2025

最新文章

• Symmetry facilitated the evolution of heterospecificity and high- order stoichiometry in vertebrate hemoglobin AI翻译
  作者：Cortez-Romero, Carlos R.; Lyu, Jixing; Pillai, Arvind S.; Laganowsky, Arthur; Thornton, Joseph W.
  作者单位：University of Chicago; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; University of Chicago; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Chicago
  摘要：Many proteins form paralogous multimers-molecular complexes in which evolutionarily related proteins are arranged into specific quaternary structures. Little is known about the mechanisms by which they acquired their stoichiometry (the number of total subunits in the complex) and heterospecificity (the preference of subunits for their paralogs rather than other copies of the same protein). Here, we use ancestral protein reconstruction and biochemical experiments to study historical increases i...
• An analytical model of label-free nanoscale chemical imaging reveals avenues toward improved spatial resolution and sensitivity AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Yide; Yilmaz, Ufuk; Lukasievicz, Gustavo Vinicius Bassi; O'Faolain, Liam; Lendl, Bernhard; Ramer, Georg
  作者单位：Technische Universitat Wien; Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana; Technische Universitat Wien
  摘要：Atomic force microscopy-infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR) is a photothermal scanning probe technique that combines nanoscale spatial resolution with the chemical analysis capability of mid-infrared spectroscopy. Using this hybrid technique, chemical identification down to the single molecule level has been demonstrated. However, the mechanism at the heart of AFM-IR, the transduction of local photothermal heating to cantilever deflection, is still not fully understood. Existing physical models onl...
• A paradoxical misperception of relative motion (vol 121, e2410755121, 2024) AI翻译
  作者：D'Angelo, Josephine C.; Tiruveedhula, Pavan; Weber, Raymond J.; Arathorn, David W.; Roorda, Austin
• Arctic soil carbon insulation averts large spring cooling from surface-atmosphere feedbacks AI翻译
  作者：Gaillard, Remi; Peylin, Philippe; Cadule, Patricia; Bastrikov, Vladislav; Cheruy, Frederique; Cuynet, Amelie; Ghattas, Josefine; Zhu, Dan; Guenet, Bertrand
  作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Earth Sciences & Astronomy (INSU); Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Universite Paris Saclay; Universite Paris Saclay; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS); Sorbonne Universite; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique; Universite Paris Saclay; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Earth Sciences & Astronomy (INSU); Peking University
  摘要：The insulative properties of soil organic carbon (SOC) and surface organic layers (moss, lichens, litter) regulate surface-atmosphere energy exchanges in the Arctic through a coupling with soil temperatures. However, a physical description of this process is lacking in many climate models, potentially biasing their high-latitude climate predictions. Using a coupled surface-atmosphere model, we identified a strong feedback loop between soil insulation, surface air temperature, and snowfall. Wit...
• Stimulating the regenerative capacity of the human retina with proneural transcription factors in 3D cultures AI翻译
  作者：Wohlschlegel, Juliette; Kierney, Faith; Arakelian, Kayla L.; Luxardi, Guillaume; Suvarnpradip, Naran; Hoffer, Dawn; Rieke, Fred; Moshiri, Ala; Reh, Thomas A.
  作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of California System; University of California Davis; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
  摘要：Retinal diseases often lead to degeneration of specific retinal cell types with currently limited therapeutic options to replace the lost neurons. Previous studies have reported that overexpression of ASCL1 or combinations of proneural factors in M & uuml;ller glia (MG) induce regeneration of functional neurons in the adult mouse retina. Recently, we applied the same strategy in dissociated cultures of fetal human MG and although we stimulated neurogenesis from MG, our effect in 2D cultures wa...
• Funding rules that promote equity in climate adaptation outcomes AI翻译
  作者：Pollack, Adam B.; Aguilar, Sara Santamaria -; Maduwantha, Pravin; Helgeson, Casey; Wahl, Thomas; Keller, Klaus
  作者单位：Dartmouth College; State University System of Florida; University of Central Florida; State University System of Florida; University of Central Florida; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
  摘要：Many climate policies adopt improving equity as a key objective. A key challenge is that policies often conceive of equity in terms of individuals but introduce strategies that focus on spatially coarse administrative areas. For example, the Justice40 Initiative in the United States requires 518 diverse federal programs to prioritize funds for disadvantaged census tracts. This strategy is largely untested and contrasts with the federal government's definition of equity as the consistent and sy...
• Superconducting critical temperature elevated by intense magnetic fields AI翻译
  作者：Wu, Z.; Chen, H.; Weinberger, T. I.; Cabala, A.; Graf, D. E.; Skourski, Y.; Xie, W.; Ling, Y.; Zhu, Z.; Sechovsky, V.; Valiska, M.; Grosche, F. M.; Eaton, A. G.
  作者单位：University of Cambridge; Charles University Prague; State University System of Florida; Florida State University; Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR); Huazhong University of Science & Technology
  摘要：Below a critical temperature T-c, superconductors transport electrical charge without dissipative energy losses. The application of a magnetic field B generally acts to suppress Tc, up to some critical field strength at which T-c -> 0 K. Here, we investigate magnetic field-induced superconductivity in high-quality specimens of the triplet superconductor candidate UTe2 in pulsed magnetic fields up to B = 70 T. Strikingly, we find that this material has a higher T-c when B > 40 T (T-c approximat...
• Collaborative management partnerships strongly decreased deforestation in the most at-risk protected areas in Africa since 2000 AI翻译
  作者：Desbureaux, Sebastien; Kabore, Ibrahim; Vaglietti, Giulia; Baghai, Mujon; Lindsey, Peter; Robson, Ashley; Delacote, Philippe; Leblois, Antoine
  作者单位：INRAE; Universite de Montpellier; Institut Agro; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Le Havre Normandie; Fondazione Mattei; Universite de Lorraine; AgroParisTech; INRAE; University of Cape Town
  摘要：Collaborative management partnerships (CMPs) between state wildlife authorities and nonprofit conservation organizations to manage protected areas (PAs) have been used increasingly across Sub-Saharan Africa since the 2000s. They aim to attract funding, build capacity, and increase the environmental effectiveness of PAs. Our study documents the rise of CMPs, examines their current extent, and measures their effectiveness in protecting habitats. We combine statistical matching and Before-AfterCo...
• Memory control deficits in the sleep- deprived human brain AI翻译
  作者：Harrington, Marcus O.; Karapanagiotidis, Theodoros; Phillips, Lauryn; Smallwood, Jonathan; Anderson, Michael C.; Cairney, Scott A.
  作者单位：University of York - UK; University of East Anglia; University of Sussex; Queens University - Canada; University of Cambridge; UK Research & Innovation (UKRI); Medical Research Council UK (MRC); University of York - UK
  摘要：Sleep disturbances are associated with intrusive memories, but the neurocognitive mechanisms underpinning this relationship are poorly understood. Here, we show that sleep deprivation disrupts prefrontal inhibition of memory retrieval, and that the overnight restoration of this inhibitory mechanism is associated with time spent in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The functional impairments arising from sleep deprivation are linked to a behavioral deficit in the ability to downregulate unwanted ...
• Nocturnal camouflage through background matching against moonlight AI翻译
  作者：Negro, Juan J.; Bara, Salvador; Galadi-Enriquez, David; Nieves, Juan Luis; Martinez-Domingo, Miguel A.; Ferrero, Alejandro; Campos, Joaquin; Bao-Varela, Carmen; Masana, Eduard; Camacho, Carlos
  作者单位：Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Estacion Biologica de Donana (EBD); Universidad de Cordoba; University of Granada; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Instituto de Optica (Daza de Valdes); Universidade de Santiago de Compostela; University of Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC)
  摘要：Camouflage is often considered a daytime phenomenon based on light and shade. Nocturnal camouflage can also occur, but its mechanistic basis remains unclear. Here, we analyze the conditions for background matching (BM) of avian predators against the night sky. Such concealment is achieved when the contrast between the predator and the sky is smaller than the contrast detection threshold of prey. This condition cannot be fulfilled under isotropic skies, as in fully overcast or moonless nights. ...