2024

最新文章

• Limits on inferring T cell specificity from partial information AI翻译
  作者：Henderson, James; Nagano, Yuta; Milighetti, Martina; Tiffeau-Mayer, Andreas
  作者单位：University of London; University College London; University of London; University College London; University of London; University College London; University of London; University College London
  摘要：A key challenge in molecular biology is to decipher the mapping of protein sequence to function. To perform this mapping requires the identification of sequence features most informative about function. Here, we quantify the amount of information (in bits) that T cell receptor (TCR) sequence features provide about antigen specificity. We identify informative features by their degree of conservation among antigen-specific receptors relative to null expectations. We find that TCR specificity syn...
• Paraneoplastic renal dysfunction in fly cancer models driven by inflammatory activation of stem cells AI翻译
  作者：Kwok, Sze Hang; Liu, Yuejiang; Bilder, David; Kim, Jung
  作者单位：University of Hong Kong; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
  摘要：Tumors can induce systemic disturbances in distant organs, leading to physiological changes that enhance host morbidity. In Drosophila cancer models, tumors have been known for decades to cause hypervolemic bloating of the abdominal cavity. Here we use allograft and transgenic tumors to show that hosts display fluid retention associated with autonomously defective secretory capacity of fly renal tubules, which function analogous to those of the human kidney. Excretion from these organs is bloc...
• Migratory birds modulate niche tradeoffs in rhythm with seasons and life history AI翻译
  作者：Yanco, Scott W.; Oliver, Ruth Y.; Iannarilli, Fabiola; Carlson, Ben S.; Heine, Georg; Mueller, Uschi; Richter, Nina; Vorneweg, Bernd; Andryushchenko, Yuriy; Batbayar, Nyambayar; Dagys, Mindaugas; Desholm, Mark; Galtbalt, Batbayar; Gavrilov, Andrey E.; Goroshko, Oleg A.; Ilyashenko, Elena I.; Ilyashenko, Valentin Yu; Mansson, Johan; Mudrik, Elena A.; Natsagdorj, Tseveenmyadag; Nilsson, Lovisa; Sherub, Sherub; Skov, Henrik; Sukhbaatar, Tuvshintugs; Zydelis, Ramunas; Wikelski, Martin; Jetz, Walter; Pokrovsky, Ivan
  作者单位：Yale University; Yale University; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Max Planck Society; National Academy of Sciences Ukraine; Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology of NASU; Nature Research Center - Lithuania; Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Academy of Sciences; Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Severtsov Institute of Ecology & Evolution; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Russian Academy of Sciences; Vavilov Institute of General Genetics; Danish Hydraulic Institute (DHI); University of Konstanz
  摘要：Movement is a key means by which animals cope with variable environments. As they move, animals construct individual niches composed of the environmental conditions they experience. Niche axes may vary over time and covary with one another as animals make tradeoffs between competing needs. Seasonal migration is expected to produce substantial niche variation as animals move to keep pace with major life history phases and fluctuations in environmental conditions. Here, we apply a time- ordered ...
• Spaceflight- induced contractile and mitochondrial dysfunction in an automated heart- on- a- chip platform AI翻译
  作者：Mair, Devin B.; Tsui, Jonathan H.; Higashi, Ty; Koenig, Paul; Dong, Zhipeng; Chen, Jeffrey F.; Meir, Jessica U.; Smith, Alec S. T.; Lee, Peter H. U.; Ahn, Eun Hyun; Countryman, Stefanie; Sniadecki, Nathan J.; Kim, Deok - Ho
  作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Brown University; Johns Hopkins University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University
  摘要：With current plans for manned missions to Mars and beyond, the need to better understand, prevent, and counteract the harmful effects of long- duration spaceflight on the body is becoming increasingly important. In this study, an automated heart- on- a- chip platform was flown to the International Space Station on a 1-mo mission during which contractile cardiac function was monitored in real- time. Upon return to Earth, engineered human heart tissues (EHTs) were further analyzed with ultrastru...
• Poly ADP- ribose signaling is dysregulated in Huntington disease AI翻译
  作者：Maiuri, Tamara; Bazan, Carlos Barba; Harding, Rachel J.; Begeja, Nola; Kam, Tae-In; Byrne, Lauren M.; Rodrigues, Filipe B.; Warner, Monica M.; Neuman, Kaitlyn; Mansoor, Muqtasid; Badiee, Mohsen; Dasovich, Morgan; Wang, Keona; Thompson, Leslie M.; Leung, Anthony K. L.; Andres, Sara N.; Wild, Edward J.; Dawson, Ted M.; Dawson, Valina L.; Arrowsmith, Cheryl H.; Truant, Ray
  作者单位：McMaster University; University of Toronto; University of Toronto; Structural Genomics Consortium; University of Toronto; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; University of London; University College London; McMaster University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of California System; University of California Irvine; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; Johns Hopkins University; University of Toronto; University Health Network Toronto; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; University of Toronto
  摘要：Huntington disease (HD) is a genetic neurodegenerative disease caused by cytosine, adenine, guanine (CAG) expansion in the Huntingtin (HTT) gene, translating to an expanded polyglutamine tract in the HTT protein. Age at disease onset correlates to CAG repeat length but varies by decades between individuals with identical repeat lengths. Genome-wide association studies link HD modification to DNA repair and mitochondrial health pathways. Clinical studies show elevated DNA damage in HD, even at ...
• NOTUM- mediated WNT silencing drives extravillous trophoblast cell lineage development AI翻译
  作者：Shukla, Vinay; Moreno-Irusta, Ayelen; Varberg, Kaela M.; Kuna, Marija; Iqbal, Khursheed; Galligos, Anna M.; Aplin, John D.; Choudhury, Ruhul H.; Okae, Hiroaki; Arima, Takahiro; Soares, Michael J.
  作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland Baltimore; Children's Mercy Hospital; Oklahoma State University System; Oklahoma State University - Stillwater; Stowers Institute for Medical Research; University of Kansas; University of Kansas Medical Center; University of Manchester; University of Manchester; Kumamoto University; Tohoku University; Children's Mercy Hospital; University of Kansas; University of Kansas Medical Center
  摘要：Trophoblast stem (TS) cells have the unique capacity to differentiate into specialized cell types, including extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells. EVT cells invade into and transform the uterus where they act to remodel the vasculature facilitating the redirection of maternal nutrients to the developing fetus. Disruptions in EVT cell development and function are at the core of pregnancy- related disease. WNT- activated signal transduction is a conserved regulator of morphogenesis of many organ...
• Unraveling the genomic diversity and admixture history of captive tigers in the United States AI翻译
  作者：Armstrong, Ellie E.; Mooney, Jazlyn A.; Solari, Katherine A.; Kim, Bernard Y.; Barsh, Gregory S.; Grant, Victoria B.; Greenbaum, Gili; Kaelin, Christopher B.; Panchenko, Katya; Pickrell, Joseph K.; Rosenberg, Noah; Ryder, Oliver A.; Yokoyama, Tsuya; Ramakrishnan, Uma; Petrov, Dmitri A.; Hadly, Elizabeth A.
  作者单位：Stanford University; University of Southern California; HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology; Stanford University; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR); National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS); Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI); Stanford University; Stanford Cancer Institute; Stanford University; Stanford University; Stanford University
  摘要：Genomic studies of endangered species have primarily focused on describing diversity patterns and resolving phylogenetic relationships, with the overarching goal of informing conservation efforts. However, few studies have investigated genomic diversity housed in captive populations. For tigers ( Panthera tigris), captive individuals vastly outnumber those in the wild, but their diversity remains largely unexplored. Privately owned captive tiger populations have remained an enigma in the conse...
• Activation induces shift in nutrient utilization that differentially impacts cell functions in human neutrophils AI翻译
  作者：Britt, Emily C.; Qing, Xin; Votava, James A.; Lika, Jorgo; Wagner, Andrew S.; Shen, Simone; Arp, Nicholas L.; Khan, Hamidullah; Schieke, Stefan M.; Fletcher, Christopher D.; Huttenlocher, Anna; Fan, Jing
  作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; The Morgridge Institute for Research, Inc.; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Georgetown University; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
  摘要：Neutrophils utilize a variety of metabolic sources to support their crucial functions as the first responders in innate immunity. Here, through in vivo and ex vivo isotopic tracing, we examined the contributions of different nutrients to neutrophil metabolism under specific conditions. Human peripheral blood neutrophils, in contrast to a neutrophil-like cell line, rely on glycogen storage as a major metabolic source under resting state but rapidly switch to primarily using extracellular glucos...
• Heritable gene editing in tomato through viral delivery of isopentenyl transferase and single- guide RNAs to latent axillary meristematic cells AI翻译
  作者：Liu, Degao; Ellison, Evan E.; Myers, Erik A.; Donahue, Lilee I.; Xuan, Shuya; Swanson, Ryan; Qi, Songyan; Prichard, Lynn E.; Starker, Colby G.; Voytas, Daniel F.
  作者单位：Texas Tech University System; Texas Tech University; University of Cambridge; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
  摘要：Realizing the full potential of genome editing for crop improvement has been slow due to inefficient methods for reagent delivery and the reliance on tissue culture for creating gene- edited plants. RNA viral vectors offer an alternative approach for delivering gene engineering reagents and bypassing the tissue culture requirement. Viruses, however, are often excluded from the shoot apical meristem, making virus- mediated gene editing inefficient in some species. Here, we developed effective a...
• Snowmelt duration controls red algal blooms in the snow of the European Alps AI翻译
  作者：Roussel, Leon; Dumont, Marie; Gascoin, Simon; Monteiro, Diego; Bavay, Mathias; Nabat, Pierre; Ezzedine, Jade Abdellatif; Fructus, Mathieu; Lafaysse, Matthieu; Morin, Samuel; Marechal, Eric
  作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA); Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Universite de Toulouse; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); INRAE
  摘要：Algae populate multiple habitats, including snow and ice, where they can form red blooms. These decrease snow albedo, accelerating snowmelt and potentially feeding back on snow and glacier decline caused by climate change. Quantifying this feedback requires the understanding of bloom evolution with climate change. Little, however, is known about the drivers of red snow blooms. Here, we develop an algorithm to analyze 5 y of satellite data from the European Alps and separate bloom occurrences f...