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• Anthropogenic short- lived halogens increase human exposure to mercury contamination due to enhanced mercury oxidation over continents AI翻译
  作者：Fu, Xiao; Sun, Xianyi; Travnikov, Oleg; Li, Qinyi; Qin, Chuang; Cuevas, Carlos A.; Fernandez, Rafael P.; Mahajan, Anoop S.; Wang, Shuxiao; Wang, Tao; Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso
  作者单位：Tsinghua University; Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School; Slovenian Academy of Sciences & Arts (SASA); Jozef Stefan Institute; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Instituto de Quimica Fisica Blas Cabrera (IQF-CSIC); Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Shandong University; University Nacional Cuyo Mendoza; Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) - India; Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM); Centre for Climate Change Research - India; Tsinghua University
  摘要：Mercury (Hg) is a contaminant of global concern, and an accurate understanding of its atmospheric fate is needed to assess its risks to humans and ecosystem health. Atmospheric oxidation of Hg is key to the deposition of this toxic metal to the Earth's surface. Short - lived halogens (SLHs) can provide halogen radicals to directly oxidize Hg and perturb the budget of other Hg oxidants (e.g., OH and O3). In addition to known ocean emissions of halogens, recent observational evidence has reveale...
• A redox switch allows binding of Fe(II) and Fe(III) ions in the cyanobacterial iron- binding protein FutA from Prochlorococcus AI翻译
  作者：Bolton, Rachel; Machelett, Moritz M.; Stubbs, Jack; Axford, Danny; Caramello, Nicolas; Catapano, Lucrezia; Maly, Martin; Rodrigues, Matthew J.; Cordery, Charlotte; Tizzard, Graham J.; Macmillan, Fraser; Engilberge, Sylvain; von Stetten, David; Tosha, Takehiko; Sugimoto, Hiroshi; Worrall, Jonathan A. R.; Webb, Jeremy S.; Zubkov, Mike; Coles, Simon; Mathieu, Eric; Steiner, Roberto A.; Murshudov, Garib; Schrader, Tobias E.; Orville, Allen M.; Royant, Antoine; Evans, Gwyndaf; Hough, Michael A.; Owen, Robin L.; Tews, Ivo
  作者单位：University of Southampton; Diamond Light Source; NERC National Oceanography Centre; European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF); University of Hamburg; University of London; King's College London; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Medical Research Council UK (MRC); MRC Laboratory Molecular Biology; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Paul Scherrer Institute; University of Southampton; University of East Anglia; Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA); CEA; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL); RIKEN; University of Essex; University of Southampton; University of the Highlands & Islands; University of Padua; Helmholtz Association; Research Center Julich; Rosalind Franklin Institute
  摘要：The marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus is a main contributor to global photosynthesis, whilst being limited by iron availability. Cyanobacterial genomes generally encode two different types of FutA iron- binding proteins: periplasmic FutA2 ABC transporter subunits bind Fe(III), while cytosolic FutA1 binds Fe(II). Owing to their small size and their economized genome Prochlorococcus ecotypes typically possess a single futA gene. How the encoded FutA protein might bind different Fe oxidation ...
• 4D microvelocimetry reveals multiphase flow field perturbations in porous media AI翻译
  作者：Bultreys, Tom; Ellman, Sharon; Schlepuetz, Christian M.; Boone, Matthieu N.; Pakkaner, Gulce Kalyoncu; Wang, Shan; Borji, Mostafa; Van Offenwert, Stefanie; Goudarzi, Niloofar Moazami; Goethals, Wannes; Winardhi, Chandra Widyananda; Cnudde, Veerle
  作者单位：Ghent University; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Paul Scherrer Institute; Ghent University; Utrecht University
  摘要：Many environmental and industrial processes depend on how fluids displace each other in porous materials. However, the flow dynamics that govern this process are still poorly understood, hampered by the lack of methods to measure flows in optically opaque, microscopic geometries. We introduce a 4D microvelocimetry method based on high- resolution X-ray computed tomography with fast imaging rates (up to 4 Hz). We use this to measure flow fields during unsteady-state drainage, injecting a viscou...
• Distinct early role of PTEN regulation during HCMV infection of monocytes AI翻译
  作者：Chesnokova, Liudmila S.; Mosher, Bailey S.; Fulkerson, Heather L.; Nam, Hyung W.; Shakya, Akhalesh K.; Yurochko, Andrew D.
  作者单位：Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport; Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport; Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport; Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport; Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport; Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport; Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport
  摘要：Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection of monocytes is essential for viral dissemination and persistence. We previously identified that HCMV entry/internalization and subsequent productive infection of this clinically relevant cell type is distinct when compared to other infected cells. We showed that internalization and productive infection required activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and integrin/c-Src, via binding of viral glycoprotein B to EGFR, and the pentamer complex t...
• Increased methane emissions from oil and gas following the Soviet Union's collapse AI翻译
  作者：He, Tai -Long; Boyd, Ryan J.; Varon, Daniel J.; Turner, Alexander J.
  作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Harvard University
  摘要：Global atmospheric methane concentrations rose by 10 to 15 ppb/y in the 1980s before abruptly slowing to 2 to 8 ppb/y in the early 1990s. This period in the 1990s is known as the methane slowdown and has been attributed in part to the collapse of the former Soviet Union (USSR) in December 1991, which may have decreased the methane emissions from oil and gas operations. Here, we develop a methane plume detection system based on probabilistic deep learning and human -labeled training data. We us...
• East Asian summer monsoon delivers large abundances of very short-lived organic chlorine substances to the lower stratosphere AI翻译
  作者：Pan, Laura L.; Atlas, Elliot L.; Honomichl, Shawn B.; Smith, Warren P.; Kinnison, Douglas E.; Solomon, Susan; Santee, Michelle L.; Lopez, Alfonso Saiz-; Laube, Johannes C.; Wang, Bin; Ueyama, Rei; Bresch, James F.; Hornbrook, Rebecca S.; Apel, Eric C.; Hills, Alan J.; Treadaway, Victoria; Smith, Katie; Schauffler, Sue; Donnelly, Stephen; Hendershot, Roger; Lueb, Richard; Campos, Teresa; Viciani, Silvia; D'Amato, Francesco; Bianchini, Giovanni; Barucci, Marco; Podolske, James R.; Iraci, Laura T.; Gurganus, Colin; Bui, Paul; Dean-Day, Jonathan M.; Millan, Luis; Ryoo, Ju - Mee; Barletta, Barbara; Koo, Ja - Ho; Kim, Joowan; Liang, Qing; Randel, William J.; Thornberry, Troy; Newman, Paul A.
  作者单位：University of Miami; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); California Institute of Technology; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Instituto de Quimica Fisica Blas Cabrera (IQF-CSIC); Helmholtz Association; Research Center Julich; University of Hawaii System; University of Hawaii System; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Ames Research Center; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (INO-CNR); University of California System; University of California Irvine; Yonsei University; Kongju National University; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
  摘要：Deep convection in the Asian summer monsoon is a significant transport process for lifting pollutants from the planetary boundary layer to the tropopause level. This process enables efficient injection into the stratosphere of reactive species such as chlorinated very short-lived substances (Cl-VSLSs) that deplete ozone. Past studies of convective transport associated with the Asian summer monsoon have focused mostly on the south Asian summer monsoon. Airborne observations reported in this wor...
• The extent of introgression between incipient Clarkia species is determined by temporal environmental variation and mating system AI翻译
  作者：Sianta, Shelley A.; Moeller, David A.; Brandvain, Yaniv
  作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
  摘要：Introgression is pervasive across the tree of life but varies across taxa, geography, and genomic regions. However, the factors modulating this variation and how they may be affected by global change are not well understood. Here, we used 200 genomes and a 15- y site- specific environmental dataset to investigate the effects of environmental variation and mating system divergence on the magnitude of introgression between a recently diverged outcrosser- selfer pair of annual plants in the genus...
• Reply to Pisan et al.: Pathogenicity of inherited TRAF7 mutations in congenital heart disease AI翻译
  作者：Mishra-Gorur, Ketu; Barak, Tanyeri; Kaulen, Leon D.; Henegariu, Octavian; Jin, Sheng Chih; Aguilera, Stephanie Marie; Yalbir, Ezgi; Goles, Gizem; Nishimura, Sayoko; Miyagishima, Danielle; Djenoune, Lydia; Altinok, Selin; Rai, Devendra K.; Viviano, Stephen; Prendergast, Andrew; Zerillo, Cynthia; Ozcan, Kent; Baran, Burcin; Sencar, Leman; Goc, Nukte; Yarman, Yanki; Ercan-encicek, A. Gulhan; Bilguvar, Kaya; Lifton, Richard P.; Moliterno, Jennifer; Louvi, Angeliki; Yuan, Shiaulou; Deniz, Engin; Brueckner, Martina; Gunel, Murat
  作者单位：Yale University; Yale University; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Yale University; Yale University; Rockefeller University; Yale University; Yale University
• Extinct and extant termites reveal the fidelity of behavior fossilization in amber AI翻译
  作者：Mizumoto, Nobuaki; Hellemans, Simon; Engel, Michael S.; Bourguignon, Thomas; Bucek, Ales
  作者单位：Okinawa Institute of Science & Technology Graduate University; Okinawa Institute of Science & Technology Graduate University; Auburn University System; Auburn University; American Museum of Natural History (AMNH); Czech Academy of Sciences; Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences
  摘要：Fossils encompassing multiple individuals provide rare direct evidence of behavioral interactions among extinct organisms. However, the fossilization process can alter the spatial relationship between individuals and hinder behavioral reconstruction. Here, we report a Baltic amber inclusion preserving a female-male pair of the extinct termite species Electrotermes affinis. The head - to- abdomen contact in the fossilized pair resembles the tandem courtship behavior of extant termites, although...
• When memories get complex, sleep comes to their rescue AI翻译
  作者：Schechtman, Eitan
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of California System; University of California Irvine