East Asian summer monsoon delivers large abundances of very short-lived organic chlorine substances to the lower stratosphere

• 成果类型: Article
• 署名作者: Pan, Laura L.; Atlas, Elliot L.; Honomichl, Shawn B.; Smith, Warren P.; Kinnison, Douglas E.; Solomon, Susan; Santee, Michelle L.; Lopez, Alfonso Saiz-; Laube, Johannes C.; Wang, Bin; Ueyama, Rei; Bresch, James F.; Hornbrook, Rebecca S.; Apel, Eric C.; Hills, Alan J.; Treadaway, Victoria; Smith, Katie; Schauffler, Sue; Donnelly, Stephen; Hendershot, Roger; Lueb, Richard; Campos, Teresa; Viciani, Silvia; D'Amato, Francesco; Bianchini, Giovanni; Barucci, Marco; Podolske, James R.; Iraci, Laura T.; Gurganus, Colin; Bui, Paul; Dean-Day, Jonathan M.; Millan, Luis; Ryoo, Ju - Mee; Barletta, Barbara; Koo, Ja - Ho; Kim, Joowan; Liang, Qing; Randel, William J.; Thornberry, Troy; Newman, Paul A.
• 署名单位: University of Miami; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); California Institute of Technology; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Instituto de Quimica Fisica Blas Cabrera (IQF-CSIC); Helmholtz Association; Research Center Julich; University of Hawaii System; University of Hawaii System; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Ames Research Center; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; National Oceanic Atmospheric Admin (NOAA) - USA; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (INO-CNR); University of California System; University of California Irvine; Yonsei University; Kongju National University; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
• 刊物名称: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• ISSN/ISSBN: 0027-10707
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318716121
• 发表日期: 2024-03-19
• 关键词: meteorological measurement system; tropical lower stratosphere; upper troposphere; chloroform emissions; efficient transport; anticyclone; layer; pollution; pacific

摘要

Deep convection in the Asian summer monsoon is a significant transport process for lifting pollutants from the planetary boundary layer to the tropopause level. This process enables efficient injection into the stratosphere of reactive species such as chlorinated very short-lived substances (Cl-VSLSs) that deplete ozone. Past studies of convective transport associated with the Asian summer monsoon have focused mostly on the south Asian summer monsoon. Airborne observations reported in this work identify the East Asian summer monsoon convection as an effective transport pathway that carried record-breaking levels of ozone-depleting Cl-VSLSs (mean organic chlorine from these VSLSs similar to 500 ppt) to the base of the stratosphere. These unique observations show total organic chlorine from VSLSs in the lower stratosphere over the Asian monsoon tropopause to be more than twice that previously reported over the tropical tropopause. Considering the recently observed increase in Cl-VSLS emissions and the ongoing strengthening of the East Asian summer monsoon under global warming, our results highlight that a reevaluation of the contribution of Cl-VSLS injection via the Asian monsoon to the total stratospheric chlorine budget is warranted.