2024

最新文章

• Automating the analysis of facial emotion expression dynamics: A computational framework and application in psychotic disorders AI翻译
  作者：Hall, Nathan T.; Hallquist, Michael N.; Martin, Elizabeth A.; Lian, Wenxuan; Jonas, Katherine G.; Kotov, Roman
  作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of California System; University of California Irvine; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University
  摘要：Facial emotion expressions play a central role in interpersonal interactions; these displays are used to predict and influence the behavior of others. Despite their importance, quantifying and analyzing the dynamics of brief facial emotion expressions remains an understudied methodological challenge. Here, we present a method that leverages machine learning and network modeling to assess the dynamics of facial expressions. Using video recordings of clinical interviews, we demonstrate the utili...
• Geometric design of antireflective leafhopper brochosomes AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Lin; Li, Zhuo; Shen, Sheng; Wong, Tak-Sing
  作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Carnegie Mellon University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
  摘要：In nature, leafhoppers cover their body surfaces with brochosomes as a protective coating. These leafhopper- produced brochosomes are hollow, buckyball- shaped, nanoscopic spheroids with through - holes distributed across their surfaces, representing a class of deployable optical materials that are rare in nature. Despite their discovery in the 1950s, it remains unknown why the sizes of brochosomes and their through - holes consistently fall within the range of hundreds of nanometers across di...
• Substrate recruitment via eIF2γ enhances catalytic efficiency of a holophosphatase that terminates the integrated stress response AI翻译
  作者：Yan, Yahui; Shetty, Maithili; Harding, Heather P.; George, Ginto; Zyryanova, Alisa; Labbe, Katherine; Mafi, Amirhossein; Hao, Qi; Sidrauski, Carmela; Ron, David; Hinnebusch, Alan
  作者单位：University of Cambridge
  摘要：Dephosphorylation of pSer51 of the alpha subunit of translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2 alpha P) terminates signaling in the integrated stress response (ISR). A trimeric mammalian holophosphatase comprised of a protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) catalytic subunit, the conserved C- terminally located -70 amino acid core of a substrate- specific regulatory subunit (PPP1R15A/GADD34 or PPP1R15B/CReP) and G - actin (an essential cofactor) efficiently dephosphorylate eIF2 alpha P in vitro. Unlike their v...
• The focal adhesion protein talin is a mechanically gated A- kinase anchoring protein AI翻译
  作者：Kang, Mingu; Otani, Yasumi; Guo, Yanyu; Yan, Jie; Goult, Benjamin T.; Howe, Alan K.
  作者单位：University of Vermont; University of Vermont; University of Vermont; University of Kent; University of Liverpool; National University of Singapore
  摘要：Protein kinase A (PKA) is a ubiquitous, promiscuous kinase whose activity is specified through subcellular localization mediated by A- kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs). PKA has complex roles as both an effector and a regulator of integrin- mediated cell adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM). Recent observations demonstrate that PKA is an active component of focal adhesions (FA), suggesting the existence of one or more FA AKAPs. Using a promiscuous biotin ligase fused to PKA type-II alpha reg...
• BCFW tilings and cluster adjacency for the amplituhedron AI翻译
  作者：Even-Zohar, Chaim; Lakrec, Tsviqa; Parisi, Matteo; Sherman-Bennett, Melissa; Tessler, Ran; Williams, Lauren
  作者单位：Technion Israel Institute of Technology; University of Geneva; Harvard University; Institute for Advanced Study - USA; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Weizmann Institute of Science; Harvard University
  摘要：In 2005, Britto, Cachazo, Feng, and Witten gave a recurrence (now known as the BCFW recurrence) for computing scattering amplitudes in N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory. Arkani-Hamed and Trnka subsequently introduced the amplituhedron to give a geometric interpretation of the BCFW recurrence. Arkani-Hamed and Trnka conjectured that each way of iterating the BCFW recurrence gives a triangulation or tiling of the m=4 amplituhedron. In this article, we prove the BCFW tiling conjecture of Arkani-Hamed...
• Frequent winners explain apparent skewness preferences in experience-based decisions AI翻译
  作者：Olschewski, Sebastian; Spektor, Mikhail S.; Le Mens, Gael
  作者单位：University of Basel; University of Warwick; University of Warwick; Pompeu Fabra University
  摘要：Do people's attitudes toward the (a)symmetry of an outcome distribution affect their choices? Financial investors seek return distributions with frequent small returns but few large ones, consistent with leading models of choice in economics and finance that assume right -skewed preferences. In contrast, many experiments in which decision -makers learn about choice options through experience find the opposite choice tendency, in favor of left -skewed options. To reconcile these seemingly contr...
• KCTD10 regulates brain development by destabilizing brain disorder-associated protein KCTD13 AI翻译
  作者：Cheng, Jianbo; Wang, Zhen; Tang, Manpei; Zhang, Wen; Li, Guozhong; Tan, Senwei; Mu, Chenjun; Hu, Mengyuan; Zhang, Dan; Jia, Xiangbin; Wen, Yangxuan; Guo, Hui; Xu, Dan; Liu, Liang; Li, Jiada; Xia, Kun; Li, Faxiang; Duan, Ranhui; Xu, Zhiheng; Yuan, Ling
  作者单位：Central South University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Institute of Genetics & Developmental Biology, CAS; Central South University; Fujian Medical University; Capital Medical University
  摘要：KCTD10 belongs to the KCTD (potassiumchannel tetramerization domain) family, many members of which are associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the biological function underlying the association with brain disorders remains to be explored. Here, we reveal that Kctd10 is highly expressed in neuronal progenitors and layer V neurons throughout brain development. Kctd10 deficiency triggers abnormal proliferation and differentiation of neuronal progenitors, reduced deep - layer (especia...
• Cold seep formation from salt diapir-controlled deep biosphere oases AI翻译
  作者：Chowdhury, Anirban; Ventura, Gregory T.; Owino, Yaisa; Lalk, Ellen J.; Macadam, Natasha; Dooma, John M.; Ono, Shuhei; Fowler, Martin; Macdonald, Adam; Bennett, Robbie; Macrae, R. Andrew; Hubert, Casey R. J.; Bentley, Jeremy N.; Kerr, Mitchell J.
  作者单位：Saint Marys University - Canada; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Natural Resources Canada; Lands & Minerals Sector - Natural Resources Canada; Geological Survey of Canada; University of Calgary
  摘要：Deep sea cold seeps are sites where hydrogen sulfide, methane, and other hydrocarbon - rich fluids vent from the ocean floor. They are an important component of Earth's carbon cycle in which subsurface hydrocarbons form the energy source for highly diverse benthic micro- and macro - fauna in what is otherwise vast and spartan sea scape. Passive continental margin cold seeps are typically attributed to the migration of hydrocarbons generated from deeply buried source rocks. Many of these seeps ...
• Immiscible Rayleigh-Taylor turbulence: Implications for bacterial degradation in oil spills AI翻译
  作者：Brizzolara, Stefano; Naudascher, Robert; Rosti, Marco Edoardo; Stocker, Roman; Boffetta, Guido; Mazzino, Andrea; Holzner, Markus
  作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow & Landscape Research; Okinawa Institute of Science & Technology Graduate University; University of Turin; Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI); Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); University of Turin; University of Genoa; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN); University of Genoa; Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI); BOKU University
  摘要：An unstable density stratification between two fluids mixes spontaneously under the effect of gravity, a phenomenon known as Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) turbulence. If the two fluids are immiscible, for example, oil and water, surface tension prevents intermixing at the molecular level. However, turbulence fragments one fluid into the other, generating an emulsion in which the typical droplet size decreases over time as a result of the competition between the rising kinetic energy and the surface ene...
• Intergenomic signatures of coevolution between Tasmanian devils and an infectious cancer AI翻译
  作者：Gallinson, Dylan G.; Kozakiewicz, Christopher P.; Rautsaw, Rhett M.; Beer, Marc A.; Ruiz-Aravena, Manuel; Comte, Sebastien; Hamilton, David G.; Kerlin, Douglas H.; Mccallum, Hamish I.; Hamede, Rodrigo; Jones, Menna E.; Storfer, Andrew; Mcminds, Ryan; Margres, Mark J.
  作者单位：State University System of Florida; University of South Florida; State University System of Florida; University of South Florida; Washington State University; Michigan State University; University of Tasmania; Cornell University; Department of Primary Industries & Regional Development NSW; Griffith University
  摘要：Coevolution is common and frequently governs host-pathogen interaction outcomes. Phenotypes underlying these interactions often manifest as the combined products of the genomes of interacting species, yet traditional quantitative trait mapping approaches ignore these intergenomic interactions. Devil facial tumor disease (DFTD), an infectious cancer afflicting Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii), has decimated devil populations due to universal host susceptibility and a fatality rate approa...