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作者：Rotundo, M; Nguyen, DH; Sackett, PR
作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; California State University System; California State University Long Beach; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：Research on gender differences in perceptions of sexual harassment informs an ongoing legal debate regarding the use of a reasonable person standard instead of a reasonable woman standard to evaluate sexual harassment claims. The authors report a meta-analysis of 62 studies of gender differences in harassment perceptions. An earlier quantitative review combined all types of social-sexual behaviors for a single meta-analysis; the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the magnitude of...
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作者：Vancouver, JB; Thompson, CM; Williams, AA
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio University; New York University
摘要：The common interpretation of the positive correlation among self-efficacy, personal goals, and performance is questioned. Using self-efficacy theory (A. Bandura. 1977), it was predicted that cross-sectional correlational results were a function of past performance's influence on self-efficacy, and using control theory (W. T. Powers. 1973), it was predicted that self-efficacy could negatively influence subsequent performance. These predictions were supported with 56 undergraduate participants, ...
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作者：Schreiber, N; Wentura, D; Bilsky, W
作者单位：University of Munster
摘要：In 2 experiments (N = 111 children), a suggestive technique for interviewing child witnesses called inviting speculation was examined. Children were presented with atypical actions for common objects in a clown show. One week later, the children were asked to speculate (e.g., What else could he have done with the knife?) in a between-subjects design on all or none of the items (Experiment 1) and in a within-subjects design on part of the items (Experiment 2), thereby getting highly probable sp...
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作者：Johnson, JW; Carter, GW; Davison, HK; Oliver, DH
摘要：A new method is presented for conducting differential prediction analyses that makes it possible to test differential prediction hypotheses with adequate statistical power even when the sample size within a job or a job family is very small. This method, called synthetic differential prediction analysis, represents an application of the logic of synthetic validation to differential prediction analyses. The authors explain this new method and describe its application in a selection-system valid...
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作者：Masterson, SS
作者单位：University System of Ohio; University of Cincinnati
摘要：This study developed and tested a trickle-down model of organizational justice that hypothesized that employees' perceptions of fairness should affect their attitudes toward the organization, subsequently influencing their behaviors toward customers. In turn, customers should interpret these behaviors as signals of fair treatment, causing them to react positively to both the employee and the organization. The model was tested on a sample of 187 instructors and their students. The results revea...
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作者：Jex, SM; Bliese, PD; Buzzell, S; Primeau, J
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; United States Department of Defense; United States Army; Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR)
摘要：The present study was designed to examine whether coping style influences the impact of self-efficacy on stressor-strain relations. It was hypothesized that high self-efficacy would weaken stressor-strain relations when accompanied by frequent use of active coping and infrequent use of avoidance coping. Data collected from 2,293 members of the U.S. Army revealed 3-way interactions among self-efficacy, role clarity, and active coping and among self-efficacy, work overload, and avoidance coping....
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作者：Hinds, PJ; Patterson, M; Pfeffer, J
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University
摘要：Although experts should be well positioned to convey their superior knowledge and skill to novices, the organization of that knowledge, and particularly its level of abstraction, may make it difficult for them to do so. Using an electronic circuit-wiring task, the authors found that experts as compared with beginners used more abstract and advanced statements and fewer concrete statements when providing task instructions to novices. In a 2nd study. the authors found that beginner-instructed no...
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作者：Elovainio, M; Kivimäki, M; Helkama, K
作者单位：Finnish Institute of Occupational Health; University of Helsinki; University of Helsinki
摘要：To explore how organizational justice evaluations affect the occupational stress process, the authors formulated and tested the following 2 hypotheses: (a) The effect of job control on strain is mediated by justice evaluations, and (b) justice evaluations moderate the effect of job control on occupational strain, The results of structural equation modeling, based on data collected from 688 employees, suggest that job control affects strain through justice evaluations. Thus, the results of this...
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作者：Aquino, K; Tripp, TM; Bies, RJ
作者单位：University of Delaware; Washington State University; Georgetown University
摘要：This study investigated the relationships between blame. victim and offender status. and the pursuit of revenge or reconciliation after a personal offense. Results from a sample of 141 government agency employees showed that blame is positively related to revenge and negatively related to reconciliation. In addition, victim-offender relative status moderated the relation between blame and revenge such that victims who blamed sought revenge more often when the offender's status was lower than t...
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作者：Jawahar, IM
作者单位：Illinois State University
摘要：This study examined the influence of attitudes and self-monitoring on leniency (elevation accuracy) of performance ratings and personnel decisions. In addition, moderating effects of self-monitoring on the relationship between attitudes and accuracy of ratings and decisions were investigated. Attitudes and self-monitoring tendency of 210 managers-professionals were measured, and ratings provided and decisions made by them were used to test 3 sets of hypotheses. Moderated regression and follow-...
