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作者：Fan, Xinqi; Zhou, Yingjun; Bai, Wenjuan; Li, Xue; Lin, Liyuan; Lin, Huibin; Yang, Ming; Yu, Xiaofei; Wang, Jing; Lin, Liang; Wang, Wei
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS; Fudan University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Jiao Tong University
摘要：The translocation of bacteria from intestinal tracts into blood vessels and distal organs plays pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of numerous severe diseases. Intravital monitoring of bacterial translocation, however, is not yet feasible, which greatly hinders us from comprehending this spatially and temporally dynamic process. Here we report an in vivo fluorogenic labeling method, which enables in situ imaging of mouse gut microbiota and real- time tracking of the translocated bacteria. By mi...
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作者：Magesh, Shruthi; Schrope, Jonathan H.; Soto, Nayanna Mercado; Li, Chao; Hurley, Amanda I.; Huttenlocher, Anna; Beebe, David J.; Handelsman, Jo
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作者：Pelz, Setu; Ganti, Gaurav; Lamboll, Robin; Grant, Luke; Smith, Chris; Pachauri, Shonali; Rogelj, Joeri; Riahi, Keywan; Thiery, Wim; Gidden, Matthew J.
作者单位：International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA); Humboldt University of Berlin; Imperial College London; Imperial College London; Vrije Universiteit Brussel
摘要：Current emissions trends will likely deplete a 1.5 degrees C consistent carbon budget around the year 2030, resulting in at least a temporary exceedance, or overshoot. To clarify responsibilities for this budget exceedance, we consider net- zero carbon debt, a forward- looking measure of the extent to which a party is expected to breach its fair share of the remaining budget by the time it achieves net- zero carbon emissions. We apply this measure to all vetted mitigation scenarios assessed in...
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作者：Magrinya, Paula; Palacios-Alonso, Pablo; Llombart, Pablo; Delgado-Buscalioni, Rafael; Alexander-Katz, Alfredo; Arriaga, Laura R.; Aragones, Juan L.
作者单位：Autonomous University of Madrid; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Friction forces are essential for cell movement, yet they also trigger numerous active cellular responses, complicating their measurement in vivo. Here, we introduce a synthetic model designed to measure friction forces between biomimetic membranes and substrates. The model consists of a vesicle with precisely controlled properties, fabricated via microfluidics, encapsulating a single ferromagnetic particle that is magnetically driven to rotate. The rotation of the particle generates a confine...
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作者：Huang, Weiling; Zhong, Xingxing; Zampronio, Cleidiane G.; Bottrill, Andrew R.; Jones, Kite G. E.; Tinoco, Ana B.; Guo, Lijin; Egertova, Michaela; Mirabeau, Olivier; Elphick, Maurice R.
作者单位：Universidad de Cadiz; Universidad de Cadiz; University of London; Queen Mary University London; University of Warwick; South China Agricultural University; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Universite Paris Cite; Pasteur Network; Institut Pasteur Paris
摘要：Neuropeptide signaling systems are key regulators of physiological and behavioral processes in animals. However, the evolutionary history of some neuropeptides originally discovered in vertebrates is unknown. The peptide bombesin (BN) was first isolated from the skin of the toad Bombina bombina and subsequently BN-related neuropeptides have been identified in other chordates, including gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) and neuromedin B (NMB) in mammals, and a GRP-like peptide in the cephalochord...
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作者：Langlois, Thomas A.; Charlton, Julie A.; Goris, Robbe L. T.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Princeton University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：Perceptual judgments of the environment emerge from the concerted activity of neural populations in decision-making areas downstream of the sensory cortex. When the sensory input is ambiguous, perceptual judgments can be biased by prior expectations shaped by environmental regularities. These effects are examples of Bayesian inference, a reasoning method in which prior knowledge is leveraged to optimize uncertain decisions. However, it is not known how decision-making circuits combine sensory ...
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作者：Esposito, Edward P.; Rios, Hector Manuel Lopez; de la Cruz, Monica Olvera; Jaeger, Heinrich M.
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of Chicago; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University
摘要：Magnetically responsive, mechanically flexible microstructures are desirable for applications ranging from smart sensors to remote-controlled actuation for surgery or robotics. Embedding magnetic nanoparticles into a thin matrix of elastic material enables high flexibility while exploiting the magnetic response of the individual particles. However, in the ultrathin limit of such nanocomposite materials, the particles become too small to sustain a permanent dipole moment. This implies that now ...
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作者：Li, Fengwei; Zhang, Mengmeng; Liu, Chao; Cheng, Jie; Yang, Yawen; Peng, Xiangda; Li, Zhifeng; Cai, Wenfeng; Yu, Haipeng; Wu, Junjie; Guo, Yuyu; Geng, Hongkun; Fa, Yun; Zhang, Youming; Wu, Dalei; Yin, Yizhen
作者单位：Shandong University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology, CAS
摘要：Macrocyclic peptides have emerged as promising drug candidates, filling the gap between small molecules and large biomolecules in drug discovery. The antiapoptotic protein myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1) is crucial for numerous cancers, yet it presents challenges for selective targeting by traditional inhibitors. In this study, we identified a macrocyclic peptide, 5L1, that strongly binds to MCL1, with a dissociation constant (KD) of 7.1 nM. This peptide shows the potential to specifically inhi...
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作者：Sidik, Saima
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作者：Altavini, Tiago S.; Chen, Minggui; Astorga, Guadalupe; Yan, Yin; Li, Wu; Freiwald, Winrich; Gilbert, Charles D.
作者单位：Rockefeller University; Beijing Normal University
摘要：The hierarchical view of the ventral object recognition pathway is primarily based on feedforward mechanisms, starting from a fixed basis set of object primitives and ending on a representation of whole objects in the inferotemporal cortex. Here, we provide a different view. Rather than being a fixed labeled line for a specific feature, neurons are continually changing their stimulus selectivities on a moment-to-moment basis, as dictated by top-down influences of object expectation and percept...
