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作者：Chong, Deborah L. W.; Scotton, Chris J.; Porter, Joanna C.
作者单位：City St Georges, University of London; University of London; University College London; University of Exeter
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作者：Hu, Man; Li, Yuqi; Chen, Li; Wu, Wenna; Huo, Peng; Gu, Xi; Wang, Feng; Deng, Daosheng
作者单位：Fudan University; Tsinghua University
摘要：Active matters, characterized by multi-mode motions, have been emerging for both engineering and biological applications. Generally, active objects rely on the symmetry- broken structures, compositions, or interfacial activities through a physical or chemical approach. Here, we report an active bubble spontaneously hovering with a horizontal oscillation at the solid/liquid interface by impacting a stationary laser beam into a liquid through a transparent solid cover. This spontaneous oscillati...
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作者：Li, Yida; Gurnis, Michael
作者单位：California Institute of Technology
摘要：Subduction zones play a pivotal role in the mechanics of plate tectonics by providing the driving force through slab pull and weak megathrusts that facilitate the relative motion between tectonic plates. The initiation of subduction zones is intricately linked to the accumulation of slab pull and development of weakness at plate boundaries and, by consequence, the largest changes in the energetics of mantle convection. However, the transient nature of subduction initiation accompanied by inten...
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作者：Schlegel, Martin; Cyr, Yannick; Newman, Alexandra A. C.; Schreyer, Korbinian; Duran, Jose Gabriel Barcia; Sharma, Monika; Bozal, Fazli K.; Gourvest, Morgane; La Forest, Maxwell; Afonso, Milessa S.; van Solingen, Coen; Fisher, Edward A.; Moore, Kathryn J.
作者单位：Technical University of Munich; New York University; New York University; Gilead Sciences
摘要：Atherosclerosis results from lipid- driven inflammation of the arterial wall that fails to resolve. Imbalances in macrophage accumulation and function, including diminished migratory capacity and defective efferocytosis, fuel maladaptive inflammation and plaque progression. The neuroimmune guidance cue netrin-1 has dichotomous roles in inflammation partly due to its multiple receptors; in atherosclerosis, netrin-1 promotes macrophage survival and retention via its receptor Unc5b. To minimize t...
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作者：Xi, Yuchen; Marzin, Tom; Huang, Richard B.; Jones, Trevor J.; Brun, P. -T.
作者单位：Princeton University; Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：Active systems of self-propelled agents, e.g., birds, fish, and bacteria, can organize and across length scales, such phenomena are also amenable to artificial settings, e.g., where brainless self-propelled robots orchestrate their movements into spatialtemporal patterns via the application of external cues or when confined within flexible boundaries. Like their natural counterparts, these approaches typically require many units to initiate collective motion, so controlling the ensuing dynamic...
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作者：Bao, Leo; Cao, Jingcun; Gangadharan, Lata; Huang, Difang; Lin, Chen
作者单位：Monash University; University of Hong Kong; Monash University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Academy of Mathematics & System Sciences, CAS
摘要：Lockdowns were implemented to reduce the transmission of the COVID-19 virus. However, it is unclear how severely curtailed physical interaction shapes individual behaviors that are considered vital for socioeconomic development. In this exploratory study, we investigate the behavior of college students who experienced a strict campus- wide lockdown and those who did not. Employing a combination of experimental and survey methodologies, we elicit students' behavioral variables, which are then i...
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作者：Coquinot, Baptiste; Bocquet, Lyderic; Kavokine, Nikita
作者单位：Universite Paris Cite; Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Sorbonne Universite; Max Planck Society; Simons Foundation; Flatiron Institute; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne
摘要：Hydraulic energy is a key component of the global energy mix, yet there exists no practical way of harvesting it at small scales, from flows with low Reynolds number. This has triggered a search for alternative hydroelectric conversion methodologies, leading to unconventional proposals based on droplet triboelectricity, water evaporation, osmotic energy, or flow-induced ionic Coulomb drag. Yet, these approaches systematically rely on ions as intermediate charge carriers, limiting the achievabl...
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作者：Windred, Daniel P.; Burns, Angus C.; Lane, Jacqueline M.; Olivier, Patrick; Rutter, Martin K.; Saxena, Richa; Phillips, Andrew J. K.; Cain, Sean W.
作者单位：Flinders University South Australia; Monash University; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Broad Institute; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Monash University; University of Manchester; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
摘要：Light enhances or disrupts circadian rhythms, depending on the timing of exposure. Circadian disruption contributes to poor health outcomes that increase mortality risk. Whether personal light exposure predicts mortality risk has not been established. We therefore investigated whether personal day and night light, and light patterns that disrupt 62.4 +/- 7.8 y, 57% female) wore light sensors for 1 wk. Day and night light exposures were defined by factor analysis of 24- h light profiles. A comp...
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作者：Bailey, Alexis S.; Fuller, Margaret T.
作者单位：Stanford University
摘要：Posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by RNA- binding proteins can enhance the speed and robustness of cell state transitions by controlling RNA stability, localization, or if, when, or where mRNAs are translated. The RNA helicase YTHDC2 is required to shut down components of the mitotic program to facilitate a proper switch from mitosis to meiosis in mouse germ cells. Here, we show that YTHDC2 has a second essential role in promoting meiotic progression in late spermatocytes. Indu...
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作者：Fares, Nicolas; Lavaud, Maxime; Zhang, Zaicheng; Jha, Aditya; Amarouchene, Yacine; Salez, Thomas
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Physics (INP); Universite de Bordeaux; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Chemistry (INC); Universite de Bordeaux; Beihang University
摘要：Confined motions in complex environments are ubiquitous in microbiology. These situations invariably involve the intricate coupling between fluid flow, soft boundaries, surface forces, and fluctuations. In the present study, such a coupling is investigated using a method combining holographic microscopy and advanced statistical inference. Specifically, the Brownian motion of soft micrometric oil droplets near rigid walls is quantitatively analyzed. All the key statistical observables are recon...
