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作者：Constenla-Villoslada, Susana; Liu, Yanyan; McBride, Linden; Ouma, Clinton; Mutanda, Nelson; Barrett, Christopher B.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI); Cornell University; Cornell University
摘要：The number of acutely food insecure people worldwide has doubled since 2017, increasing demand for early warning systems (EWS) that can predict food emergencies. Advances in computational methods, and the growing availability of near- real time remote sensing data, suggest that big data approaches might help meet this need. But such models have thus far exhibited low predictive skill with respect to subpopulation- level acute malnutrition indicators. We explore whether updating training data w...
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作者：Dingeldein, Lars; Silva-Sanchez, David; Evans, Luke; D'Imprima, Edoardo; Grigorieff, Nikolaus; Covino, Roberto; Cossio, Pilar
作者单位：Goethe University Frankfurt; Yale University; Simons Foundation; Flatiron Institute; IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Worcester; UMass Chan Medical School; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; University of Massachusetts System; University of Massachusetts Worcester; UMass Chan Medical School; Goethe University Frankfurt; Simons Foundation; Flatiron Institute
摘要：Characterizing the conformational ensemble of biomolecular systems is key to understand their functions. Cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) captures two-dimensional snapshots of biomolecular ensembles, giving in principle access to thermodynamics. However, these images are very noisy and show projections of the molecule in unknown orientations, making it very difficult to identify the biomolecule's conformation in each individual image. Here, we introduce cryo-EM simulation-based inference (cry...
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作者：Hoeppner, Jakob; Firat, Damla; Parvez-Khan, Mohd; Reyes, Monica; Hanna, Patrick; Yadav, Prem Swaroop; Dean, Thomas; Ramos-Torres, Karla M.; Brugarolas, Pedro; Collins, Michael T.; Wein, Marc N.; Liu, Shi; Gellman, Samuel H.; Schipani, Ernestina; Kronenberg, Henry M.; Gardella, Thomas J.; Jueppner, Harald
作者单位：Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; University of Duisburg Essen; University of Pennsylvania; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research (NIDCR); University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Massachusetts General Hospital; National University of Singapore
摘要：Jansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (JMC) is a rare disorder caused by activating mutations in the parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) receptor (PTH1R). Patients exhibit short stature, dysmorphic bones, and severe growth plate abnormalities, as well as hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, hypophosphatemia, and reduced plasma PTH levels. Humanized PTH1R (hPTH1R) mice expressing the H223R-hPTH1R JMC mutation die early without breeding. We therefore generated and characterized a sta...
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作者：Kim, Ji- Hyun; Kim, Joodeok; Kim, Byung Hyo; Song, Sanggeun; Kang, Jingyu; Rhee, Jinho; Kim, Donghee; Chun, Hoje; Choi, Hyesung; Cho, Hyungjin; Kim, Yongjoon; Jung, Jae Won; Son, Youngju; Jung, Junhyeok; Park, Kunwoo; Jeon, Sungho; Lee, Minho; Han, Byungchan; Lee, Won Chul; Kim, Dongjun; Hyeon, Taeghwan; Sung, Jaeyoung; Park, Jungwon
作者单位：Chung Ang University; Chung Ang University; Chung Ang University; Institute for Basic Science - Korea (IBS); Seoul National University (SNU); Seoul National University (SNU); Soongsil University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; United States Department of Energy (DOE); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Chung Ang University; Yonsei University; Hanyang University; Seoul National University (SNU); Seoul National University (SNU)
摘要：Colloidal nanoparticles are of great interest in modern science and industry. However, the thermodynamic mechanism and dynamics of nanoparticle growth have yet to be understood. Addressing these issues, we tracked hundreds of in-situ growth trajectories of a nanoparticle ensemble using liquid-phase TEM and found that the nanoparticle growth, including coalescence, exhibits nanoparticle size-dependent multiphasic dynamics, unexplainable by current theories. Motivated by this finding, we develop...
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作者：Berggren, Mathias; Bergh, Robin
作者单位：Uppsala University
摘要：Several cross-country examinations have found larger gender differences in Western countries. More recently, it has been argued, from an evolutionary standpoint, that equality may paradoxically increase gender differences, because it provides more freedom for men and women to pursue innate preferences. However, this paradox has primarily been examined with this cross-country methodology, opening up for other cultural differences to drive the results. For instance, measures developed in Protest...
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作者：Garcia-Hernandez, Selene; Morello-Lopez, Jorge; Haslam, Richard; Amorim-Silva, Vitor; Moya-Cuevas, Jose; Catala, Rafael; Michaelson, Louise; Perez-Sancho, Jessica; Markovic, Vedrana; Salinas, Julio; Napier, Johnathan; Jaillais, Yvon; Ruiz-Lopez, Noemi; Botella, Miguel A.
作者单位：Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); Universidad de Malaga; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); Rothamsted Research; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CIB); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon (ENS de LYON); Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1; INRAE
摘要：A universal response of plants to environmental stresses is the activation of plasma membrane (PM) phospholipase C, which hydrolyzes phosphoinositides to produce soluble inositol phosphate and diacylglycerol (DAG). Because of their conical shape, DAG amounts have to be tightly regulated or they can destabilize membranes. We previously showed that upon stress, Synaptotagmin1 (SYT1) transports DAG from the PM to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) at ER-PM Contact Sites (CS). Here, we addressed the f...
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作者：Gonzalez-Parra, Jose Antonio; Acciai, Vittoria; Vidal-Palencia, Laura; Canela- Grimau, Marc; Busquets- Garcia, Arnau
作者单位：Hospital del Mar Research Institute; Hospital del Mar
摘要：Since our first steps in life, we are forming incidental associations between diverse stimuli across various sensory modalities that influence our future choices and facilitate adaptation to environmental fluctuations. Daily behavior is usually governed by indirect incidental associations among sensory cues that have never been explicitly paired with a reinforcer. This phenomenon, known as higher-order conditioning, can be systematically investigated in laboratory animals through specific beha...
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作者：Jiang, Keer; Fu, Zirui; Tsourkas, Philippos; Kothandapani, Anbarasi; Kearse, Tyler; McIlwain, Sean J.; Mayere, Chloe; Nef, Serge; Jorgensen, Joan S.
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Geneva; University of Geneva
摘要：Historically, endocrine cells were perceived to coordinate their output in a uniform manner. Recently however, single-cell technologies have uncovered heterogeneity within these populations, indicating that individual cells may operate as independently regulated units. Using high-resolution tools such as single-molecule fluorescent in situ hybridization (sm-FISH) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we investigated the contributions of individual and the collective of fetal Leydig cells...
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作者：Kim, Hyunjae; Kim, Inwoo; Kim, Minsoo; An, Seongha; Ahn, Hyo Chul; Park, Dongmin; Lee, Jun Hee; Kang, Chun Yong; Choi, Jang Wook
作者单位：Seoul National University (SNU); Seoul National University (SNU); Seoul National University (SNU); Hyundai Motors
摘要：The rapidly expanding lithium- ion battery (LIB) market has heightened the demand for efficient diagnostics for in- use cells and the reliable grading of used cells. Various purpose- built analysis tools and statistical algorithms have been developed, but often rely on redundant instrumentation and computationally intensive procedures. Here, we propose using the variance of the capacity difference between 0.2C and 1C, Var(Delta Q0.2C- 1C(V)), based on the strong correlation between the interfa...
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作者：Wu, Baoning; Barbot, Sylvain
作者单位：University of Southern California; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Scripps Institution of Oceanography
摘要：Empirical slip-rate-and state-dependent friction laws and linear fracture mechanics constitute popular approaches to explaining earthquakes. However, the physics underlying friction laws remain elusive and fracture mechanics does not specify fault strength at the various conditions relevant to crustal faulting. Here, we introduce a physical constitutive framework that augments the traditional approaches by incorporating the real area of contact as the state variable. The physical model explain...
