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作者：Manthey, Christin; Metcalf, C. Jessica E.; Monaghan, Michael T.; Steiner, Ulrich K.; Rolff, Jens
作者单位：Free University of Berlin; Princeton University; Leibniz Association; Leibniz Institut fur Gewasserokologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB); Free University of Berlin; Max Planck Society
摘要：More than 50% of all animal species are insects that undergo complete metamorphosis. The key innovation of these holometabolous insects is a pupal stage between the larva and adult when most structures are completely rebuilt. Why this extreme lifestyle evolved is unclear. Here, we test the hypothesis that a trade- off between growth and differentiation explains the evolution of this novelty.Using a comparative approach, we find that holometabolous insects grow much faster than hemimetabolous i...
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作者：Badoni, Saurabh; Pasion-Uy, Erstelle A.; Kor, Sakshi; Kim, Sung-Ryul; Tiozon, Rhowell N.; Misra, Gopal; Buenafe, Reuben James Q.; Labarga, Luster May; Ramos-Castrosanto, Ana Rose; Pratap, Vipin; Slamet-Loedin, Inez; von Steimker, Julia; Alseekh, Saleh; Fernie, Alisdair R.; Kohli, Ajay; Khush, Gurudev S.; Sreenivasulu, Nese
作者单位：CGIAR; International Rice Research Institute (IRRI); Max Planck Society; University of California System; University of California Davis
摘要：To counter the rising incidence of diabetes and to meet the daily protein needs, we created low glycemic index (GI) rice varieties with protein content (PC) surpassing amylose extender (IR36ae) as parental lines, we identified quantitative trait loci and genes associated with low GI, high amylose content (AC), and high PC. By integrating genetic techniques with classification models, this comprehensive approach identified candidate genes on chromosome 2 (qGI2.1/qAC2.1 spanning the region from ...
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作者：Livraghi, Luca; Hanly, Joseph J.; Evans, Elizabeth; Wright, Charlotte J.; Loh, Ling S.; Mazo-Vargas, Anyi; Kamrava, Kiana; Carter, Alexander; van der Heijden, Eva S. M.; Reed, Robert D.; Papa, Riccardo; Jiggins, Chris D.; Martin, Arnaud
作者单位：George Washington University; University of Cambridge; Duke University; Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; University of Puerto Rico; University of Puerto Rico Rio Piedras; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Cornell University; University of Puerto Rico; University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus; University of Puerto Rico; University of Parma
摘要：Evolutionary variation in the wing pigmentation of butterflies and moths offers striking examples of adaptation by crypsis and mimicry. The cortex locus has been independently mapped as the locus controlling color polymorphisms in 15 lepidopteran species, suggesting that it acts as a genomic hotspot for the diversification of wing patterns, but functional validation through protein- coding knockouts has proven difficult to obtain. Our study unveils the role of a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) whi...
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作者：Alluri, Rishi K.; Rose, Gary J.; McDowell, Jamie; Mukhopadhyay, Anwesha; Leary, Christopher J.; Graham, Jalina A.; Vasquez-Opazo, Gustavo A.
作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of Mississippi; Dartmouth College; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
摘要：The numerical sense of animals includes identifying the numerosity of a sequence of events that occur with specific intervals, e.g., notes in a call or bar of music. Across nervous systems, the temporal patterning of spikes can code these events, but how this information is decoded (counted) remains elusive. In the anuran auditory system, temporal information of this type is decoded in the midbrain, where interval- counting neurons spike only after at least a threshold number of sound pulses h...
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作者：Cen, Renyue
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University
摘要：Firmly anchored on observational data, giant radio lobes from massive galaxies hosting supermassive black holes can exert a major negative feedback effect, by endowing the intergalactic gas with significant magnetic pressure hence retarding or preventing gas accretion onto less massive halos in the vicinity. Since massive galaxies that are largely responsible for producing the giant radio lobes, this effect is expected to be stronger in more overdense large-scale environments, such as protoclu...
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作者：Ryderheim, Fredrik; Olesen, Jorgen; Kiorboe, Thomas
作者单位：Technical University of Denmark; University of Copenhagen
摘要：Coevolution between predator and prey plays a central role in shaping the pelagic realm and may have significant implications for marine ecosystems and nutrient cycling dynamics. The siliceous diatom frustule is often assumed to have coevolved with the silica- lined teeth of copepods, but empirical evidence of how this relationship drives natural selection and evolution is still lacking. Here, we show that feeding on diatoms causes significant wear and tear on copepod teeth and that this leads...
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作者：Xie, Hong-Yi; Ghaemi, Pouyan; Mitrano, Matteo; Uchoa, Bruno
作者单位：University of Oklahoma System; University of Oklahoma - Norman; City University of New York (CUNY) System; Harvard University
摘要：Excitons are the neutral quasiparticles that form when Coulomb interactions create bound states between electrons and holes. Due to their bosonic nature, excitons are expected to condense and exhibit superfluidity at sufficiently low temperatures. In interacting Chern insulators, excitons may inherit the nontrivial topology and quantum geometry from the underlying electron wavefunctions. We theoretically investigate the excitonic bound states and superfluidity in flat-band insulators pumped wi...
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作者：Xie, Nicholas; Malt, Andre Landin; Adylkhan, Aray; Rodeman, Natalie; Borges, Ricardo Moraes; Hwang, Diane; Liu, Alice; Smith, Connor; Hogan, Arielle; Lu, Xiaowei
作者单位：University of Virginia; University of Virginia (UVA) Health System
摘要：Intercellular signaling mediated by evolutionarily conserved planar cell polarity (PCP) proteins aligns cell polarity along the tissue plane and drives polarized cell behaviors during tissue morphogenesis. Accumulating evidence indicates that the vertebrate PCP pathway is regulated by noncanonical, f3- catenin- independent Wnt signaling; however, the signaling components and mechanisms are incompletely understood. In the mouse hearing organ, both PCP and noncanonical Wnt (ncWnt) signaling are ...
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作者：Boesen, Thias Oberg; Charbon, Godefroid; Fu, Haochen; Jensen, Cara; Sandler, Michael; Jun, Suckjoon; Lobner-Olesen, Anders
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Investigating a long-standing conceptual question in bacterial physiology, we examine why DnaA, the bacterial master replication initiator protein, exists in both ATP and ADP forms, despite only the ATP form being essential for initiation. We engineered the O4 Escherichia coli strain, devoid of all known external elements facilitating the DnaA-ATP/ADP conversion and found that these cells display nearly wild-type behaviors under nonoverlapping replication cycles. However, during rapid growth w...
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作者：Hohm, Ian; O'Shea, Brian A.; Schaller, Mark
作者单位：University of British Columbia; University of Nottingham; Aarhus University
摘要：Moral values guide consequential attitudes and actions. Here, we report evidence of seasonal variation in Americans' endorsement of some-but not all-moral values. Studies 1 and 2 examined a decade of data from the United States (total N = 232,975) and produced consistent evidence of a biannual seasonal cycle in values pertaining to loyalty, authority, and purity (binding moral values)-with strongest endorsement in spring and autumn and weakest endorsement in summer and winter-but not in values...
