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作者：Butterfield, Gabriel L.; Rohm, Dahlia; Roberts, Avery; Nethery, Matthew A.; Rizzo, Anthony J.; Morone, Daniel J.; Garnier, Lisa; Iglesias, Nahid; Barrangou, Rodolphe; Gersbach, Charles A.
作者单位：Duke University; Duke University; North Carolina State University
摘要：CRISPR-Cas9 systems have revolutionized biotechnology, creating diverse new opportunities for biomedical research and therapeutic genome and epigenome editing. Despite the abundance of bacterial CRISPR-Cas9 systems, relatively few are effective in human cells, limiting the overall potential of CRISPR technology. To expand the CRISPR-Cas toolbox, we characterized a set of type II CRISPR-Cas9 systems from select bacterial genera and species encoding diverse Cas9s. Four systems demonstrated robus...
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作者：Deng, Xingguang; Peng, Felicia Lei; Tang, Xiaoya; Lee, Yuh-Ru Julie; Lin, Hong-Hui; Liu, Bo
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作者：Halte, Manuel; Popp, Philipp F.; Hathcock, David; Severn, John; Fischer, Svenja; Goosmann, Christian; Ducret, Adrien; Charpentier, Emmanuelle; Tu, Yuhai; Lauga, Eric; Erhardt, Marc; Renault, Thibaud T.
作者单位：Humboldt University of Berlin; International Business Machines (IBM); IBM USA; University of Cambridge; Max Planck Society; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Biology (INSB); Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - Institute of Chemistry (INC); Universite de Bordeaux
摘要：The flagellum is the most complex macromolecular structure known in bacteria and is composed of around two dozen distinct proteins. The main building block of the long, external flagellar filament, flagellin, is secreted through the flagellar type-III secretion system at a remarkable rate of several tens of thousands of amino acids per second, significantly surpassing the rates achieved by other pore-based protein secretion systems. The evolutionary implications and potential benefits of this ...
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作者：Wang, Qian; Xu, Shuai; Shen, Wentao; Wei, Yanli; Han, Lu; Wang, Zhengxiang; Yu, Yingying; Liu, Minxuan; Liu, Junwen; Deng, Guohua; Chen, Hualan; Zhu, Qiyun
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS; Lanzhou University; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS
摘要：N6-methyladnosine (m6A) modification is present in both positive-and negative-strand RNA of influenza A virus (IAV) and affects the replication and pathogenicity of IAV. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanism of m6A in IAV RNA. In the present study, we identified the m6A methylation of the viral RNA of different IAV subtypes and confirmed that m6A modification promotes the polymerase activity and replication of IAV. By mutating m6A motifs on the multiple viral RNAs (vRNAs) of ...
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作者：Zhang, Lu; Pini, Lorenzo; Shulman, Gordon L.; Corbetta, Maurizio
作者单位：Ningbo University; University of Padua; Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); University of Padua; Veneto Institute Molecular Medicine
摘要：Resting brain activity, in the absence of explicit tasks, appears as distributed spatiotemporal patterns that reflect structural connectivity and correlate with behavioral traits. However, its role in shaping behavior remains unclear. Recent evidence shows that resting- state spatial patterns not only align with task- evoked topographies but also features, suggesting mechanisms for long- term storage and predictive coding. While prior research focused on static, time- averaged task activations...
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作者：Zhou, Jian; Huang, Richard; Moldovan, Nicolaie; Stan, Liliana; Wen, Jianguo; Jin, Dafei; Nelson, David R.; Kosmrlj, Andrej; Czaplewski, David A.; Lopez, Daniel
作者单位：United States Department of Energy (DOE); Argonne National Laboratory; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Binghamton University, SUNY; Harvard University; University of Notre Dame; Princeton University; Princeton University; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：Thermally induced ripples are intrinsic features of nanometer-thick films, atomically thin materials, and cell membranes, significantly affecting their elastic properties. Despite decades of theoretical studies on the mechanics of suspended thermalized sheets, controversy still exists over the impact of these ripples, with conflicting predictions about whether elasticity is scale-dependent or scale-independent. Experimental progress has been hindered so far by the inability to have a platform ...
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作者：Schwalbe, Harald; Burkhart, Ines
作者单位：Goethe University Frankfurt
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作者：Cohen, Samantha S.; Ngo, Chi T.; Olson, Ingrid R.; Newcombe, Nora S.
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Temple University; Max Planck Society
摘要：Pattern separation, or distinguishing similar experiences from one another, and pattern completion, in which components of an experience prompt retrieval or forgetting of an event pattern as a unit, are essential components of episodic memory. However, these two components are sometimes described as opposite ends of a continuum and sometimes described as independent processes. Here, we examined the relations between the two processes for the same events in children between 4 and 7 y. Mnemonic ...
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作者：Zhu, Qianru; Yu, Chuao; Chen, Yiquan; Luo, Wei; Li, Meng; Zou, Jianhua; Xiao, Fan; An, Soohwan; Saiding, Qimanguli; Tao, Wei; Kong, Na; Xie, Tian
作者单位：Hangzhou Normal University; Zhejiang University; Liangzhu Laboratory; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Brigham & Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School
摘要：Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is notoriously immune-resistant, limiting the clinical efficacy of single-agent immune modulators and thereby necessitating the exploration of multimodal immunotherapy combinations. Traditional approaches combining conventional immune checkpoint inhibitors with neoantigen vaccines have shown some promise in treating PDAC but are often compromised by intratumoral T lymphocyte exhaustion and systemic toxicity. Hence, novel approaches are needed to address ...
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作者：Zhu, Ruijie; Zhang, Zhaoying; Zhang, Naichi; Zhong, Huan; Zhou, Fanqi; Zhang, Xiao; Liu, Cun; Huang, Yingnan; Yuan, Yuan; Wang, Yujun; Li, Chengjun; Shi, Huahong; Rillig, Matthias C.; Dang, Fei; Ren, Hongqiang; Zhang, Yongguang; Xing, Baoshan
作者单位：Nanjing University; Nanjing University; Nanjing Normal University; Nanjing University; Nanjing University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Guangzhou University; Free University of Berlin; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst
摘要：Understanding how ecosystems respond to ubiquitous microplastic (MP) pollution is crucial for ensuring global food security. Here, we conduct a multiecosystem meta-analysis of 3,286 data points and reveal that MP exposure leads to a global reduction in photosynthesis of 7.05 to 12.12% in terrestrial plants, marine algae, and freshwater algae. These reductions align with those estimated by a constructed machine learning model using current MP pollution levels, showing that MP exposure reduces t...
