Journal of Applied Psychology

最新文章

• Prospective relationships between drug problems and work adjustment in a community sample of adults AI翻译
  作者：Galaif, ER; Newcomb, MD; Carmona, JV
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of Southern California
  摘要：The prospective relationships between drug problems and work adjustment (e.g., job instability, job satisfaction) were examined in a community sample of 470 adults, Polydrug problems (alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine problem drug use) were both predictors and consequences of work adjustment. In partial support of the impaired functioning theory, polydrug problems predicted reduced job satisfaction 4 years later. Supporting the work-related strain theory, early job instability predicted polydrug...
• The effects of defendant conduct on jury damage awards AI翻译
  作者：Greene, E; Johns, M; Smith, A
  作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado at Colorado Springs
  摘要：Laws of negligence dictate that jurors' decisions about damages be influenced by the severity of plaintiffs' injuries and not by the reprehensibility of defendants' conduct. The authors simulated an automobile negligence trial to assess whether jurors' decisions are in accord with those expectations. Conduct of the defendant and severity of the plaintiff's injuries were manipulated, Jurors listened to the evidence, completed predeliberation questionnaires, deliberated as a jury, and completed ...
• Implementing computerized technology: An organizational analysis AI翻译
  作者：Klein, KJ; Conn, AB; Sorra, JS
  作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
  摘要：Why do some organizations succeed and others fail in implementing the innovations they adopt? To begin to answer this question, the authors studied the implementation of manufacturing resource planning, an advanced computerized manufacturing technology, in 39 manufacturing plants (number of individual respondents = 1,219). The results of the plant-level analyses suggest that financial resource availability and management support for technology implementation engender high-quality implementatio...
• Pink triangles: Antecedents and consequences of perceived workplace discrimination against gay and lesbian employees AI翻译
  作者：Ragins, BR; Cornwell, JM
  作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Milwaukee; Loyola University New Orleans
  摘要：A model of perceived sexual orientation discrimination was tested in a national sample of 534 gay and lesbian employees. The effects of legislation, organizational policies and practices, and work group composition on perceived sexual orientation discrimination were examined, as well as the attitudinal and organizational outcomes associated with discrimination. Gay employees were more likely to report discrimination when employed in groups that were primarily heterosexual and in organizations ...
• Explaining employees' health care costs: A prospective examination of stressful job demands, personal control, and physiological reactivity AI翻译
  作者：Ganster, DC; Fox, ML; Dwyer, DJ
  作者单位：University of Arkansas System; University of Arkansas Fayetteville; Minnesota State Colleges & Universities; Minnesota State University Mankato; University System of Ohio; University of Toledo
  摘要：The authors tested the ability of stressful demands and personal control in the workplace to predict employees' subsequent health care costs in a sample of 105 full-time nurses, Both subjective and objective measures of workload demands interacted with personal control perceptions in predicting the cumulative health care costs over the ensuing 5-year period. Tonic elevations in salivary cortisol, moreover, mediated the effects of demands and control on health care costs. Neither the job demand...
• How negotiators get to yes: Predicting the constellation of strategies used across cultures to negotiate conflict AI翻译
  作者：Tinsley, CH
  作者单位：Georgetown University
  摘要：Individualism, hierarchy, polychronicity, and explicit-contracting values explain why managers from Germany, Japan, and the United States use a different mix of strategies to negotiate workplace conflict. Hypotheses extend prior research in showing that conflict behavior is multiply determined and that each culture uses a variety of interests, regulations, and power-based conflict management strategies. Results of actual (rather than survey-based) conflict resolution behavior suggest several f...
• Is everyone in agreement? An exploration of within-group agreement in employee perceptions of the work environment AI翻译
  作者：Klein, KJ; Conn, AB; Smith, DB; Sorra, JS
  作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
  摘要：Multilevel researchers often gather individual-level data to measure group-level constructs. Within-group agreement is a key consideration in the measurement of such constructs, yet antecedents of within-group agreement have been little studied. The authors found that group member social interaction and work interdependence were significantly positively related to within-group agreement regarding perceptions of the work environment. Demographic heterogeneity was not significantly related to wi...
• Examining the effects of work externalization through the lens of social identity theory AI翻译
  作者：Chattopadhyay, P; George, E
  作者单位：University of Queensland
  摘要：This study examines whether dissimilarity among employees that is based on their work status (i.e., whether they are temporary or internal workers) influences their organization-based self-esteem, their trust in and attraction toward their peers, and their altruism. A model that is based on social identity theory posits that work-status dissimilarity negatively influences each outcome variable and that the strength of this relationship varies depending on whether employees have temporary or in...
• Use of situational judgment tests to predict job performance: A clarification of the literature AI翻译
  作者：McDaniel, MA; Morgeson, FP; Finnegan, EB; Campion, MA; Braverman, EP
  作者单位：Virginia Commonwealth University; Michigan State University; Purdue University System; Purdue University; AT&T
  摘要：Although situational judgment tests have a long history in the psychological assessment literature and continue to be frequently used in employment contexts, there has been virtually no summarization of this literature. The purpose of this article is to review the history of such tests and present the results of a meta-analysis on criterion-related and construct validity. On the basis of 102 coefficients and 10,640 people, situational judgment tests showed useful levels of validity (rho = .34)...
• Toward a theory of individual differences and leadership: Understanding the motivation to lead AI翻译
  作者：Chan, KY; Drasgow, F
  作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
  摘要：A broad, integrative theoretical framework for understanding the relationship between individual differences and various leader behaviors is presented; it proposes a new individual-differences construct called the motivation to lead (MTL). A large-scale study using 3 samples in different occupational and cultural contexts shows 3 factors underlying MTL, namely, affective-identity, noncalculative, and social-normative MTL. A parsimonious model of antecedents to MTL is developed through hierarch...