the evolution of striking coloration by integrating genetic and ecological data for aposematic and mimetic snakes (Elapidae and Dipsadidae). Our phylogenetic comparison on a total of 432 species demonstrated that dramatic changes in coloration were well predicted by foraging strategy. Multiple tests consistently i...
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作者：Clarke, D. Nathaniel; Rose, Noah H.; De Meulenaere, Evelien; Rosental, Benyamin; Pearse, John S.; Pearse, Vicki Buchsbaum; Deheyn, Dimitri D.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of California System; University of California San Diego; Thermo Fisher Scientific; Stanford University; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Scripps Institution of Oceanography; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
摘要：Fluorescent proteins (FPs) are ubiquitous tools in research, yet their endogenous functions in nature are poorly understood. In this work, we describe a combination of functions for FPs in a clade of intertidal sea anemones whose FPs control a genetic color polymorphism together with the ability to combat oxidative stress. Focusing on the underlying genetics of a fluorescent green Neon color morph, we show that allelic differences in a single FP gene generate its strong and vibrant color, by i...
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作者：Moscoso, Miguel; Novikov, Alexei; Papanicolaou, George; Tsogka, Chrysoula
作者单位：Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Stanford University; University of California System; University of California Merced
摘要：We propose a method for imaging in scattering media when large and diverse datasets are available. It has two steps. Using a dictionary learning algorithm the first step estimates the true Green's function vectors as columns in an unordered sensing matrix. The array data comes from many sparse sets of sources whose location and strength are not known to us. In the second step, the columns of the estimated sensing matrix are ordered for imaging using the multidimensional scaling algorithm with ...
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作者：Wachalska, Magda; Riepe, Celeste; Slusarz, Magdalena J.; Graul, Malgorzata; Borowski, Lukasz S.; Qiao, Wenjie; Foltynska, Michalina; Carette, Jan E.; Szewczyk, Krystyna Bienkowska-; Szczesny, Roman J.; Kopito, Ron R.; Lipinska, Andrea D.
作者单位：Fahrenheit Universities; University of Gdansk; Fahrenheit Universities; Medical University Gdansk; Stanford University; Fahrenheit Universities; University of Gdansk; University of Warsaw; Stanford University; Polish Academy of Sciences; Institute of Biochemistry & Biophysics - Polish Academy of Sciences
摘要：The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) is a key player in the major histocompatibility class I- restricted antigen presentation and an attractive target for immune evasion by viruses. Bovine herpesvirus 1 impairs TAP- dependent antigenic peptide transport through a two- pronged mechanism in which binding of the UL49.5 gene product to TAP both inhibits peptide transport and triggers its proteasomal degradation. How UL49.5 promotes TAP degradation has, so far, remained unknown....
