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作者：Grossman, Ethan L.; Barney, Bryce B.; Sun, Zeyang; Henkes, Gregory A.; Gao, Yang; Joachimski, Michael M.
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; University of Erlangen Nuremberg
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作者：Crabtree, Charles
作者单位：Dartmouth College
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作者：Yan, Gaoge; Amita, Hidetoshi; Nonomura, Satoshi; Inoue, Ken-ichi; Schultz, Wolfram; Takada, Masahiko
作者单位：Kyoto University; Shiga University of Medical Science; University of Cambridge
摘要：Dopamine (DA) signals to the striatum play critical roles in shaping and sustaining stimulus-reward associations. In primates, however, the dynamics of the DA signals remain unknown since conventional methods are not necessarily appropriate in terms of the spatiotemporal resolution or chemical specificity sufficient for detecting the DA signals. In our study, fiber photometry with a fluorescent DA sensor was employed to identify reward-related DA transients in the monkey striatum. This techniq...
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作者：Huang, Ziyu; Dong, Chuanfei; Wang, Liang
作者单位：Boston University
摘要：Nonlinear plasma physics problems are usually simulated through comprehensive modeling of phase space. The extreme computational cost of such simulations has motivated the development of multi-moment fluid models. However, a major challenge has been finding a suitable fluid closure for these fluid models. Recent developments in physics-informed machine learning have led to a renewed interest in constructing accurate fluid closure terms. In this study, we take an approach that integrates kineti...
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作者：Chae, Rebecca L.; Siddiqui, Rafay; Xu, Yan
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作者：Ma, Xixian; Lu, Yan; Stoneking, Mark; Xu, Shuhua
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Shanghai Institute of Nutrition & Health, CAS; Shenzhen Bay Laboratory; Fudan University; Fudan University; Max Planck Society; VetAgro Sup; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Fudan University
摘要：Positive selection at the 2q21.3 enhancer region for lactase gene (LCT) expression in Europeans and Africans has long been attributed to selection for lactase persistence (LP), the capacity of adults to digest lactose in milk, presumably because of the benefits associated with milk consumption. While considered a classic example of gene-culture coevolution, recently doubts have been raised about the link between selection at 2q21.3 and LP. Analysis of additional populations could shed further ...
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作者：Oggero, Silvia; Voisin, Mathieu - Benoit; Picco, Francesca; Huerta, Miguel A.; Cecconello, Chiara; Burgoyne, Thomas; Perretti, Mauro; Malcangio, Marzia
作者单位：University of London; King's College London; University of London; Queen Mary University London; University of Granada; University of London; University College London; Royal Brompton Hospital
摘要：Pain independent of disease activity is frequently reported by rheumatoid arthritis patients and remains undertreated. Preclinical evidence suggests that imbalance of neuroimmune proresolving interactions within dorsal root ganglia (DRG) rather than at the site of inflammation plays mechanistic roles in persistent arthritis pain. Here, we inhibited production of proresolving lipid mediators by silencing 12/15-lipoxygenase expression in CX3CR1+ monocyte/macrophages conditional knockout (cKO) mi...
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作者：Acosta, Magdalena Fernandez -; Zanini, Rebeca; Heredia, Fabiana; Volonte, Yanel A.; Menezes, Juliane; Prueger, Katja; Ibarra, Julieta; Arana, Maite; Perez, Maria S.; Veenstra, Jan A.; Wegener, Christian; Gontijo, Alisson M.; Garelli, Andres
作者单位：Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Universidade de Lisboa; Universidade de Lisboa; National University of the South; Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingenieria Electrica (IIIE); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); National University of the South; Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingenieria Electrica (IIIE); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Bordeaux; CNRS - National Institute for Biology (INSB); University of Wurzburg; Leloir Institute; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); Medical University of Vienna
摘要：At the end of their growth phase, Drosophila larvae remodel their bodies, glue themselves to a substrate, and harden their cuticle in preparation for metamorphosis. This process-termed pupariation-is triggered by a surge in the hormone ecdysone. Substrate attachment is achieved by a pupariation subprogram called glue expulsion and spreading behavior (GSB). An epidermis-to-CNS Dilp8-Lgr3 relaxin signaling event that occurs downstream of ecdysone is critical for unlocking progression of the pupa...
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作者：Gasparin, Matteo; Wang, Ruodu; Ramdas, Aaditya
作者单位：University of Padua; University of Waterloo; Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：The problem of combining P-values is an old and fundamental one, and the classic assumption of independence is often violated or unverifiable in many applications. There are many well-known rules that can combine a set of arbitrarily dependent P-values (for the same hypothesis) into a single P-value. We show that essentially all these existing rules can be strictly improved when the P-values are exchangeable, or when external randomization is allowed (or both). For example, we derive randomize...
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作者：Gassmann, Aaron J.; Brenizer, Ben D.; Kropf, Abigail L.; McCulloch, John B.; Radosevich, Devin L.; Shrestha, Ram B.; Smith, Eliott M.; St Clair, Coy R.
作者单位：Iowa State University
摘要：Transgenic crops that produce insecticidal toxins derived from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are grown worldwide to manage insect pests. Western corn root-worm is a serious pest of maize in the United States and is managed with Bt maize. In the United States, the commercial cultivation of a Bt crop requires an accompanying resistance-management strategy to delay the evolution of Bt resistance. One of the primary resistance-management strategies consists of non-Bt refuges along with...
