42期

最新文章

• Revealing OH species in situ generated on low- valence Cu sites for selective carbonyl oxidation AI翻译
  作者：Cao, Yang; Zhang, Qiaozhi; Yu, Iris K. M.; Tsang, Daniel C. W.
  作者单位：Hong Kong Polytechnic University; National University of Singapore; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
  摘要：Catalytic oxidation through the transfer of lattice oxygen from metal oxides to reactants, namely the Mars-van Krevelen mechanism, has been widely reported. In this study, we evidence the overlooked oxidation route that features the in situ formation of surface OH species on Cu catalysts and its selective addition to the reactant carbonyl group. We observed that glucose oxidation to gluconic acid in air (21% O2) was favored on low- valence Cu sites according to X- ray spectroscopic analyses. M...
• Surging compound drought-heatwaves underrated in global soils AI翻译
  作者：Fan, Xingwang; Zhang, Yunlin; Shi, Kun; Peng, Jian; Liu, Yongwei; Zhou, Yongqiang; Liu, Yuanbo; Zhu, Qing; Song, Chunqiao; Wan, Rongrong; Zhao, Xiaosong; Woolway, R. Iestyn
  作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, CAS; Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research (UFZ); Leipzig University; Bangor University
  摘要：Compound drought-heatwaves (CDHWs) accelerate the warming and drying of soils, triggering soil compound drought-heatwaves (SCDHWs) that jeopardize the health of soil ecosystems. Nevertheless, the behavior of these events worldwide and their responses to climatic warming are underexplored. Here, we show a global escalation in the frequency, duration, peak intensity, and severity of SCDHWs, as well as an increase in affected land area, from 1980 to 2023. The increasing trends, which are particul...
• Graphene/chitosan nanoreactors for ultrafast and precise recovery and catalytic conversion of gold from electronic waste AI翻译
  作者：Yang, Kou; Nikolaev, Konstantin G.; Li, Xiaolai; Ivanov, Artemii; Bong, Jia Hui; Erofeev, Ivan; Mirsaidov, Utkur M.; Kravets, Vasyl G.; Grigorenko, Alexander N.; Zhang, Shanqing; Qiu, Xueqing; Novoselov, Kostya S.; V. Andreeva, Daria
  作者单位：National University of Singapore; Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials (I-FIM); Guangdong University of Technology; National University of Singapore; National University of Singapore; National University of Singapore; National University of Singapore; University of Manchester
  摘要：The extraction of gold (Au) from electronic waste (e- waste) has both environmental impact and inherent value. Improper e- waste disposal poses environmental and health risks, entailing substantial remediation and healthcare costs. Large efforts are applied for the recovery of Au from e- waste using complex processes which include the dissolution of Au, its adsorption in an ionic state and succeeding reduction to metallic Au. These processes themselves being complex and utilizing harsh chemica...
• The topology and geometry of neural representations AI翻译
  作者：Lin, Baihan; Kriegeskorte, Nikolaus
  作者单位：Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Columbia University; Columbia University; Columbia University
  摘要：A central question for neuroscience is how to characterize brain representations of perceptual and cognitive content. An ideal characterization should distinguish different functional regions with robustness to noise and idiosyncrasies of individual brains that do not correspond to computational differences. Previous studies have characterized brain representations by their representational geometry, which is defined by the representational dissimilarity matrix (RDM), a summary statistic that ...
• The extension of mammalian pregnancy required taming inflammation: Independent evolution of extended placentation in the tammar wallaby AI翻译
  作者：Dudley, Jessica S.; Renfree, Marilyn B.; Wagner, Guenter P.; Griffith, Oliver W.
  作者单位：Macquarie University; University of Melbourne; Yale University; Yale University; University of Vienna
  摘要：In the first live- bearing mammals, pregnancy was likely short and ended with a brief period of inflammatory maternal-fetal interaction. This mode of reproduction has been retained in many marsupials. While inflammation is key to successful implantation in eutherians, a key innovation in eutherians is the ability to switch off this inflammation after it has been initiated. This extended period, in which inflammation is suppressed, likely allowed for an extended period of placentation. Extended...
• The endoplasmic reticulum as an active liquid network AI翻译
  作者：Scott, ZubenelgenubiC.; Steen, Samuel B.; Huber, Greg; Westrate, Laura M.; Koslover, Elena F.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Calvin University; Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI)
  摘要：The peripheral endoplasmic reticulum (ER) forms a dense, interconnected, and constantly evolving network of membrane-bound tubules in eukaryotic cells. While individual structural elements and the morphogens that stabilize them have been described, a quantitative understanding of the dynamic large-scale network topology remains elusive. We develop a physical model of the ER as an active liquid network, governed by a balance of tension-driven shrinking and new tubule growth. This minimalist mod...
• Adolescent alcohol consumption predicted by differences in electrophysiological functional connectivity and neuroanatomy AI翻译
  作者：del Cerro-Leon, Alberto; Anton-Toro, Luis Fernando; Bilan, Danylyna Shpakivska-; Uceta, Marcos; Santos- Mayo, Alejandro; Cuesta, Pablo; Bruna, Ricardo; Garcia-Moreno, Luis M.; Maestu, Fernando
  作者单位：Complutense University of Madrid; Complutense University of Madrid; Camilo Jose Cela University; Complutense University of Madrid; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; Hospital Clinico San Carlos; Complutense University of Madrid; Complutense University of Madrid
  摘要：Alcohol consumption during adolescence has been associated with neuroanatomical abnormalities and the appearance of future disorders. However, the latest advances in this field point to the existence of risk profiles which may lead to some individuals into an early consumption. To date, some studies have established predictive models of consumption based on sociodemographic, behavioral, and anatomical-functional variables using MRI. However, the neuroimaging variables employed are usually rest...
• A multilocus perspective on the evolutionary dynamics of multistrain pathogens AI翻译
  作者：McLeod, David V.; Bank, Claudia; Gandon, Sylvain
  作者单位：Universite de Montreal; University of Bern; Universite PSL; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE); Institut Agro; Montpellier SupAgro; CIRAD; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Universite Paul-Valery; Universite de Montpellier
  摘要：Many human pathogens, including malaria, dengue, influenza, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and cytomegalovirus, coexist as multiple genetically distinct strains. Understanding how these multistrain pathogens evolve is of critical importance for forecasting epidemics and predicting the consequences of vaccination. One factor believed to play an important role is naturally acquired immunity. Consequently, a large body of research has sought to predict how acquired immunity molds the genomics of patho...
• Protection efforts have resulted in ∼ 10% of existing fish biomass on coral reefs AI翻译
  作者：Caldwell, Iain R.; McClanahan, Tim R.; Oddenyo, Remy M.; Graham, Nicholas A. J.; Beger, Maria; Vigliola, Laurent; Sandin, Stuart A.; Friedlander, Alan M.; Randriamanantsoa, Bemahafaly; Wantiez, Laurent; Green, Alison L.; Humphries, Austin T.; Hardt, Marah J.; Caselle, Jennifer E.; Feary, David A.; Karkarey, Rucha; Jadot, Catherine; Hoey, Andrew S.; Eurich, Jacob G.; Wilson, Shaun K.; Crane, Nicole; Tupper, Mark; Ferse, Sebastian C. A.; Maire, Eva; Mouillot, David; Cinner, Joshua E.
  作者单位：University of Sydney; James Cook University; Wildlife Conservation Society; Lancaster University; University of Leeds; University of Queensland; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); University of La Reunion; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Ifremer; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Scripps Institution of Oceanography; National Geographic Society; University of Hawaii System; University of Rhode Island; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; James Cook University; University of Western Australia; University of Cumbria; Leibniz Association; Leibniz Zentrum fur Marine Tropenforschung (ZMT); University of Bremen; Bogor Agricultural University; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Montpellier; Ifremer; Universite Paris Cite
  摘要：The amount of ocean protected from fishing and other human impacts has often been used as a metric of conservation progress. However, protection efforts have highly variable outcomes that depend on local conditions, which makes it difficult to quantify what coral reef protection efforts to date have actually achieved at a global scale. Here, we develop a predictive model of how local conditions influence conservation outcomes on similar to 2,600 coral reef sites across 44 ecoregions, which we ...
• Shade- induced ROS/NO reinforce COPT- mediated diffuse cell growth AI翻译
  作者：Iglesias, Maria Jose; Rojas, Cecilia Costigliolo; Bianchimano, Luciana; Legris, Martina; Schon, Jonas; Grozeff, Gustavo Esteban Gergoff; Bartoli, Carlos Guillermo; Blazquez, Miguel A.; Alabadi, David; Zurbriggen, Matias D.; Casal, Jorge J.
  作者单位：Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); Leloir Institute; University of Buenos Aires; University of Buenos Aires; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); Universitat Politecnica de Valencia; CSIC-UPV - Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP); Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf; National University of La Plata; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); National University of La Plata; Museo La Plata; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); University of Buenos Aires
  摘要：Canopy shade enhances the activity of PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs) to boost auxin synthesis in the cotyledons. Auxin, together with local PIFs and promotes hypocotyl growth to facilitate access to light. Whether shade alters the cellular redox status thereby affecting growth responses, remains unexplored. Here, we show that, under shade, high auxin levels increased reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide accumulation in the hypocotyl of Arabidopsis. This nitroxidative environment fa...