2024

最新文章

• Accurate estimation of biological age and its application in disease prediction using a multimodal image Transformer system AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Jinzhuo; Gao, Yuanxu; Wang, Fangfei; Zeng, Simiao; Li, Jiahui; Miao, Hanpei; Wang, Taorui; Zeng, Jin; Baptista-Hon, Daniel; Monteiro, Olivia; Guan, Taihua; Cheng, Linling; Lu, Yuxing; Luo, Zhengchao; Li, Ming; Zhu, Jian-kang; Nie, Sheng; Zhang, Kang; Zhou, Yong
  作者单位：Peking University; Macau University of Science & Technology; Macau University of Science & Technology; Macau University of Science & Technology; Guangzhou Laboratory; Guangzhou Medical University; Southern Medical University - China; Wenzhou Medical University; Southern University of Science & Technology; Southern University of Science & Technology; Southern Medical University - China; Shanghai Jiao Tong University
  摘要：Aging in an individual refers to the temporal change, mostly decline, in the body's ability to meet physiological demands. Biological age (BA) is a biomarker of chronological aging and can be used to stratify populations to predict certain age- related chronic diseases. BA can be predicted from biomedical features such as brain MRI, retinal, or facial images, but the inherent heterogeneity in the aging process limits the usefulness of BA predicted from individual body systems. In this paper, w...
• Local and dynamic regulation of neuronal glycolysis in vivo AI翻译
  作者：Wolfe, Aaron D.; Koberstein, John N.; Smith, Chadwick B.; Stewart, Melissa L.; Gonzaleza, Ian J.; Hammarlund, Marc; Hyman, Anthony A.; Stork, Philip J. S.; Goodman, Richard H.; Colon-Ramosa, Daniel A.
  作者单位：Yale University; Yale University; Oregon Health & Science University; Max Planck Society; Yale University
  摘要：Energy metabolism supports neuronal function. While it is well established that changes in energy metabolism underpin brain plasticity and function, less is known about how individual neurons modulate their metabolic states to meet varying energy demands. This is because most approaches used to examine metabolism in living organisms lack the resolution to visualize energy metabolism within individual circuits, cells, or subcellular regions. Here, we adapted a biosensor for glycolysis, HYlight,...
• Self- organized BMP signaling dynamics underlie the development and evolution of digit segmentation patterns in birds and mammals AI翻译
  作者：Grall, Emmanuelle; Feregrino, Christian; Fischer, Sabrina; De Courten, Aline; Sacher, Fabio; Hiscock, Tom W.; Tschopp, Patrick
  作者单位：University of Basel; University of Aberdeen; Helmholtz Association; Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine
  摘要：Repeating patterns of synovial joints are a highly conserved feature of articulated digits, with variations in joint number and location resulting in diverse digit morphologies and limb functions across the tetrapod clade. During the development of the amniote limb, joints form iteratively within the growing digit ray, as a population of distal progenitors alternately specifies joint and phalanx cell fates to segment the digit into distinct elements. While numerous molecular pathways have been...
• Molecular mechanism governing the plasticity of use- dependent spike broadening in dorsal root ganglion neurons AI翻译
  作者：Alexander, Tyler D.; Tymanskyj, Stephen; Kennedy, Kyle J.; Kaczmarek, Leonard K.; Covarrubias, Manuel
  作者单位：Thomas Jefferson University; Thomas Jefferson University; Yale University; Yale University
  摘要：by June accepted Use- dependent spike broadening (UDSB) results from inactivation of the voltage- gated K+ (Kv) channels that regulate the repolarization of the action potential. However, the specific signaling and molecular processes that modulate UDSB have remained elusive. Here, we applied an adeno- associated viral vector approach and dynamic clamping to conclusively demonstrate how multisite phosphorylation of the N- terminal inactivation domain (NTID) of the Kv3.4 channel modulates UDSB ...
• Basal forebrain cholinergic activity is necessary for upward firing rate homeostasis in the rodent visual cortex AI翻译
  作者：Bottorff, Juliet; Padgett, Sydney; Turrigiano, Gina G.
  作者单位：Brandeis University; Brandeis University
  摘要：Bidirectional homeostatic plasticity allows neurons and circuits to maintain stable firing in the face of developmental or learning- induced perturbations. In the primary visual cortex (V1), upward firing rate homeostasis (FRH) only occurs during active wake (AW) and downward during sleep, but how this behavioral state- dependent gating is accomplished is unknown. Here, we focus on how AW enables upward FRH in V1 of juvenile Long Evans rats. A major difference between quiet wake (QW), when upw...
• Multiscale drainage dynamics with Haines jumps monitored by stroboscopic 4D X- ray microscopy AI翻译
  作者：Tekseth, Kim Robert; Mirzaei, Fazel; Lukic, Bratislav; Chattopadhyay, Basab; Breiby, Dag Werner
  作者单位：Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU); European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF); University of South-Eastern Norway
  摘要：Slow multiphase flow in porous media is intriguing because its underlying dynamics is almost deterministic, yet depends on a hierarchy of spatiotemporal processes. There has been great progress in the experimental study of such multiphase flows, but three- dimensional (3D) microscopy methods probing the pore scale fluid dynamics with millisecond resolution have been lacking. Yet, it is precisely at these length and time scales that the crucial pore filling events known as Haines jumps take pla...
• The quantum house of cards AI翻译
  作者：Waintal, Xavier
  作者单位：Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA)
  摘要：Quantum computers have been proposed to solve a number of important problems such as discovering new drugs, new catalysts for fertilizer production, breaking encryption protocols, optimizing financial portfolios, or implementing new artificial intelligence applications. Yet, to date, a simple task such as multiplying 3 by 5 is beyond existing quantum hardware. This article examines the difficulties that would need to be solved for quantum computers to live up to their promises. I discuss the w...
• Photosynthetic demands on translational machinery drive retention of redundant tRNA metabolism in plant organelles AI翻译
  作者：Detar, Rachael A.; Chustecki, Joanna M.; Martinez-Hottovy, Ana; Ceriotti, Luis Federico; Broz, Amanda K.; Lou, Xiaorui; Sanchez-Puerta, M. Virginia; Elowsky, Christian; Christensen, Alan C.; Sloan, Daniel B.
  作者单位：Colorado State University System; Colorado State University Fort Collins; University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln; University Nacional Cuyo Mendoza; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); University Nacional Cuyo Mendoza; University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln
  摘要：Eukaryotic nuclear genomes often encode distinct sets of translation machinery for function in the cytosol vs. organelles (mitochondria and plastids). This raises questions about why multiple translation systems are maintained even though they are capable of comparable functions and whether they evolve differently depending on the compartment where they operate. These questions are particularly interesting in plants because is often dual- targeted to the plastids and mitochondria. These organe...
• Lanthanide binding peptide surfactants at air-aqueous interfaces for interfacial separation of rare earth elements AI翻译
  作者：Macias, Luis E. Ortuno; Jimenez-Angeles, Felipe; Marmorstein, Jason G.; Wang, Yiming; Crane, Stephen A.; Surabh, K. T.; Sun, Pan; Sapkota, Bikash; Hummingbird, Eshe; Jung, Woojin; Qiao, Baofu; Lee, Daeyeon; Dmochowski, Ivan J.; Messinger, Robert J.; Schlossman, Mark L.; Nunez, Cesar de la Fuente; Radhakrishnan, Ravi; Petersson, E. James; de la Cruz, Monica Olvera; Bu, Wei; Bera, Mrinal; Lin, Binhua; Tu, Raymond S.; Stebe, Kathleen J.; Maldarelli, Charles
  作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System; City College of New York (CUNY); Northwestern University; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; University of Chicago
  摘要：Rare earth elements (REEs) are critical materials to modern technologies. They are obtained by selective separation from mining feedstocks consisting of mixtures of their trivalent cation. We are developing an all-aqueous, bioinspired, interfacial separation using peptides as amphiphilic molecular extractants. Lanthanide binding tags (LBTs) are amphiphilic peptide sequences based on the EF-hand metal binding loops of calcium-binding proteins which complex selectively REEs. We study LBTs optimi...
• Metapopulation heterogeneities in host mobility, productivity, and immunocompetency always increase virulence and infectiousness AI翻译
  作者：Sato, Masato; Dieckmann, Ulf; Sasaki, Akira
  作者单位：Graduate University for Advanced Studies - Japan; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST); Okinawa Institute of Science & Technology Graduate University; Graduate University for Advanced Studies - Japan; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA)
  摘要：The epidemiology and evolution of diseases unfold in populations that are rarely homogeneous. Instead, hosts infected by pathogens often form metapopulations, in which local populations connected by the movement of hosts experience different demographic and epidemiological conditions. Here, we develop a general theory of the evolution of pathogens in heterogeneous metapopulations. We reveal the following key insights into the evolution of pathogen virulence and infectiousness: (1) When the mob...