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• Urban environments increase generalization of hummingbird- plant networks across climate gradients AI翻译
  作者：Maruyama, Pietro Kiyoshi; Bosenbecker, Camila; Cardoso, Joao Custodio F.; Sonne, Jesper; Ballarin, Caio S.; Souza, Camila S.; Leguizamon, Johana; Lopes, Ariadna Valentina; Maglianesi, Maria A.; Otarola, Mauricio Fernandez; Parra, Juan L.; Pena, Joao Carlos; Ramirez-Burbano, Monica B.; Rodriguez-Flores, Claudia I.; Rech, Andre R.; Zanata, Thais B.; Acevedo-Quintero, Juan Fernando; Almeida, Gabriela; Anselmo, Pedro Amaral; Amorim, Felipe W.; Montoya-Arango, Sergio; Araujo, Andrea Cardoso; Araujo, Francielle Paulina de; Arizmendi, Maria del Coro; Brito, Lucilene; Castillo-Garcia, Alejandra; Cherutte, Amanda Graciela; Costa, Carolina Figueredo; Ferreira, Fernando Henrique Santos; Filho, Manoel Martins Dias; Frota, Angelica Vilas Boas da; Iepsen, Alice Scheer; Freitas, Leandro; Almeida, Ingrid Gabriela de; Gomes, Ana Caroline Silva; Hachuy-Filho, Leandro; Lara, Carlos; Lasprilla, Liliana Rosero; Llano, Julian; Nakamura, Vivian; Neto, Edvaldo Nunes; Nunes, Cristiane Estrela C.; Machado, Caio Graco; Maianne, Monique; Gomez, Oscar Marin-; Marquez-Luna, Ubaldo; Mendes, Ruara Soares; Mesa, Juan Guillermo; Oliveira, Rafael; Lima-Passos, Jeane; Pereira, Janayna Andreza S.; Restrepo-Gonzalez, Alejandro; Rigotto, Sarah Mendonca; Rodrigues, Bruno Magro; Rui, Ana Maria; Ruiz, Diana Betancur; Sandoval, Luis; Santana, Carina Araujo; Silva, Jessica Luiza S.; Silva, Larissa Lais; Santos, Vinicius Calda; Silva, Paulo Antonio; Vargas-Espinosa, Maria Cristina; Vitorino, Breno Dias; Wolowski, Marina; Sazima, Ivan; Sazima, Marlies; Dalsgaard, Bo; Vizentin-Bugoni, Jeferson; Oliveira, Paulo E.
  作者单位：Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Universidade Federal de Uberlandia; Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto; University of Copenhagen; Universidade Estadual Paulista; Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros; Universidad Pedagogica y Tecnologica de Colombia (UPTC); Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED); Universidad Costa Rica; Universidad de Antioquia; Universidade Estadual Paulista; Corporacion Universitaria Minuto de Dios (UNIMINUTO); El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR); Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM); Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso; Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana; Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul; Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul (UERGS); Universidade do Oeste Paulista; Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana; Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos; Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidad Pedagogica y Tecnologica de Colombia (UPTC); Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul; Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos; Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos; Universidade de Sao Paulo; Universidad del Quindio; Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul (UERGS); Universidade Federal do Parana; Universidade Federal do Parana; Universidade Federal de Alfenas; Universidade Federal de Alfenas; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Universidade de Sao Paulo; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; University of Copenhagen; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Universidade Federal de Uberlandia
  摘要：Urbanization has reshaped the distribution of biodiversity on Earth, but we are only beginning to understand its effects on ecological communities. While urbanization may have homogenization effects strong enough to blur the large- scale patterns in interaction networks, urban community patterns may still be associated with climate gradients reflecting large- scale biogeographical processes. Using 103 hummingbird-plant mutualistic networks across continental Americas, including 176 hummingbird...
• The environmental and social opportunities of reducing sugar intake AI翻译
  作者：Shepon, Alon; Sun, Zhongxiao; Makov, Tamar; Behrens, Paul; Barrett, Christopher
  作者单位：Tel Aviv University; China Agricultural University; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; University of Oxford; Leiden University; Leiden University - Excl LUMC
  摘要：Sugar is the largest agricultural crop by mass and has seen a rapid increase in consumption around the world. There are widespread public health efforts to curb sugar intake through targeted policies given its association with noncommunicable diseases. Although curbing sugar intake aligns with sustainable diets that meet essential environmental and health targets, such a shift may be challenging from a political economy perspective. Utilizing sugar for other purposes such as the production of ...
• Forward and backward modeling of cultural evolutionary processes AI翻译
  作者：Wakano, Joe Y.; Aoki, Kenichi
  作者单位：Meiji University; University of Tokyo
  摘要：Modern cultural evolution theory adopts a variety of concepts and methods developed in mathematical biology, in particular population genetics theory. In addition to forward- looking approaches such as two- locus models, backward- looking approaches such as coalescent theory, which describe ancestral states of the current population, have played an important role in population genetics. Here, we show how forward and backward approaches can be applied to two examples in cultural evolution. The ...
• Identification of FBLL1 as a neuron- specific RNA 2′- O- methyltransferase mediating neuronal differentiation AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Deyu; Li, Bo; Xu, Henan; Li, Jingying; Ma, Chao; Ge, Wei; Lu, Congcong; Cao, Xuetao
  作者单位：Nankai University; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College; Peking Union Medical College; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College
  摘要：2 '- O- methylation is one of the most prevalent RNA modifications found in different RNA types. However, the identities of enzymes participating in the transfer of methyl groups are not well defined. To date, fibrillarin (FBL) is the only known small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (snoRNP) 2 '- O- methyltransferase. Whether other snoRNP 2 '- O- methyltransferases exist and their functions in targeting RNAs to determine cell differentiation and function need to be elucidated. Here, we identify FB...
• A global assessment of plant-mite mutualism and its ecological drivers AI翻译
  作者：Myers, Andrew; Martin, Bruce; Yonenaga, Jenna; Agrawal, Anurag A.; Weber, Marjorie G.
  作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Michigan State University; University of California System; University of California Davis; Cornell University
  摘要：Mutualisms are mediated by adaptive traits of interacting organisms and play a central role in the ecology and evolution of species. Thousands of plant species possess tiny structures called domatia that house mites which protect plants from pests, yet these traits remain woefully understudied. Here, we release a worldwide database of species with mite domatia and provide an evaluation of the phylogenetic and geographic distribution of this mutualistic trait. With >2,500 additions based on dig...
• Cultural evolution: Where we have been and where we are going (maybe) AI翻译
  作者：Boyd, Robert; Richerson, Peter J.
  作者单位：Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; University of California System; University of California Davis
  摘要：The study of cultural evolution using ideas from population biology began about 50 y ago, with the work of L.L. Cavalli-Sforza, Marcus Feldman, and ourselves. It has grown from this small beginning into a vital field with many publications and its own scientific society. In this essay, we give our perspective on the origins of the field and current unanswered questions.
• Trade-offs, control conditions, and alternative designs in the experimental study of cultural evolution AI翻译
  作者：Derex, Maxime; Edmiston, Pierce; Lupyan, Gary; Mesoudi, Alex
  作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Exeter
  摘要：Although the theoretical foundations of the modern field of cultural evolution have been in place for over 50 y, laboratory experiments specifically designed to test cultural evolutionary theory have only existed for the last two decades. Here, we review the main experimental designs used in the field of cultural evolution, as well as major findings related to the generation of cultural variation, content- and model- based biases, cumulative cultural evolution, and nonhuman culture. We then id...
• Frontotemporal network contribution to occluded face processing AI翻译
  作者：Noroozi, Jalaledin; Rezayat, Ehsan; Dehaqani, Mohammad-Reza A.
  作者单位：Tarbiat Modares University; Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences IPM; University of Tehran; University of Tehran
  摘要：Primates are known for their exceptional ability to recognize faces. However, we still have much to learn about how their brains process faces when they are partially hidden. When we cover parts of a face, it affects how our brains respond, even though we still perceive the face as a whole. This suggests that complex brain networks are at work in understanding partially hidden faces. To explore this further, we studied two brain regions, the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) and the infe...
• Ferromagnetic stability optimization via oxygen- vacancy control in single- atom Co/TiO2 nanostructures AI翻译
  作者：Paidi, Vinod K.; Lee, Byoung-Hoon; Lee, Alex Taekyung; Ismail-Beigi, Sohrab; Grishaeva, Elizaveta; Vasala, Sami; Glatzel, Pieter; Ko, Wonjae; Ahn, Docheon; Hyeon, Taeghwan; Kim, Younghak; Lee, Kug-Seung
  作者单位：European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF); Korea University; Yale University; Institute for Basic Science - Korea (IBS); Seoul National University (SNU); Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH)
  摘要：Oxygen vacancies and their correlation with the nanomagnetism and electronic structure are crucial for applications in dilute magnetic semiconductors design applications. Here, we report on cobalt single atom-incorporated titanium dioxide (TiO2) monodispersed nanoparticles synthesized using a thermodynamic redistribution strategy. Using advanced synchrotron-based X-ray techniques and simulations, we find trivalent titanium is absent, indicating trivalent cations do not influence ferromagnetic ...
• Molecular basis for chemokine recognition and activation of XCR1 AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Xuan; Schlimgen, Roman R.; Singh, Stephanie; Tomani, Michael P.; Volkman, Brian F.; Zhang, Cheng
  作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh; Medical College of Wisconsin; Medical College of Wisconsin; University of Rochester
  摘要：The X- C motif chemokine receptor XCR1, which selectively binds to the chemokine XCL1, is highly expressed in conventional dendritic cells subtype 1 (cDC1s) and crucial for their activation. Modulating XCR1 signaling in cDC1s could offer novel opportunities in cancer immunotherapy and vaccine development by enhancing the antigen presentation function of cDC1s. To investigate the molecular mechanism of XCL- induced XCR1 signaling, we determined a high- resolution structure of the human XCR1 and...