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作者：Yamamoto, Chiaki; Takahashi, Fumio; Suetsugu, Noriyuki; Yamada, Kazumasa; Yoshikawa, Shinya; Kohchi, Takayuki; Kasahara, Masahiro
作者单位：Ritsumeikan University; University of Tokyo; Fukui Prefectural University; Kyoto University; University of Tsukuba; Toho University
摘要：Adenosine 3 ',5 '-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) is a universal signaling molecule that acts as a second messenger in various organisms. It is well established that cAMP plays essential roles across the tree of life, although the function of cAMP in land plants has long been debated. We previously identified the enzyme with both adenylyl cyclase (AC) and cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity as the cAMP-synthesis/hydrolysis enzyme COMBINED AC with PDE (CAPE) in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha...
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作者：Li, Wei; Juanes, Ruben
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University
摘要：Granular media constitute the most abundant form of solid matter on Earth and beyond. When external forces are applied to a granular medium, the forces are transmitted through it via chains of contacts among grains-force chains. Understanding the spatial structure and temporal evolution of force chains constitutes a fundamental goal of granular mechanics. Here, we introduce an experimental technique, interference optical projection tomography, to study force chains in threedimensional (3D) gra...
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作者：Nasralla, Mazin; Laurent, Harrison; Alderman, Oliver L. G.; Headen, Thomas F.; Dougan, Lorna
作者单位：University of Leeds; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC); STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
摘要：Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and urea are metabolites that are used by some marine animals to maintain their cell volume in a saline environment. Urea is a well-known denaturant, and TMAO is a protective osmolyte that counteracts ureainduced protein denaturation. TMAO also has a general protein-protective effect, for example, it counters pressure-induced protein denaturation in deep -sea fish. These opposing effects on protein stability have been linked to the spatial relationship of TMAO, ur...
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作者：Wang, Jia- Wei; Luo, Zhi- Mei; Yang, Guangjun; Gil-Sepulcre, Marcos; Kupfer, Stephan; Ruediger, Olaf; Ouyang, Gangfeng
作者单位：Sun Yat Sen University; Friedrich Schiller University of Jena; Max Planck Society
摘要：Design tactics and mechanistic studies both remain as fundamental challenges during the exploitations of earth- abundant molecular electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction, especially for the rarely studied Cr-based ones. Herein, a quaterpyridyl Cr-III catalyst is found to be highly active for CO2 electroreduction to CO with 99.8% Faradaic efficiency in DMF/phenol medium. A nearly one order of magnitude higher turnover frequency (86.6 s(-1)) over the documented Cr- based catalysts (<10 s(-1)) can be...
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作者：Francis, Gregory
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University
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作者：Sun, Mengge; Gao, Yanjing; Li, Zhenmeiyu; Yang, Lin; Liu, Guoping; Xu, Zhejun; Guo, Rongliang; You, Yan; Yang, Zhengang
作者单位：Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University
摘要：The molecular basis for cortical expansion during evolution remains largely unknown. Here, we report that fibroblast growth factor (FGF)- extracellular signal- regulated kinase (ERK) signaling promotes the self-renewal and expansion of cortical radial glial (RG) cells. Furthermore, FGF-ERK signaling induces bone morphogenic protein 7 (Bmp7) expression in cortical RG cells, which increases the length of the neurogenic period. We demonstrate that ERK signaling and Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling ...
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作者：Jing, Xiaoyang; Wu, Fandi; Luo, Xiao; Xu, Jinbo
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Computing Technology, CAS; Toyota Technological Institute - Chicago
摘要：Protein structure prediction has been greatly improved by deep learning in the past few years. However, the most successful methods rely on multiple sequence alignment (MSA) of the sequence homologs of the protein under prediction. In nature, a protein folds in the absence of its sequence homologs and thus, a MSA-free structure prediction method is desired. Here, we develop a single-sequence-based protein structure prediction method RaptorX-Single by integrating several protein language models...
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作者：Ambegaonkar, Abhijit A.; Holla, Prasida; Sohn, Haewon; George, Rachel; Tran, Tuan M.; Pierce, Susan K.
作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases (NIAID); Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; Regeneron; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington
摘要：Memory B cells (MBCs) play a critical role in protection against homologous and variant pathogen challenge by either differentiating to plasma cells (PCs) or to germinal center (GC) B cells. The human MBC compartment contains both switched IgG+ and unswitched IgM+ MBCs; however, whether these MBC subpopulations are equivalent in their response to B cell receptor cross- linking and their resulting fates is incompletely understood. Here, we show that IgG+ and IgM+ MBCs can be distinguished based...
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作者：Legrand, Sylvain; Saifudeen, Asma; Vernerey, Julien; Guille, Arnaud; Bignaud, Amaury; Thierry, Agnes; Acquaviva, Laurent; Gaudin, Maxime; Sanchez, Aurore; Johnson, Dominic; Friedrich, Anne; Schacherer, Joseph; Neale, Matthew J.; Borde, Valerie; Koszul, Romain; Llorente, Bertrand
作者单位：Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); UNICANCER; Institut Paoli-Calmette (IPC); Aix-Marseille Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Biology (INSB); Pasteur Network; Universite Paris Cite; Institut Pasteur Paris; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Biology (INSB); Universite PSL; UNICANCER; Institut Curie; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Sorbonne Universite; CNRS - National Institute for Biology (INSB); University of Sussex; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Biology (INSB); Universites de Strasbourg Etablissements Associes; Universite de Strasbourg
摘要：Meiotic recombination shows broad variations across species and along chromosomes and is often suppressed at and around genomic regions determining sexual compatibility such as mating type loci in fungi. Here, we show that the absence of Spo11-DSBs and meiotic recombination on Lakl0C-left, the chromosome arm containing the sex locus of the Lachancea kluyveri budding yeast, results from the absence of recruitment of the two chromosome axis proteins Red1 and Hop1, essential for proper Spo11-DSBs...
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作者：Xu, Xing
作者单位：Yunnan University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology & Paleoanthropology, CAS
