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作者：Levy, Janet E.; Marquardt, William H.; Stein, Julie K.
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Charlotte; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
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作者：Liu, Lu; Cui, Zhihan; Kunreuther, Howard; Heal, Geoffrey
作者单位：New York University; NYU Shanghai; Peking University; University of Pennsylvania; Columbia University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：We develop a game- theoretic model of strategic interdependence and tipping in public policy choices and show that the model can be estimated by probit and logit estimators. We test its validity and applicability by using daily data on state- level COVID-19 responses in the United States. Social distancing via shelter- in- place (SIP) strategies and wearing masks emerged as the most effective nonpharmaceutical ways of combatting COVID-19. In the United States, choices about these policies are ...
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作者：Ribeiro, Ingrid de Almeida; Dhabal, Debdas; Kumar, Rajat; Banik, Suvo; Sankaranarayanan, Subramanian K. R. S.; Molinero, Valeria
作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Argonne National Laboratory; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; Indian Institute of Technology System (IIT System); Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) - Guwahati
摘要：Recent experiments revealed a new amorphous ice phase, medium-density amorphous ice (MDA), formed by ball-milling ice I-h at 77 K [Rosu-Finsen et al., Science 379, 474-478 (2023)]. MDA has density between that of low-density amorphous (LDA) and high-density amorphous (HDA) ices, adding to the complexity of water's phase diagram, known for its glass polyamorphism and two-state thermodynamics. The nature of MDA and its relation to other amorphous ices and liquid water remain unsolved. Here, we u...
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作者：De Russi, Gaia; Lanzoni, Mattia; Bisazza, Angelo; Domenici, Paolo; Castaldelli, Giuseppe; Bertolucci, Cristiano; Lucon-Xiccato, Tyrone
作者单位：University of Ferrara; University of Ferrara; University of Padua; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto di Biofisica (IBF-CNR)
摘要：Variability within species is key for adaptability and biological evolution. To understand individualities in the context of animal movement, we focused on one of the most remarkable migrations-the journey of the endangered European eel from their birthplace in the Sargasso Sea to freshwater environments. Laboratory observations unveiled a continuum of diverse phenotypes of migrating eels: Some displayed a heightened tendency to swim against a constant water flow, while others a greater propen...
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作者：Sonner, Sofie C.; Onthank, Kirt L.
摘要：For many animals, color change is a critical adaptive mechanism believed to carry a substantial energetic cost. Yet, no study to date has directly measured the energy expenditure associated with this process. We examined the metabolic cost of color change in octopuses by measuring oxygen consumption in samples of excised octopus skin during periods of chromatophore expansion and contraction and then modeled metabolic demand over the whole octopus as a function of octopus mass. The metabolic de...
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作者：Zhi, Wei; Baniecki, Hubert; Liu, Jiangtao; Boyer, Elizabeth; Shen, Chaopeng; Shenk, Gary; Liu, Xiaofeng; Li, Li
作者单位：Hohai University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of Warsaw; Warsaw University of Technology; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; United States Department of the Interior; United States Geological Survey
摘要：The loss of phosphorous (P) from the land to aquatic systems has polluted waters and threatened food production worldwide. Systematic trend analysis of P, a nonrenewable resource, has been challenging, primarily due to sparse and inconsistent historical data. Here, we leveraged intensive hydrometeorological data and the recent renaissance of deep learning approaches to fill data gaps and reconstruct temporal trends. We trained a multitask long short- term memory model for total P (TP) using da...
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作者：Xu, Jun; Chen, Geng; Wang, Haoqing; Cao, Sheng; Heng, Jie; Deupi, Xavier; Du, Yang; Kobilka, Brian K.
作者单位：Stanford University; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen; Tsinghua University; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Paul Scherrer Institute; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Paul Scherrer Institute; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
摘要：Advances in singe- particle cryo- electron microscopy (cryo-EM) have made it possible to solve the structures of numerous FamilyA and Family B G protein- coupled receptors (GPCRs) in complex with G proteins and arrestins, as well as several Family C GPCRs. Determination of these structures has been facilitated by the presence of large extramembrane components (such as G protein, arrestin, or Venus flytrap domains) in these complexes that aid in particle alignment during the processing of the c...
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作者：D'Angelo, Josephine C.; Tiruveedhula, Pavan; Weber, Raymond J.; Arathorn, David W.; Roorda, Austin
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman
摘要：Detecting the motion of an object relative to a world-fixed frame of reference is an exquisite human capability [G. E. Legge, F. Campbell, Vis. Res. 21 , 205-213 (1981)]. However, there is a special condition where humans are unable to accurately detect relative motion: Images moving in a direction consistent with retinal slip where the motion is unnaturally amplified can, under some conditions, appear stable [D. W. Arathorn, S. B. Stevenson, Q. Yang, P. Tiruveedhula, A. Roorda, J. Vis. 13 , 2...
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作者：Lin, Ai-Zhi; Fu, Xian; Jiang, Qing; Zhou, Xue; Hwang, Sung Hee; Yin, Hou-Hua; Ni, Kai-Di; Pan, Qing-Jin; He, Xin; Zhang, Ling-Tong; Meng, Yi-Wen; Liu, Ya-Nan; Hammock, Bruce D.; Liu, Jun-Yan
作者单位：Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Medical University; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：Highsucrose diet (HSD) was reported as a causative factor for multiorgan injuries. The underlying mechanisms and therapeutic strategies remain largely uncharted. In the present study, by using a metabolomics approach, we identified the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) as a therapeutic target for HSD- mediated gut barrier dysfunction. Specifically, 16- week feeding on an HSD caused gut barrier dysfunction, such as colon inflammation and tight junction impairment in a murine model. A metabolomics...
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作者：Bose, Anjan
作者单位：Washington State University
