-
作者：Parsons, Joshua B.; Sidders, Ashelyn E.; Velez, Amanda Z.; Hanson, Blake M.; Angeles-Solano, Michelle; Ruffin, Felicia; Rowe, Sarah E.; Arias, Cesar A.; Fowler, Vance G., Jr.; Thaden, Joshua T.; Conlon, Brian P.
作者单位：Duke University; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of Texas System; University of Texas Health Science Center Houston; Houston Methodist; Houston Methodist; Cornell University; Weill Cornell Medicine
摘要：Gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections (GNB-BSI) are common and frequently lethal. Despite appropriate antibiotic treatment, relapse of GNB-BSI with the same bacterial strain is common and associated with poor clinical outcomes and high healthcare costs. The role of persister cells, which are sub-populations of bacteria that survive for prolonged periods in the presence of bactericidal antibiotics, in relapse of GNB-BSI is unclear. Using a cohort of patients with relapsed GNB-BSI, we a...
-
作者：Yuan, Andy H.; Moazed, Danesh
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
摘要：Mechanisms enabling genetically identical cells to differentially regulate gene expression are complex and central to organismal development and evolution. While gene silencing pathways involving DNA sequence-specific recruitment of histone- modifying enzymes are prevalent in nature, examples of sequence-independent heritable gene silencing are scarce. Studies of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe indicate that sequence- independent propagation of heterochromatin can occur but require...
-
作者：Lawton, Ralph I.; Sabatini, Bernardo L.; Hochbaum, Daniel R.
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Howard Hughes Medical Institute
摘要：The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis is fundamental to human biology, exerting central control over energy expenditure and body temperature. However, the consequences of normal physiologic HPT-axis variation in populations without diagnosed thyroid disease are poorly understood. Using nationally representative data from the 2007 to 2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we explore relationships with demographic characteristics, longevity, and socio- economic factors. W...
-
作者：Qiu, Lingqi; Cooks, Graham
作者单位：Purdue University System; Purdue University
摘要：Peptide formation from amino acids is thermodynamically unfavorable but a recent study provided evidence that the reaction occurs at the air/solution interfaces of aqueous microdroplets. Here, we show that i) the suggested amino acid complex in microdrop-lets undergoes dehydration to form oxazolone; ii) addition of water to oxazolone forms the dipeptide; and iii) reaction of oxazolone with other amino acids forms tripeptides. Furthermore, the chirality of the reacting amino acids is preserved ...
-
作者：Tesei, Giulio; Hsiao, Ya -Wen; Dabkowsk, Aleksandra; Groenberg, Gunnar; Arteta, Marianna Yanez; Ulkoski, David; Bray, David J.; Trulsson, Martin; Ulandef, Johan; Lund, Mikael; Lindfors, Lennart
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; University of Copenhagen; Lund University; STFC Daresbury Laboratory; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC); AstraZeneca; AstraZeneca; AstraZeneca
摘要：The ionizable-lipid component of RNA-containing nanoparticles controls the pH-dependent behavior necessary for an efficient delivery of the cargo-the so-called endosomal escape. However, it is still an empirical exercise to identify optimally performing lipids. Here, we study two well-known ionizable lipids, DLin-MC3-DMA and DLin-DMA using a combination of experiments, multiscale computer simulations, and electrostatic theory. All -atom molecular dynamics simulations, and experimentally measur...
-
作者：Xu, Peng; Schumacher, Dominik; Liu, Chuan; Harms, Andrea; Dickmanns, Marcel; Beck, Florian; Plitzko, Juergen M.; Baumeister, Wolfgang; Sogaard-Andersen, Lotte
作者单位：Max Planck Society; Max Planck Society; Max Planck Society
摘要：In most bacteria, cell division depends on the tubulin- homolog FtsZ that polymerizes in a GTP- dependent manner to form the cytokinetic Z- ring at the future division site. Subsequently, the Z- ring recruits, directly or indirectly, all other proteins of the divisome complex that executes cytokinesis. A critical step in this process is the precise positioning of the Z- ring at the future division site. While the divisome proteins are generally conserved, the regulatory systems that position t...
-
作者：Anand, Satyam; Ma, Xiaolei; Guo, Shuo; Martiniani, Stefano; Cheng, Xiang
作者单位：New York University; New York University; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; New York University
摘要：Randomly moving active particles can be herded into directed motion by asymmetric geometric structures. Although such a rectification process has been extensively studied due to its fundamental, biological, and technological relevance, a comprehensive understanding of active matter rectification based on single particle dynamics remains elusive. Here, by combining experiments, simulations, and theory, we study the directed transport and energetics of swimming bacteria navigating through funnel...
-
作者：Li, Yixuan; Ong, Hui Ting; Cui, Hongyue; Gao, Xu; Lee, Jia Wen Nicole; Guo, Yuqi; Li, Rong; Pennacchio, Fabrizio A.; Maiuri, Paolo; Efremov, Artem K.; Holle, Andrew W.
作者单位：National University of Singapore; National University of Singapore; Shenzhen Bay Laboratory; National University of Singapore; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of Naples Federico II
摘要：Diverse tissues in vivo present varying degrees of confinement, constriction, and compression to migrating cells in both homeostasis and disease. The nucleus in particular is subjected to external forces by the physical environment during confined migration. While many systems have been developed to induce nuclear deformation and analyze resultant functional changes, much remains unclear about dynamic volume regulation in confinement due to limitations in time resolution and difficulty imaging...
-
作者：Mccullagh, Karl J. A.; Calabria, Elisa; Pallafacchina, Giorgia; Ciciliot, Stefano; Serrano, Antonio L.; Argentini, Carla; Kalhovde, John M.; Lomo, Terje; Schiaffino, Stefano
-
作者：Beal, Ty; Manohar, Swetha; Miachon, Lais; Fanzo, Jessica
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：The world faces a global challenge of how to meet the nutritional needs of a diverse global population through diets. This paper defines the relative nutritional needs across each stage of the life cycle to support human health and identifies who is nutritionally vulnerable. Findings in this paper suggest that there are biological nutritional vulnerabilities stemming from high micronutrient needs per calorie in certain phases of the life cycle, particularly for infants and young children, wome...
