11期

最新文章

• Dual- filament regulation of relaxation in mammalian fast skeletal muscle AI翻译
  作者：Hill, Cameron; Kalakoutis, Michaeljohn; Arcidiacono, Alice; Cullup, Flair Paradine; Wang, Yanhong; Fukutani, Atsuki; Narayanan, Theyencheri; Brunello, Elisabetta; Fusi, Luca; Irving, Malcolm
  作者单位：University of London; King's College London; University of London; King's College London; European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF); University of London; King's College London
  摘要：Muscle contraction is driven by myosin motors from the thick filaments pulling on the actin-containing thin filaments of the sarcomere, and it is regulated by structural changes in both filaments. Thin filaments are activated by an increase in intracellular calcium concentration [Ca2+]i and by myosin binding to actin. Thick filaments are activated by direct sensing of the filament load. However, these mechanisms cannot explain muscle relaxation when [Ca2+]i decreases at high load and myosin mo...
• Antibody reactivity against EBNA1 and GlialCAM differentiates multiple sclerosis patients from healthy controls AI翻译
  作者：Sattarnezhad, Neda; Kockum, Ingrid; Thomas, Olivia G.; Liu, Yicong; Ho, Peggy P.; Barrett, Alison K.; Comanescu, Alexandros I.; Wijeratne, Tilini U.; Utz, Paul J.; Alfredsson, Lars; Steinman, Lawrence; Robinson, William H.; Olsson, Tomas; Lanz, Tobias, V
  作者单位：Stanford University; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); VA Palo Alto Health Care System; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska University Hospital; Karolinska Institutet; Stanford University; Stanford University; Karolinska Institutet; Geriatric Research Education & Clinical Center; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); VA Palo Alto Health Care System
  摘要：Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), which is linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, preceding the disease. The molecular mechanisms underlying this connection are only partially understood. We previously described molecular mimicry between the EBV transcription factor EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) and three human CNS proteins: anoctamin-2 (ANO2), alpha-B crystallin (CRYAB), and glial cellular adhesion molecule (GlialCAM). ...
• Diel partitioning in microbial phosphorus acquisition in the Sargasso Sea AI翻译
  作者：Muratore, Daniel; Gilbert, Naomi E.; LeCleir, Gary R.; Wilhelm, Steven W.; Weitz, Joshua S.
  作者单位：The Santa Fe Institute; University of Tennessee System; University of Tennessee Knoxville; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
  摘要：The daily cycle of photosynthetic primary production at the base of marine food webs is often limited by the availability of scarce nutrients. Microbial competition for these scarce resources can be alleviated insofar as the intensity of nutrient uptake and assimilation activities are distributed heterogeneously across organisms over periodic input cycles. Recent analysis of community transcriptional dynamics in the nitrogen-limited subtropical North Pacific gyre revealed evidence of temporal ...
• Planets larger than Neptune have elevated eccentricities AI翻译
  作者：Gilberta, Gregory J.; Petigura, Erik A.; Entrican, Paige M.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
  摘要：NASA's Kepler mission identified over 4,000 extrasolar planets that transit (cross in front of) their host stars. This sample has revealed detailed features in the demographics of planet sizes and orbital spacings. However, knowledge of their orbital shapes-a key tracer of planetary formation and evolution-remains far more limited. We present measurements of eccentricities for 1,646 Kepler planets, 92% of which are smaller than Neptune. For all planet sizes, the eccentricity distribution peaks...
• Cryo- ET reveals the in situ architecture of the polar tube invasion apparatus from microsporidian parasites AI翻译
  作者：Usmani, Mahrukh; Coudray, Nicolas; Riggi, Margot; Raghu, Rishwanth; Ramchandani, Harshita; Bobe, Daija; Kopylov, Mykhailo; Zhong, Ellen D.; Iwasa, Janet H.; Ekiert, Damian C.; Bhabha, Gira
  作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; New York University; New York University; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Princeton University
  摘要：Microsporidia are divergent fungal pathogens that employ a unique harpoon-like apparatus called the polar tube (PT) to invade host cells. The long PT is fired out of the microsporidian spore over the course of just a few hundred milliseconds. Once fired, the PT is thought to pierce the plasma membrane of a target cell and act as a conduit for the transfer of the parasite into the host cell, which initiates infection. The PT architecture and its association with neighboring organelles within th...
• Topologically reconfigurable nematic emulsions AI翻译
  作者：Das, Saikat; Reza, Seyednejad Seyed; Copar, Simon; Dhara, Surajit
  作者单位：University of Hyderabad; University of Ljubljana
  摘要：In emulsions of multicomponent fluids, the dispersed phase forms tiny droplets in the continuous phase. In situ control and manipulation to achieve diversity in emulsion droplets for emerging applications is challenging. In a liquid crystal-based emulsion, the surface anchoring of the molecules at the isotropic fluid-liquid crystal interface introduces elastic distortions that result in anisotropic interparticle interactions, similar to electrostatic interactions between multipoles, which also...
• The SUbventral- Gland Regulator (SUGR-1) of nematode virulence AI翻译
  作者：Pellegrin, Clement; Damm, Anika; Sperling, Alexis L.; Molloy, Beth; Shin, Dio S.; Long, Jonathan; Brett, Paul; Iguh, Tochukwu Chisom; Kranse, Olaf P.; Bravo, Andrea Diaz-Tendero; Lynch, Sarah Jane; Senatori, Beatrice; Vieira, Paulo; Mejias, Joffrey; Kumar, Anil; Masonbrink, Rick E.; Maier, Tom R.; Baum, Thomas J.; van den Akker, Sebastian
  作者单位：University of Cambridge; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); John Innes Centre; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); USDA Agricultural Research Service; Iowa State University; Iowa State University
  摘要：Pathogens must precisely tailor their gene expression to cause infection. However, a signaling cascade from host signal to effector production has remained elusive for metazoan pathogens. Here, we show that plants contain molecular signals, termed effectostimulins, that activate the first identified regulator of plant-parasitic nematode effectors. SUGR-1 directly binds effector promoters, and is central to a transcriptional network that activates 58 effector genes. Importantly, we demonstrate ...
• The genetic regulatory architecture and epigenomic basis for age-related changes in rattlesnake venom (vol 121,e2313440121,2024) AI翻译
  作者：Hogan, Michael P.; Holding, Matthew L.; Nystrom, Gunnar S.; Colston, Timothy J.; Bartlett, Daniel A.; Mason, Andrew J.; Ellsworth, Schyler A.; Rautsaw, Rhett M.; Lawrence, Kylie C.; Strickland, Jason L.; He, Bing; Fraser, Peter; Margres, Mark J.; Gilbert, David M.; Gibbs, H. Lisle; Parkinson, Christopher L.; Rokyta, Darin R.
• Eukaryotic phytoplankton drive a decrease in primary production in response to elevated CO2 in the tropical and subtropical oceans AI翻译
  作者：Dai, Rongbo; Wen, Zuozhu; Hong, Haizheng; Browning, Thomas J.; Hu, Xiaohua; Chen, Ze; Liu, Xin; Dai, Minhan; Morel, Francois M. M.; Shi, Dalin
  作者单位：Xiamen University; Helmholtz Association; GEOMAR Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research Kiel; Princeton University
  摘要：Ocean acidification caused by increasing anthropogenic CO2 is expected to impact marine phytoplankton productivity, yet the extent and even direction of these changes are not well constrained. Here, we investigate the responses of phytoplankton community composition and productivity to acidification across the western North Pacific. Consistent reductions in primary production were observed under acidified conditions in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre and the northern South China Sea, wherea...
• The role of excitations in supercooled liquids: Density, geometry, and relaxation dynamics AI翻译
  作者：Ji, Wencheng; Ciamarra, Massimo Pica; Wyart, Matthieu
  作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science; Nanyang Technological University; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto Superconduttori, Materiali e Dispositivi Innovativi (SPIN-CNR); Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne
  摘要：Low-energy excitations play a key role in all condensed-matter systems, yet there is limited understanding of their nature in glasses, where they correspond to local rearrangements of groups of particles. Here, we introduce an algorithm to systematically uncover these excitations up to the activation energy scale relevant to structural relaxation. We use it in a model system to measure the density of states on a scale never achieved before, confirming that this quantity shifts to higher energy...