-
作者：Ducker, Charles; Baines, Cameron; Guy, Jennifer; Santana, Antonio Euzebio Goulart; Pickett, John A.; Oldham, Neil J.
作者单位：University of Nottingham; Universidade Federal de Alagoas; Cardiff University
摘要：The phlebotomine sandfly, Lutzomyia longipalpis, a major vector of the Leishmania parasite, uses terpene pheromones to attract conspecifics for mating. Examination of the L. longipalpis genome revealed a putative terpene synthase (TPS), which-upon heterologous expression in, and purification from, Escherichia coli-yielded a functional enzyme. The TPS, termed LlTPS, converted geranyl diphosphate (GPP) into a mixture of monoterpenes with low efficiency, of which beta- ocimene was the major produ...
-
作者：Deng, Xingguang; Peng, Felicia Lei; Tang, Xiaoya; Lee, Yuh-Ru Julie; Lin, Hong-Hui; Liu, Bo
作者单位：Sichuan University; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) ensures faithful chromosome segregation during cell division by monitoring kinetochore- microtubule attachment. Plants produce both sequence- conserved and diverged SAC components, and it has been largely unknown how SAC activation leads to the assembly of these proteins at unattached kinetochores to prevent cells from entering anaphase. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the noncanonical BUB3.3 protein was detected at kinetochores throughout mitosis, unlike MAD1 an...
-
作者：Shoriki, Kentaro; Moriishi, Keigo; Okamura, Yoshihiro; Yokoi, Kohei; Usui, Hidetomo; Murakawa, Hiroshi; Sakai, Hideaki; Hanasaki, Noriaki; Tokura, Yoshinori; Takahashi, Youtarou
作者单位：University of Tokyo; University of Tokyo; Gakushuin University; Shimane University; University of Osaka; RIKEN; University of Tokyo
摘要：Weyl semimetals resulting from either inversion (P) or time- reversal (T) symmetry breaking have been revealed to show the record- breaking large optical response due to intense Berry curvature of Weyl-node pairs. Different classes of Weyl semimetals with both P and T symmetry breaking potentially exhibit optical magnetoelectric (ME) responses, which are essentially distinct from the previously observed optical responses in conventional Weyl semimetals, leading to the versatile functions such ...
-
作者：Groh, Jeffrey S.; Coop, Graham
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：Genomic evidence supports an important role for selection in shaping patterns of introgression along the genome, but frameworks for understanding the evolutionary dynamics within hybrid populations that underlie these patterns have been lacking. Due to the clock -like effect of recombination in hybrids breaking up parental haplotypes, drift and selection produce predictable patterns of ancestry variation at varying spatial genomic scales through time. Here, we develop methods based on the Disc...
-
作者：Keith, Marianne; de la Torriente, Alba Park; Chalka, Antonia; Vallejo-Trujillo, Adriana; Mcateer, Sean P.; Paterson, Gavin K.; Low, Alison S.; Gally, David L.
作者单位：UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); Roslin Institute; University of Edinburgh; University of Edinburgh
摘要：This study supports the development of predictive bacteriophage (phage) therapy: the concept of phage cocktail selection to treat a bacterial infection based on machine learning (ML) models. For this purpose, ML models were trained on thousands of measured interactions between a panel of phage and sequenced bacterial isolates. The concept was applied to Escherichia coli associated with urinary tract infections. This is an important common infection in humans and companion animals from which mu...
-
作者：Sarker, Arnab; Northrup, Natalie; Jadbabaie, Ali
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Higher-order network models are becoming increasingly relevant for their ability to explicitly capture interactions between three or more entities in a complex system at once. In this paper, we study homophily, the tendency for alike individuals to form connections, as it pertains to higher-order interactions. We find that straightforward extensions of classical homophily measures to interactions of size 3 and larger are often inflated by homophily present in pairwise interactions. This inflat...
-
作者：Han, Yifeng; Ou, Yunbo; Sun, Hualei; Kopaczek, Jan; Leonel, Gerson J.; Guo, Xin; Brugman, Benjamin L.; Leinenweber, Kurt; Xu, Hongwu; Wang, Meng; Tongay, Sefaattin; Navrotsky, Alexandra
作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Sun Yat Sen University; Wroclaw University of Science & Technology; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Sun Yat Sen University
摘要：Nitrogen doped lutetium hydride has drawn global attention in the pursuit of room- temperature superconductivity near ambient pressure and temperature. However, variable synthesis techniques and uncertainty surrounding nitrogen concentration have contributed to extensive debate within the scientific community about this material and its properties. We used a solid - state approach to synthesize nitrogen doped lutetium hydride at high pressure and temperature (HPT) and analyzed the residual sta...
-
作者：Jimenez, Courtney A.; Meyer, Meghan L.; Falk, Emily B.; Gazzaniga, Michael S.
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：Sociality is a defining feature of the human experience: We rely on others to ensure survival and cooperate in complex social networks to thrive. Are there brain mechanisms that help ensure we quickly learn about our social world to optimally navigate it? We tested whether portions of the brain's default network engage by default to quickly prioritize social learning during the memory consolidation process. To test this possibility, participants underwent functional MRI (fMRI) while viewing sc...
-
作者：Solis, Francisco Venegas-; Staliunaite, Laura; Rudolph, Elisa; Muench, Carina Chan - Song; Yu, Philipp; Freibert, Sven - A.; Maeda, Takahiro; Zimmer, Christine L.; Moebs, Christian; Keller, Christian; Kaufmann, Andreas; Bauer, Stefan
作者单位：Philipps University Marburg; Philipps University Marburg; Philipps University Marburg; Philipps University Marburg; Nagasaki University; Philipps University Marburg
摘要：Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) produce type I interferons (IFNs) after sensing viral/bacterial RNA or DNA by toll - like receptor (TLR) 7 or TLR9, respectively. However, aberrant pDCs activation can cause adverse effects on the host and contributes to the pathogenesis of type I IFN- related autoimmune diseases. Here, we show that heparin interacts with the human pDCs- specific blood dendritic cell antigen 2 (BDCA-2) but not with related lectins such as DCIR or dectin-2. Importantly, BDCA-...
-
作者：Bian, Zhuyun; Wang, Zeyi; Wang, Diwen; Xu, Jin- Rong
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要：A - to - I RNA editing catalyzed by adenosine- deaminase- acting - on - RNA (ADARs) was assumed to be unique to metazoans because fungi and plants lack ADAR homologs. However, genome-wide messenger RNA (mRNA) editing was found to occur specifically during sexual reproduction in filamentous ascomycetes. Because systematic characterization of adenosine/cytosine deaminase genes has implicated the involvement of TAD2 and TAD3 orthologs in A-to-I editing, in this study, we used genetic and biochemi...
