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作者：Faber, Justin; Alampounti, Alexandros C.; Georgiades, Marcos; Albert, Joerg T.; Bozovic, Dolores
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of London; University College London; Carl von Ossietzky Universitat Oldenburg; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：Distortion products are tones produced through nonlinear effects of a system simultaneously detecting two or more frequencies. These combination tones are ubiquitous to vertebrate auditory systems and are generally regarded as byproducts of nonlinear signal amplification. It has previously been shown that several species of infectious-disease-carrying mosquitoes utilize these distortion products for detecting and locating potential mates. Furthermore, the mechanical tuning curve of the male mo...
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作者：Pang, Xiaoyun; Zhang, Yan; Park, Kunyou; Liao, Zhenyu; Li, Jian; Xu, Jiashu; Hong, Minh-Triet; Yin, Guoliang; Zhang, Tongming; Wang, Yaoyu; Egelman, Edward H.; Fan, Jun; Hsu, Victor W.; Park, Seung-Yeol; Sun, Fei
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作者：Tapinova, Olga; Finkelman, Tal; Reitich-Stolero, Tamar; Paz, Rony; Tal, Assaf; Gov, Nir S.
作者单位：Weizmann Institute of Science; Weizmann Institute of Science; Tel Aviv University
摘要：Humans and other organisms make decisions choosing between different options, with the aim of maximizing the reward and minimizing the cost. The main theoretical framework for modeling the decision-making process has been based on the highly successful drift-diffusion model, which is a simple tool for explaining many aspects of this process. However, recent observations challenge this model. It was found that inhibitory tone increases during situations of difficult discrimination tasks, but th...
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作者：Willcox, Alexandra C.; Gobillot, Theodore A.; Kikawa, Caroline; Baumgarten, Nell E.; Stoddard, Caitlin I.; Sung, Kevin; Bhattacharya, Tamanash; Freeman, Tiia S.; Marceau, Joshua; Humes, Daryl; Overbaugh, Julie
作者单位：Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Zika virus (ZIKV) has caused multiple human outbreaks, with more recent epidemics associated with severe outcomes in infants. Today, ZIKV is endemic to many countries and presents a persistent threat for future epidemics. The host innate immune proteins that regulate ZIKV replication are incompletely defined. We developed a CRISPR knockout screen to identify host factors that impact ZIKV replication, resulting in the finding of angiomotin-like protein 2 (AMOTL2), a protein that inhibits ZIKV b...
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作者：Eastwood, Michael L.; Thompson, David R.; Green, Robert O.; Fahlen, Jay E.; Adams, Taylor J.; Brandt, Adam R.; Brodrick, Philip G.; Chlus, Adam; Kort, Eric A.; Reuland, Frances; Thorpe, Andrew K.
作者单位：California Institute of Technology; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Stanford University
摘要：An explosion of recent research uses remote imaging spectroscopy from aircraft and spacecraft to detect and quantify methane point source emissions. These instruments first map the methane enhancement field and then combine this information with the effective wind speed to estimate the source emission rate. This wind speed is typically the largest uncertainty in derived emission rates. It is often, by necessity, inferred from coarse-resolution meteorological reanalysis products which do not ma...
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作者：Willink, Beatriz; Ho, Tammy Ai Tian; Svensson, Erik I.
作者单位：Cornell University; Aarhus University; Lund University
摘要：Sexual conflict over mating has been documented in many species, both in the field and in experimental studies. In pond damselflies (family Coenagrionidae), sexual conflict maintains female-limited color polymorphisms, with one female morph typically being a male mimic. However, it is not known whether sexual conflict can also explain the evolutionary origin of novel female morphs, and if so, what ecological factors play a role in this macroevolutionary transition, by modulating the strength o...
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作者：Yang, Rui; Si, Qiaoling; Sheng, Qiang; Yang, Mingyang; Du, Mu; Zhang, Hu; Shi, Xiao-Lei; Tang, Guihua; Chen, Zhi-Gang
作者单位：Xi'an Jiaotong University; Shandong University; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Queensland University of Technology (QUT); Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
摘要：Nanoporous structures play a critical role in a wide range of applications, including catalysis, thermoelectrics, energy storage, gas adsorption, and thermal insulation. However, their thermal instability remains a persistent challenge. Inspired by the extraordinary resilience of tardigrades, an atomic armor strategy is introduced to enhance the stability of nanoporous structures. Applied to mesoporous silica at parts-per-million levels, the atomic armor provides thermal resistance exceeding t...
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作者：Han, Zhenyu; Huang, Chi; Luo, Taokun; Mirkin, Chad A.
作者单位：Northwestern University; Northwestern University
摘要：Genome editing with CRISPR-Cas systems hold promise for treating a wide range of genetic disorders and cancers. However, efficient delivery of genome editors remains challenging due to the requirement for the simultaneous delivery or intracellular generation of Cas proteins, guide RNAs, and, in some applications, donor DNAs. Furthermore, the immunogenicity and toxicity of delivery vehicles can limit the safety and efficacy of genetic medicines. Here, we combine two nucleic acid delivery approa...
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作者：Koleske, Benjamin; Rajagopalan, Saranathan; Schill, Courtney; Lun, Shichun; Vilcheze, Catherine; Das, Lahari; Gupta, Manish; Martinez-Martinez, Yazmin B.; Bishai, William R.; Jacobs Jr, William R.
作者单位：Johns Hopkins University; Montefiore Medical Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Yeshiva University
摘要：The ESX-5 secretion system, uniquely found in slow-growing mycobacteria, is predicted to secrete over 150 proteins across the inner membrane of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). Although many of these substrates are believed to promote M.tb virulence, most remain poorly characterized. Here, we use a complete locus deletion strain of ESX-5 in M.tb to examine the molecular changes caused by a broad loss in ESX-5 secretory substrates. We confirmed the selective loss of PE/PPE proteins secreted b...
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作者：Qiu, Ruoyuan; Yu, Zhichao; Mills, Benjamin J. W.; Huang, Renda; Zhang, Wang; Isson, Terry; Wan, Bo; Zhang, Ruizhen; Zhao, Mingyu; Jin, Zhijun
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geology & Geophysics, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; University of Leeds; Peking University; University of Waikato; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geology & Geophysics, CAS
摘要：Reconstructing carbon release fluxes during ancient climatic warming events is important for improving predictions of carbon cycle and climate dynamics under future anthropogenic warming scenarios. We investigate the extent of biogenic methane release and its approximately 183 million years ago. To do this, we developed a global biogeochemical simulations. Based on a high- resolution record of carbon isotope excursions from the Yorkshire section, our results indicate that a release of at least...
