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作者：Mofidfar, Mohammad; Mehrgardi, Masoud A.; Xia, Yu; Zare, Richard N.
作者单位：Stanford University; University of Isfahan
摘要：Water microdroplets (7 to 11 mu m average diameter, depending on flow rate) are sprayed in a closed chamber at ambient temperature, whose relative humidity (RH) is controlled. The resulting concentration of ROS (reactive oxygen species) formed in the microdroplets, measured by the amount of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), is determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and by spectrofluorimetric assays after the droplets are collected. The results are found to agree closely with one another. In ad...
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作者：Kong, Xuhui; Li, Ruiqi; Chen, Manqi; Zheng, Rongyan; Wang, Jichang; Sun, Chuanbo; Qu, Yuliang
作者单位：Sun Yat Sen University; Sun Yat Sen University; Sun Yat Sen University; Guangzhou Medical University
摘要：Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are frequently reactivated in mammalian placenta. It has been proposed that ERVs contribute to shaping the gene regulatory network of mammalian trophoblasts, dominantly acting as species- and placental- specific enhancers. However, whether and how ERVs control human trophoblast development through alternative pathways remains poorly understood. Besides the well- recognized function of human endogenous retrovirus-H (HERVH) in maintaining pluripotency of early huma...
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作者：Wang, Zhifei; Chen, Mengying; Su, Qiang; Morais, Tiago D. C.; Wang, Yan; Nazginov, Elianna; Pillai, Akhilraj R.; Qian, Feng; Shi, Yigong; Yu, Yong
作者单位：St. John's University; Westlake University; Westlake Laboratory; Westlake University; Tsinghua University; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore
摘要：Mutations in the PKD2 gene, which encodes the polycystin-2 (PC2, also called TRPP2) protein, lead to autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). As a member of the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel superfamily, PC2 functions as a non- selective cation channel. The activation and regulation of the PC2 channel are largely unknown, and direct binding of small- molecule ligands to this channel has not been reported. In this work, we found that most known small- molecule agonists...
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作者：Zhang, Tianning; Yan, Qizhi; Yang, Xiaosheng; Ma, Weiliang; Chen, Runkun; Zhang, Xin; Janzen, Eli; Edgar, James H.; Qiu, Cheng-Wei; Zhang, Xinliang; Li, Peining
作者单位：Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Kansas State University; National University of Singapore; Xidian University
摘要：In conventional thin materials, the diffraction limit of light constrains the number of waveguide modes that can exist at a given frequency. However, layered van der Waals (vdW) materials, such as hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), can surpass this limitation due to their dielectric anisotropy, exhibiting positive permittivity along one optic axis and negativity along the other. This enables the propagation of hyperbolic rays within the material bulk and an unlimited number of subdiffractional mod...
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作者：Even-Zohar, Chaim; Lakrec, Tsviqa; Parisi, Matteo; Sherman-Bennett, Melissa; Tessler, Ran; Williams, Lauren
作者单位：Technion Israel Institute of Technology; University of Geneva; Harvard University; Institute for Advanced Study - USA; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Weizmann Institute of Science; Harvard University
摘要：In 2005, Britto, Cachazo, Feng, and Witten gave a recurrence (now known as the BCFW recurrence) for computing scattering amplitudes in N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory. Arkani-Hamed and Trnka subsequently introduced the amplituhedron to give a geometric interpretation of the BCFW recurrence. Arkani-Hamed and Trnka conjectured that each way of iterating the BCFW recurrence gives a triangulation or tiling of the m=4 amplituhedron. In this article, we prove the BCFW tiling conjecture of Arkani-Hamed...
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作者：Olschewski, Sebastian; Spektor, Mikhail S.; Le Mens, Gael
作者单位：University of Basel; University of Warwick; University of Warwick; Pompeu Fabra University
摘要：Do people's attitudes toward the (a)symmetry of an outcome distribution affect their choices? Financial investors seek return distributions with frequent small returns but few large ones, consistent with leading models of choice in economics and finance that assume right -skewed preferences. In contrast, many experiments in which decision -makers learn about choice options through experience find the opposite choice tendency, in favor of left -skewed options. To reconcile these seemingly contr...
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作者：Cheng, Jianbo; Wang, Zhen; Tang, Manpei; Zhang, Wen; Li, Guozhong; Tan, Senwei; Mu, Chenjun; Hu, Mengyuan; Zhang, Dan; Jia, Xiangbin; Wen, Yangxuan; Guo, Hui; Xu, Dan; Liu, Liang; Li, Jiada; Xia, Kun; Li, Faxiang; Duan, Ranhui; Xu, Zhiheng; Yuan, Ling
作者单位：Central South University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Institute of Genetics & Developmental Biology, CAS; Central South University; Fujian Medical University; Capital Medical University
摘要：KCTD10 belongs to the KCTD (potassiumchannel tetramerization domain) family, many members of which are associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the biological function underlying the association with brain disorders remains to be explored. Here, we reveal that Kctd10 is highly expressed in neuronal progenitors and layer V neurons throughout brain development. Kctd10 deficiency triggers abnormal proliferation and differentiation of neuronal progenitors, reduced deep - layer (especia...
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作者：Chowdhury, Anirban; Ventura, Gregory T.; Owino, Yaisa; Lalk, Ellen J.; Macadam, Natasha; Dooma, John M.; Ono, Shuhei; Fowler, Martin; Macdonald, Adam; Bennett, Robbie; Macrae, R. Andrew; Hubert, Casey R. J.; Bentley, Jeremy N.; Kerr, Mitchell J.
作者单位：Saint Marys University - Canada; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Natural Resources Canada; Lands & Minerals Sector - Natural Resources Canada; Geological Survey of Canada; University of Calgary
摘要：Deep sea cold seeps are sites where hydrogen sulfide, methane, and other hydrocarbon - rich fluids vent from the ocean floor. They are an important component of Earth's carbon cycle in which subsurface hydrocarbons form the energy source for highly diverse benthic micro- and macro - fauna in what is otherwise vast and spartan sea scape. Passive continental margin cold seeps are typically attributed to the migration of hydrocarbons generated from deeply buried source rocks. Many of these seeps ...
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作者：Gallinson, Dylan G.; Kozakiewicz, Christopher P.; Rautsaw, Rhett M.; Beer, Marc A.; Ruiz-Aravena, Manuel; Comte, Sebastien; Hamilton, David G.; Kerlin, Douglas H.; Mccallum, Hamish I.; Hamede, Rodrigo; Jones, Menna E.; Storfer, Andrew; Mcminds, Ryan; Margres, Mark J.
作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of South Florida; State University System of Florida; University of South Florida; Washington State University; Michigan State University; University of Tasmania; Cornell University; Department of Primary Industries & Regional Development NSW; Griffith University
摘要：Coevolution is common and frequently governs host-pathogen interaction outcomes. Phenotypes underlying these interactions often manifest as the combined products of the genomes of interacting species, yet traditional quantitative trait mapping approaches ignore these intergenomic interactions. Devil facial tumor disease (DFTD), an infectious cancer afflicting Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii), has decimated devil populations due to universal host susceptibility and a fatality rate approa...
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作者：Cahuantzi, Roberto; Lythgoe, Katrina A.; Hall, Ian; Pellis, Lorenzo; House, Thomas
作者单位：University of Manchester; University of Oxford; University of Oxford; University of Oxford; University of Oxford
摘要：Since its emergence in late 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has diversified into a large number of lineages and caused multiple waves of infection globally. Novel lineages have the potential to spread rapidly and internationally if they have higher intrinsic transmissibility and/or can evade host immune responses, as has been seen with the Alpha, Delta, and Omicron variants of concern. They can also cause increased mortality and morbidity if they have increased virulence, as was seen for Alpha and Delta. Phy...
