2024

最新文章

• A global assessment of plant-mite mutualism and its ecological drivers AI翻译
  作者：Myers, Andrew; Martin, Bruce; Yonenaga, Jenna; Agrawal, Anurag A.; Weber, Marjorie G.
  作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Michigan State University; University of California System; University of California Davis; Cornell University
  摘要：Mutualisms are mediated by adaptive traits of interacting organisms and play a central role in the ecology and evolution of species. Thousands of plant species possess tiny structures called domatia that house mites which protect plants from pests, yet these traits remain woefully understudied. Here, we release a worldwide database of species with mite domatia and provide an evaluation of the phylogenetic and geographic distribution of this mutualistic trait. With >2,500 additions based on dig...
• Loss of XIST lncRNA unlocks stemness and cellular plasticity in ovarian cancer AI翻译
  作者：Naciri, Ikrame; Liang, Minzhi; Yang, Ying; Karner, Heather; Lin, Benjamin; Ludena, Maria De Lourdes Andrade; Hanse, Eric A.; Lebron, Alfredo; Razorenova, Olga, V; Nicholas, Dequina; Kong, Mei; Sun, Sha
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of Notre Dame; University of Notre Dame; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Birmingham; University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Birmingham
  摘要：Plasticity, a key hallmark of cancer, enables cells to transition into different states, driving tumor heterogeneity. This cellular plasticity is associated with cancer progression, treatment resistance, and relapse. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a central role in this process, yet the molecular factors underlying cancer cell stemness remain poorly understood. In this study, we explored the role of XIST (X- inactive specific transcript) long noncoding RNA in ovarian cancer stemness and plastic...
• Analysis of the structure and interactions of the SARS-CoV-2 ORF7b accessory protein AI翻译
  作者：Ha Nguyen, Minh-; Palfy, Gyula; Fogeron, Marie-Laure; Pedrosa, Marti Ninot; Zehnder, Johannes; Rimal, Vaclav; Callon, Morgane; Lecoq, Lauriane; Barnes, Alexander; Meier, Beat H.; Bockmann, Anja
  作者单位：Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
  摘要：SARS-CoV-2 carries a sizeable number of proteins that are accessory to replication but may be essential for virus-host interactions and modulation of the host immune response. Here, we investigated the structure and interactions of the largely unknown ORF7b, a small membranous accessory membrane protein of SARS- CoV-2. We show that structural predictions indicate a transmembrane (TM) leucine zipper for ORF7b, and experimentally confirm the predominantly alpha- helical secondary structure withi...
• Opportunities for carbon sequestration from removing or intensifying pasture- based beef production AI翻译
  作者：Hayek, Matthew N.; Piipponen, Johannes; Kummu, Matti; Sahlin, Kajsa Resare; McClelland, Shelby C.; Carlson, Kimberly
  作者单位：New York University; Aalto University; Stockholm University; Cornell University
  摘要：Pastures, on which ruminant livestock graze, occupy one third of the earth's surface. Removing livestock from pastures can support climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration in regrowing vegetation and recovering soils, particularly in potentially forested areas. However, this would also decrease food and fiber production, generating a tradeoff with pasture productivity and the ruminant meat production pastures support. We evaluate the magnitude and distribution of this tradeoff gl...
• Stress- induced modification of Escherichia coli tRNA generates 5-methylcytidine in the variable loop AI翻译
  作者：Valesyan, Satenik; Jora, Manasses; Addepalli, Balasubrahmanyam; Limbach, Patrick A.
  作者单位：University System of Ohio; University of Cincinnati; AstraZeneca; Waters Corporation
  摘要：There has been recent interest in trying to understand the connection between transfer RNA (tRNA) posttranscriptional modifications and changes in-cellular environmental conditions. Here, we report on the identification of the modified nucleoside 5-methylcytidine (m(5)C) in Escherichia coli tRNAs. This modification was determined to be present at position 49 of tRNA Tyr-QUA-II. Moreover, m(5)C levels in this tRNA are significantly elevated under high reactive oxygen specieis (ROS) conditions i...
• Word reuse and combination support efficient communication of emerging concepts AI翻译
  作者：Xu, Aotao; Kemp, Charles; Frermann, Lea; Xu, Yang
  作者单位：University of Toronto; University of Melbourne; University of Melbourne; University of Toronto
  摘要：A key function of the lexicon is to express novel concepts as they emerge over time through a process known as lexicalization. The most common lexicalization strategies are the reuse and combination of existing words, but they have typically been studied separately in the areas of word meaning extension and word formation. Here, we offer an information-theoretic account of how both strategies are constrained by a fundamental tradeoff between competing communicative pressures: Word reuse tends ...
• Reply to Rosenblum et al. and Carriquiry and Ommen: Understanding probative value, triers- of- fact, and usefulness of validity study results AI翻译
  作者：Guyll, Max; Madon, Stephanie; Yang, Yueran; Burd, Kayla A.; Wells, Gary
  作者单位：Arizona State University; Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE); University of Nevada Reno; University of Wyoming; Iowa State University
• E- cigs put the squeeze on macrophages AI翻译
  作者：Arnett, Eusondia; Schlesinger, Larry S.
  作者单位：Texas Biomedical Research Institute
• Collective phase transitions in confined fish schools AI翻译
  作者：Huang, Chenchen; Ling, Feng; Kanso, Eva
  作者单位：University of Southern California; University of Southern California
  摘要：The collective patterns that emerge in schooling fish are often analyzed using models of self-propelled particles in unbounded domains. However, while schooling fish in both field and laboratory settings interact with domain boundaries, these effects are typically ignored. Here, we propose a model that incorporates geometric confinement, by accounting for both flow and wall interactions, into existing data driven behavioral rules. We show that new collective phases emerge where the school of f...
• Dominant and genome- wide formation of DNA:RNA hybrid G- quadruplexes in living yeast cells AI翻译
  作者：Ren, Chen-xia; Duan, Rui-fang; Wang, Jia; Hao, Yu-hua; Tan, Zheng
  作者单位：Changzhi Medical College; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Zoology, CAS
  摘要：Guanine- rich DNA forms G- quadruplexes (G4s) that play a critical role in essential cellular processes. Previous studies have mostly focused on intramolecular G4s composed of four consecutive guanine tracts (G- tracts) from a single strand. However, this structural form has not been strictly confirmed in the genome of living eukaryotic cells. Here, we report the formation of hybrid G4s (hG4s), consisting of G- tracts from both DNA and RNA, in the genome of living yeast cells. Analysis of Okaz...