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作者：Selin, Noelle E.; Giang, Amanda; Clark, William C.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia; Harvard University
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作者：Ullate-Agote, Asier; Tzika, Athanasia C.
作者单位：University of Geneva; University of Navarra
摘要：Reptilian skin coloration is spectacular and diverse, yet little is known about the ontogenetic processes that govern its establishment and the molecular signaling pathways that determine it. Here, we focus on the development of the banded pattern of leopard gecko hatchlings and the transition to black spots in the adult. With our histological analyses, we show that iridophores are present in the white and yellow bands of the hatchling and they gradually perish in the adult skin. Furthermore, ...
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作者：Ying, Jiafu; Yang, Yinghong; Zhang, Xuanpu; Dong, Ze; Chen, Baoen
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University
摘要：Defects in planar cell polarity (PCP) have been implicated in diverse human pathologies. Vangl2 is one of the core PCP components crucial for PCP signaling. Dysregulation ofVangl2 has been associated with severe neural tube defects and cancers. However, how Vangl2 protein is regulated at the posttranslational level has not been well understood. Using chemical reporters of fatty acylation and biochemical validation, here we present that Vangl2 subcellular localization is regulated by a reversib...
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作者：Arsenovic, Pavle; Rozanov, Eugene; Usoskin, Ilya; Turney, Chris; Sukhodolov, Timofei; Mccracken, Ken; Friedel, Marina; Anet, Julien; Simic, Stana; Maliniemi, Ville; Egorova, Tatiana; Korte, Monika; Rieder, Harald; Cooper, Alan; Peter, Thomas
作者单位：BOKU University; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Saint Petersburg State University; University of Oulu; University of Technology Sydney; Federal Office of Meteorology & Climatology (MeteoSwiss); University of Oulu; Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz-Center Potsdam GFZ German Research Center for Geosciences; Charles Sturt University; Leipzig University
摘要：Solar particle events (SPEs) are short- lived bursts of high- energy particles from the solar atmosphere and are widely recognized as posing significant economic risks to modern society. Most SPEs are relatively weak and have minor impacts on the Earth's environment, but historic records contain much stronger SPEs which have the potential to alter atmospheric chemistry, impacting climate and biological life. The impacts of such strong SPEs would be far more severe when the Earth's protective g...
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作者：Qiao, Eric; Fulmore, Camille A.; Schaffer, David V.; Kumar, Sanjay
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California San Francisco
摘要：Adult neural stem cells (NSCs) reside in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, and their capacity to generate neurons and glia plays a role in learning and memory. In addition, neurodegenerative diseases are known to be caused by a loss of neurons and glial cells, resulting in a need to better understand stem cell fate commitment processes. We previously showed that NSC fate commitment toward a neuronal or glial lineage is strongly influenced by extracellular matrix stiffness, a property of el...
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作者：Unnikrishnan, Mahima; Wang, Yuhan; Gruebele, Martin; Murphy, Catherine J.
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：Nanomaterials acquire a biomolecular corona upon introduction to biological media, leading to biological transformations such as changes in protein function, unmasking of epitopes, and protein fibrilization. Ex vivo studies to investigate the effect of nanoparticles on protein-protein interactions are typically performed in buffer and are rarely measured quantitatively in live cells. Here, we measure the differential effect of silica nanoparticles on protein association in vitro vs. in mammali...
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作者：Chu, Alexander E.; Kim, Jinho; Cheng, Lucy; El Nesr, Gina; Xu, Minkai; Shuai, Richard W.; Huang, Po-Ssu
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University; Alphabet Inc.; DeepMind; Google Incorporated
摘要：Proteins mediate their functions through chemical interactions; modeling these interactions, which are typically through sidechains, is an important need in protein design. However, constructing an all-atom generative model requires an appropriate scheme for managing the jointly continuous and discrete nature of proteins encoded in the structure and sequence. We describe an all-atom diffusion model of protein structure, Protpardelle, which represents all sidechain states at once as a superposi...
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作者：Dugoua, Eugenie; Dumas, Marion
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Significant progress reconciling economic activities with a stable climate requires radical and rapid technological change in multiple sectors. Here, we study the case of the automotive industry's transition to electric vehicles, which involved choosing between two different technologies: fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) or battery electric vehicles (BEVs). We know very little about the role that such technological uncertainty plays in shaping the strategies of firms, the efficacy of techno...
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作者：Luo, Shufeng; Lin, Huiling; Wu, Chong; Zhu, Lan; Hua, Qiaomin; Wang, Lu; Fan, Xiaoli; Zhao, Kai-Bo; Liu, Gaoteng; Wang, Yuting; Chen, Hai-Tian; Xu, Li; Zheng, Limin
作者单位：Sun Yat Sen University; State Key Lab Oncology South China; Sun Yat Sen University; Sun Yat Sen University
摘要：The non- neural cholinergic system plays a critical role in regulating immune equilibrium and tissue homeostasis. While the expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the enzyme catalyzing acetylcholine biosynthesis, has been well documented in lymphocytes, its role in the myeloid compartment is less understood. Here, we identify a significant population of macrophages (M(I)s) expressing ChAT and synthesizing acetylcholine in the resolution phase of acute peritonitis. Using Chat- GFP repo...
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作者：Viegas, Jennifer
