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作者：Takata, Mamoru; Takahashi, Michihiko; Ishibashi, Tomoki; Tasaki, Eisuke; Rueppell, Olav; Vargo, Edward L.; Matsuura, Kenji
作者单位：Kyoto University; University of Alberta; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST); RIKEN; Niigata University
摘要：The discovery of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance and the unraveling of its molecular mechanisms are currently solving previously puzzling challenges that Mendelian genetics based solely on DNA could not explain, leading to significant paradigm shifts across various fields of biology. There has been a long-standing controversy over the factors determining the caste fate of individuals in social insects. Increasing evidence supports heritable influences on division of labor. Here, we pr...
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作者：Mostofa, Mohammad Golam; Sahu, Abira; Xu, Yuan; Basrai, Insiya; Doron, Lior; Lefrancois, Violet; Sharkey, Thomas D.
作者单位：United States Department of Energy (DOE); Michigan State University; Michigan State University; Michigan State University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; State University of New York (SUNY) College of Environmental Science & Forestry; SUNY Maritime College; University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Birmingham
摘要：Isoprene is the most abundant nonmethane biogenic hydrocarbon emitted by some plants, mostly trees. It plays critical roles in atmospheric chemistry by contributing to ozone and aerosol formation. Isoprene also benefits plants, particularly under stress, through its signaling roles. Legume crops like soybean were thought to have evolutionarily lost isoprene synthase (ISPS) and are typically considered nonemitters. Here, we report that damage to soybean leaves by wounding or burning triggered a...
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作者：Alawieh, Hussein; Liu, Deland; Madera, Jonathan; Kumar, Satyam; Racz, Frigyes Samuel; Fey, Ann Majewicz; Millan, Jose del R.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：Injuries affecting the central nervous system may disrupt neural pathways to muscles causing motor deficits. Yet the brain exhibits sensorimotor rhythms (SMRs) during movement intents, and brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) can decode SMRs to control from the instability of SMRs, requiring longitudinal training for users to learn proper transcutaneous electrical spinal stimulation (TESS) to inhibit the motor cortex prior provide promising possibilities for advancing BCI-based motor rehabilitation.
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作者：Berenbaum, May R.
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作者：Bromham, Lindell; Yaxley, Keaghan; Wilson, Oscar; Hua, Xia
作者单位：Australian National University; Australian National University
摘要：Evolution of complexity in human languages has been vigorously debated, including the proposal that complexity can build in small, isolated populations but is often lost in situations of language contact. If it is generally true that small, isolated languages can build morphological complexity over time, but complexity tends to be lost in situations of language contact, then we should find that forms of language complexity that have evolved multiple times will tend to be associated with popula...
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作者：Huot, Marian; Wang, Dianzhuo; Liu, Jiacheng; Shakhnovich, Eugene I.
作者单位：Harvard University; Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Cite; Sorbonne Universite; Harvard University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：The early detection of high-fitness viral variants is critical for pandemic response, yet limited experimental resources at the onset of variant emergence hinder effective identification. To address this, we introduce an active learning framework, VIRAL (Viral Identification via Rapid Active Learning), that integrates protein language model, Gaussian process with uncertainty estimation, and a biophysical model to predict the fitness of novel variants in a few-shot learning setting. By benchmar...
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作者：Teyssier, Eve; Grat, Sabine; Landry, David; Ouradou, Mathilde; Rich, Melanie K.; Fort, Sebastien; Keller, Jean; Lefebvre, Benoit; Delaux, Pierre - Marc; Mbengue, Malick
作者单位：Universite Federale Toulouse Midi-Pyrenees (ComUE); Universite de Toulouse; Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); INRAE; Universite de Toulouse; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Communaute Universite Grenoble Alpes; Universite Grenoble Alpes (UGA)
摘要：Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) with soilborne Glomeromycota fungi was pivotal in the conquest of land by plants almost half a billion years ago. In flowering plants, it is hypothesized that AM is initiated by the perception of AM fungi-derived chito-and lipochito-oligosaccharides (COs/LCOs) in the host via Lysin Motif Receptor-Like Kinases (LysM-RLKs). However, it remains uncertain whether plant perception of these molecules is a prerequisite for AM establishment and for its origin. Here, we made ...
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作者：Li, Zhi; Lu, Yiran; Gao, Huajian; Kumar, Sharvan
作者单位：Nanyang Technological University; Brown University; Tsinghua University
摘要：Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) remains a critical scientific challenge in building reliable infrastructure for a carbon-free hydrogen economy. Predictive models for hydrogen-induced material failure are still lacking, largely due to an incomplete understanding of hydrogen's effects on deformation behavior, especially in multiphase alloys with complex compositions and microstructures. Here, we demonstrate a synergistic hydrogen embrittlement (SHE) phenomenon in high-strength martensitic steels, wh...
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作者：Ozaki, Michelle K.; Zhang, Yi; Bartlett, Alexandra Q.; de Wilde, Elise; Guan, Xiangnan; Yang, Alex; Xia, Zheng; Schedin, Pepper
作者单位：Oregon Health & Science University; Oregon Health & Science University
摘要：Liver biology is functionally linked to lactation, as liver size and metabolic output increase during lactation to support synthesis of breast milk. Upon weaning, the rodent liver returns to baseline homeostasis via hepatocyte cell death, in a process considered liver involution. To explore liver biology changes across a lactation-wean cycle, we employed transcriptomic profiling. We identified elevated hepatocyte proliferation and anabolic metabolism gene signatures during lactation, consisten...
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作者：O'Leary, Kelly M.; Slezak, Tomasz; Kossiakoff, Anthony A.
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of Chicago
摘要：Subcellular compartmentalization is integral to the spatial regulation of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. However, the biological outputs associated with location-specific mTOR signaling events are poorly understood and challenging to decouple. Here, we engineered synthetic intracellular antibodies (intrabodies) that are capable of modulating mTOR signaling with genetically programmable spatial resolution. Epitope-directed phage display was exploited to generate high affinity...
