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作者：Albert, Celine; Moe, Borge; Strom, Hallvard; Gremillet, David; Brault-Favrou, Maud; Tarroux, Arnaud; Descamps, Sebastien; Brathen, Vegard Sandoy; Merkel, Benjamin; Astroem, Jens; Amelineau, Francoise; Angelier, Frederic; Anker-Nilssen, Tycho; Chastel, Olivier; Christensen-Dalsgaard, Signe; Danielsen, Johannis; Elliott, Kyle; Erikstad, Kjell Einar; Ezhov, Alexey; Fauchald, Per; Gabrielsen, Geir W.; Gavrilo, Maria; Hanssen, Sveinn Are; Helgason, Halfdan H.; Johansen, Malin Kjellstadli; Kolbeinsson, Yann; Krasnov, Yuri; Langset, Magdalene; Lemaire, Jeremy; Lorentsen, Svein-Hakon; Olsen, Bergur; Patterson, Allison; Plumejeaud-Perreau, Christine; Reiertsen, Tone K.; Systad, Geir Helge; Thompson, Paul M.; Thorarinsson, Thorkell Lindberg; Bustamante, Paco; Fort, Jerome
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); Norwegian Institute Nature Research; Norwegian Polar Institute; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); Universite PSL; Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE); Institut Agro; Montpellier SupAgro; CIRAD; Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Universite Paul-Valery; Universite de Montpellier; University of Cape Town; Norwegian Institute Nature Research; Akvaplan-niva; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); Faroe Marine Research Institute (FAMRI); McGill University; Russian Academy of Sciences; Murmansk Marine Biological Institute; Norwegian Institute Nature Research; Norwegian Institute Nature Research; University of Aberdeen; Institut Universitaire de France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Ecology & Environment (INEE); Universite de Rennes
摘要：Mercury (Hg) is a heterogeneously distributed toxicant affecting wildlife and human health. Yet, the spatial distribution of Hg remains poorly documented, especially in food webs, even though this knowledge is essential to assess large - scale risk of toxicity for the biota and human populations. Here, we used seabirds to assess, at an unprecedented population and geographic magnitude and high resolution, the spatial distribution Hg in North Atlantic marine food webs. To this end, we combined ...
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作者：Bogumil, Matthew; Mittal, Tushar; Lithgow-Bertelloni, Carolina
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：The shape of the ocean floor (bathymetry) and the overlaying sediments provide the largest carbon sink throughout Earth's history, supporting similar to one to two orders of magnitude more carbon storage than the oceans and atmosphere combined. While accumulation and erosion of these sediments are bathymetry dependent (e.g., due to pressure, temperature, salinity, ion concentration, and available productivity), no systemic study has quantified how global and basin scale bathymetry, controlled ...
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作者：Dewar, Anna E.; Hao, Chunhui; Belcher, Laurence J.; Ghoul, Melanie; West, Stuart A.
作者单位：University of Oxford
摘要：Pangenomes vary across bacteria. Some species have fluid pangenomes, with a high pangenomes, with different genomes tending to contain the same genes. Two main hypotheses have been suggested to explain this variation: differences in species' bacterial lifestyle and effective population size. However, previous studies have not been able to test between these hypotheses because the different features of lifestyle and effective population size are highly correlated with each other, and phylogenet...
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作者：Kuhl, Patricia K.
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
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作者：Mutz, Diana C.; Mansfield, Edward D.
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：This study examines voting in the 2022 United States congressional elections, contests that were widely expected to produce a sizable defeat for Democratic candidates for largely economic reasons. Based on a representative national probability sample of voters interviewed in both 2020 and 2022, individuals who changed their vote from one party's congressional candidate to another party's candidate did not do so in response to the salience of inflation or declining economic conditions. Instead,...
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作者：Wang, Hui- Feng; Wang, Hong - Juan; Zhong, Di - Chang; Lu, Tong - Bu
作者单位：Tianjin University of Technology
摘要：The reaction kinetics of photocatalytic CO 2 reduction is highly dependent on the transfer rate of electrons and protons to the CO 2 molecules adsorbed on catalytic centers. Studies on uncovering the proton effect in catalysts on photocatalytic activity of CO 2 reduction are significant but rarely reported. In this paper, we, from the molecular level, revealed that the photocatalytic activity of CO 2 reduction is closely related to the proton availability in catalysts. Specifically, four dinuc...
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作者：Berenbaum, May R.; Thorp, H. Holden
作者单位：Harvard University
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作者：Pi, Jay S.; Fakharian, Mohammad Amin; Hage, Paul; Sedaghat-Nejad, Ehsan; Muller, Salomon Z.; Shadmehr, Reza
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Columbia University
摘要：Neurons in the inferior olive are thought to anatomically organize the Purkinje cells (P - cells) of the cerebellum into computational modules, but what is computed by each module? Here, we designed a saccade task in marmosets that dissociated sensory events from motor events and then recorded the complex and simple spikes of hundreds of P - cells. We found that when a visual target was presented at a random location, the olive reported the direction of that sensory event to one group of P - c...
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作者：Postek, Witold; Staskiewicz, Klaudia; Lilja, Elin; Waclawa, Bartlomiej
作者单位：Polish Academy of Sciences; Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; University of Edinburgh
摘要：Biofilms inhabit a range of environments, such as dental plaques or soil micropores, often characterized by noneven surfaces. However, the impact of surface irregularities on the population dynamics of biofilms remains elusive, as most experiments are conducted on flat surfaces. Here, we show that the shape of the surface on which a biofilm grows influences genetic drift and selection within the biofilm. We culture Escherichia coli biofilms in microwells with a corrugated bottom surface and ob...
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作者：Treuner-Lange, Anke; Zheng, Weili; Viljoen, Albertus; Lindow, Steffi; Herfurth, Marco; Dufrene, Yves F.; Sogaard-Andersen, Lotte; Egelman, Edward H.; Hultgren, Scott
作者单位：Max Planck Society; University of Virginia; Universite Catholique Louvain
摘要：Type IVa pili (T4aP) are ubiquitous cell surface filaments important for surface motility, adhesion to surfaces, DNA uptake, biofilm formation, and virulence. T4aP are built from thousands of copies of the major pilin subunit and tipped by a complex composed of minor pilins and in some systems also the PilY1 adhesin. While major pilins of structurally characterized T4aP have lengths of <165 residues, the major pilin PilA of Myxococcus xanthus is unusually large with 208 residues. All major pil...
