2024

最新文章

• A computational study of how an α- to γ- motoneurone collateral can mitigate velocity- dependent stretch reflexes during voluntary movement AI翻译
  作者：Niyo, Grace; Almofeez, Lama I.; Erwin, Andrew; Valero-Cuevas, Francisco J.
  作者单位：University of Southern California; University of Southern California; University System of Ohio; University of Cincinnati
  摘要：The primary motor cortex does not uniquely or directly produce alpha motoneurone (alpha-MN) drive to muscles during voluntary movement. Rather, alpha- MN drive emerges from the synthesis and competition among excitatory and inhibitory inputs from multiple descending tracts, spinal interneurons, sensory inputs, and proprioceptive afferents. One such fundamental input is velocity- dependent stretch reflexes in lengthening muscles, which should be inhibited to enable voluntary movement. It remain...
• Pressure- enhanced sensing of tissue oxygenation via endogenous porphyrin: Implications for dynamic visualization of cancer in surgery AI翻译
  作者：Petusseau, Arthur F.; Ochoa, Marien; Reed, Matthew; Doyley, Marvin M.; Hasan, Tayyaba; Bruza, Petr; Pogue, Brian W.
  作者单位：Dartmouth College; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Rochester; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
  摘要：Fluorescence guidance is routinely used in surgery to enhance perfusion contrast in multiple cence is a technique extensively analyzed here, that uses an FDA- approved human precursor molecule, 5- aminolevulinic acid (ALA), to stimulate a unique delayed fluorescence signal that is representative of tissue hypoxia. The ALA precontrast agent is metabolized in most tissues into a red fluorescent molecule, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), which has both prompt fluorescence, indicative of the concentratio...
• Reply to Root-Bernstein: Increasing complexity allows for the pervasiveness of low- complexity entities and is not anthropocentric AI翻译
  作者：Wong, Michael L.; Bartlett, Stuart; Cleland, Carol E.; Demarest, Heather; Ii, H. James Cleaves; Prabhu, Anirudh; Lunine, Jonathan I.; Hazen, Robert M.
  作者单位：Carnegie Institution for Science; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); Space Telescope Science Institute; California Institute of Technology; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; Howard University; Cornell University; Cornell University
• Superoxide radicals mediated by high- spin Fe catalysis for organic wastewater treatment AI翻译
  作者：Li, Yanxiao; Zhang, Dongpeng; Wang, Pengfei; Qu, Jinyong; Zhan, Sihui
  作者单位：Nankai University
  摘要：Water resources are indispensable basic resources and important environmental carriers; the presence of organic contaminants in wastewater poses considerable risks to the health of both humans and ecosystems. Although the Fenton- like reactions using H2O2 as the oxidant to destroy organic pollutants are attractive, there are still challenges in improving reaction activity under neutral or even alkaline conditions. Herein, we designed a H2O2 activation pathway with O 2 center dot- as the main a...
• In- person learning during the pandemic: Student take- up and school- level effects of remote and hybrid instruction on student outcomes AI翻译
  作者：Ross, Stephen L.; Jiang, Shangyue; Young, Michael F.; Meyer, Joanna L.; Strambler, Michael J.
  作者单位：University of Connecticut; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Connecticut; Yale University
  摘要：While studies have examined the effects of schools offering in- person learning during the pandemic, this study provides analysis of student enrollment decisions (remote versus in- person) in response to schools providing in- person learning opportunities. In Connecticut during the 2020-21 school year, we find that student take- up of in- person learning opportunities was low with students on average enrolled in- person for only half of the days offered, and take- up was even lower in schools ...
• Phase separation of polyubiquitinated proteins in UBQLN2 condensates controls substrate fate AI翻译
  作者：Valentino, Isabella M.; Llivicota-Guaman, Jeniffer G.; Dao, Thuy P.; Mulvey, Erin O.; Lehman, Andrew M.; Galagedera, Sarasi K. K.; Mallon, Erica L.; Castaneda, Carlos A.; Kraut, Daniel A.
  作者单位：Villanova University; Syracuse University
  摘要：Ubiquitination is one of the most common posttranslational modifications in eukaryotic cells. Depending on the architecture of polyubiquitin chains, substrate proteins can meet different cellular fates, but our understanding of how chain linkage controls protein fate proteins and to the proteasome or other protein quality control machinery elements and play a role in substrate fate determination. Under physiological conditions, UBQLN2 forms biomolecular condensates through phase separation, a ...
• Investigating 3D microbial community dynamics of the rhizosphere using quantitative phase and fluorescence microscopy AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Oumeng; Alcalde, Reinaldo E.; Zhou, Haowen; Yin, Siyuan; Newman, Dianne K.; Yang, Changhuei
  作者单位：California Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology
  摘要：Microbial interactions in the rhizosphere contribute to soil health, making understanding these interactions crucial for sustainable agriculture and ecosystem management. Yet it is difficult to understand what we cannot see; among the limitations in rhizosphere imaging are challenges associated with rapidly and noninvasively imaging microbial cells over field depths relevant to plant roots. Here, we present a bimodal imaging technique called complex- field and fluorescence microscopy using the...
• Loss of primary cilia and dopaminergic neuroprotection in pathogenic LRRK2-driven and idiopathic Parkinson's disease AI翻译
  作者：Khan, Shahzad S.; Jaimon, Ebsy; Lin, Yu-En; Nikoloff, Jonas; Tonelli, Francesca; Alessi, Dario R.; Pfeffer, Suzanne R.
  作者单位：Stanford University; University of Dundee; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
  摘要：Activating leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) mutations cause Parkinson's and phosphorylation of Rab10 by pathogenic LRRK2 blocks primary ciliogenesis in cultured cells. In the mouse brain, LRRK2 blockade of primary cilia is highly cell type specific: For example, cholinergic interneurons and astrocytes but not medium spiny neurons of the dorsal striatum lose primary cilia in LRRK2- pathway mutant mice. We show here that the cell type specificity of LRRK2- mediated cilia loss is also seen in...
• California dreaming: Why environmental justice is integral to the success of climate change policy AI翻译
  作者：Pastor, Manuel; Cha, J. Mijin; Mendez, Michael; Morello-Frosch, Rachel
  作者单位：University of Southern California; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
  摘要：In the realm of climate policy, issues of environmental justice (EJ) are often treated as second- order affairs compared to overarching sustainability goals. We argue that EJ is in fact critical to successfully addressing our national and global climate challenges; indeed, centering equity amplifies the voices of the diverse constituencies most impacted by climate change and that are needed to build successful coalitions that shape and advance climate change policy. We illustrate this perspect...
• Reply to Stromland et al.: Confusion should be minimized rather than used to explain cooperation in public goods game experiments AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Guangrong; Li, Jianbiao; Wang, Wenhua; Niu, Xiaofei; Wang, Yue
  作者单位：Weifang University; Shandong University; Nankai University