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作者：Posten, Ann-Christin; Ugurlar, Pinar; Kube, Sebastian; Lammers, Joris
作者单位：University of Limerick; Ozyegin University; University of Bonn; University of Bonn; Max Planck Society; University of Cologne
摘要：An effective way to foster cooperation is to monitor behavior and sanction freeriding. Yet, previous studies have shown that cooperation quickly declines when sanctioning mechanisms are removed. We test whether explicitly expressing trust in players' capability to maintain cooperation after the removal of sanctions, i.e., vertical communication of trust, has the potential to alleviate this drop in compliance. Four incentivized public- goods experiments (N = 2,823) find that the vertical commun...
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作者：Thiagarajan, Nivedita; Lepland, Aivo; Ryb, Uri; Torsvik, Trond H.; Ainsaar, Leho; Hints, Olle; Eiler, John
作者单位：California Institute of Technology; Geological Survey of Norway; University of Tartu; Tallinn University of Technology; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; University of Oslo
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作者：Chen, Chen; Yi, Ruiqin; Igisu, Motoko; Afrin, Rehana; Sithamparam, Mahendran; Chandru, Kuhan; Ueno, Yuichiro; Sun, Linhao; Laurenzi, Tommaso; Eberini, Ivano; Fraccia, Tommaso P.; Wang, Anna; Cleaves, H. James; Jia, Tony Z.
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, CAS; Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC); Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; University of Duisburg Essen; Kanazawa University; University of Milan; University of New South Wales Sydney; University of New South Wales Sydney; University of New South Wales Sydney; University of New South Wales Sydney; Howard University
摘要：alpha- hydroxy acids (alpha HAs), simple and prebiotically plausible organic monomers, were likely present in various environments on and off Earth and could have played a role in directing the emergence of the first homochiral living systems. Some alpha HAs, which could have been of varying chirality, can undergo dehydration polymerization into polyesters, which could assemble into membraneless microdroplets upon rehydration; understanding these processes is critical for unraveling how simple...
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作者：Eshel, Gidon; Flamholz, Avi I.; Shepon, Alon Alon; Milo, Ron
作者单位：Rockefeller University; Tel Aviv University; Weizmann Institute of Science
摘要：The high resource intensity of industrial beef in high- income economies has prompted growing interest in alternative, potentially lower environmental impact beef production pathways. Of those, grass feeding is promoted by some as one such alternative, but rigorous quantification of this claim is required. Motivated to bridge this knowledge gap, we integrate empirical evidence with a model based on authoritative equations governing beef cattle performance to quantify the greenhouse gas emissio...
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作者：Utzschneider, Clothilde; Suresh, Bhagyanath; Sciortino, Alfredo; Gaillard, Jeremie; Schaeffer, Alexandre; Pattanayak, Sudipta; Joanny, Jean-Francois; Blanchoin, Laurent; Thery, Manuel
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作者：Yamamoto, Ryosuke; Sahashi, Yui; Shimo-Kon, Rieko; Sakato-Antoku, Miho; Suzuki, Miyuka; Luo, Leo; Tanaka, Hideaki; Ishikawa, Takashi; Yagi, Toshiki; King, Stephen M.; Kurisu, Genji; Kon, Takahide
作者单位：University of Osaka; University of Connecticut; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Paul Scherrer Institute; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of Osaka; Prefectural University of Hiroshima; University of Osaka
摘要：Motile cilia are organelles found on many eukaryotic cells that play critical roles in development and fertility. Human CFAP298 has been implicated in the transport/assembly of ciliary dyneins, and defects in this protein cause primary ciliary dyskinesia. However, neither the exact function nor the structure of CFAP298 have been elucidated. Here, we took advantage of Chlamydomonas, a ciliated alga, to study the structure and function of FBB18, an ortholog of CFAP298. Multiple ciliary dyneins w...
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作者：Yu, Sun - Min; Granick, Steve
作者单位：University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Amherst
摘要：Epithelial cells (human keratinocyte cells and the canine MDCK cell line), traditionally viewed as electrically non-self-excitable and involved primarily in physiological functions such as barrier presentation, absorption, secretion, and protection, are shown here to exhibit traveling extracellular electric charge when they recover from spatially focused, laser-induced wounding of confluent monolayers cultured on a multielectrode array chip. Voltage spikes measured on these electrodes display ...
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作者：Shen, Zongshan; Zhang, Ran; Chen, Xinyue; Yang, Guan; Si, Yuanchun; Yan, Tianxing; Chen, Suwen; Cheng, Bin; Wu, Xiaoshan; Chen, Di; Zhang, Dong; Xiao, Guozhi; Zhu, Jian-Kang; Wang, Songlin
作者单位：Capital Medical University; Capital Medical University; Sun Yat Sen University; Peking University; Capital Medical University; Central South University; Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology; Southern University of Science & Technology; Southern University of Science & Technology; Southern University of Science & Technology; Southern University of Science & Technology
摘要：The mandible, also known as the lower jaw, is the only bone in the skull that can move and is essential for speaking and chewing. Meckel's cartilage (MC) is a temporary structure that supports the formation of the mandible, but how MC is involved in the ossification of the mandible is poorly understood. Through the use of single-cell RNA sequencing and single-cell spatial transcriptomics analyses, a spatiotemporal atlas of MC in human fetuses from 7 to 15 wk postconception was established, hig...
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作者：Tokunou, Yoshihide; Yamazaki, Tomohiko; Fujikawa, Takashi; Okamoto, Akihiro; Gierasch, Lila M.
作者单位：University of Tsukuba; National Institute for Materials Science; Hokkaido University; National Institute for Materials Science; Hokkaido University
摘要：Deciphering metabolic enzyme catalysis in living cells remains a formidable challenge due to the limitations of in vivo assays, which focus on enzymes isolated from respiration. This study introduces an innovative whole-cell electrochemical assay to reveal the Michaelis-Menten landscape of respiratory enzymes amid complex molecular interactions. We controlled the microbial current generation's rate-limiting step, extracting in vivo kinetic parameters (Km, Ki, and kcat) for the periplasmic nitr...
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作者：Huang, Yuheng; Gao, Zita Y.; Ly, Kayla; Lin, Leila; Lambooij, Jan Paul; King, Elizabeth G.; Janssen, Aniek; Wei, Kevin H. -C.; Lee, Yuh Chwen G.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine; Utrecht University; Utrecht University Medical Center; University of Missouri System; University of Missouri Columbia; University of British Columbia
摘要：Meiotic recombination is a prominent force shaping genome evolution, and understanding why recombination rates vary within and between species has remained a central, though challenging, question. Variation in recombination is widely thought to influence the efficacy of selection in purging transposable elements (TEs), prevalent selfish genetic elements, leading to widely observed negative correlations between TE abundance and recombination rates across taxa. However, accumulating evidence sug...
